Caphftrath. See Kephar-Akko.
Capharbarttoha (prob. for ^3^3 *^&5, villoffe of hkssinff; but different trom the "valley of blessing" [see Bbrachah], named in 2 Chron. xx, 26), a place mentioned by Jerome (Ep. 86) as overlooking the des- ert of Sodom, and traditionally held to be the place where Abraham inteiceded with Jehovah for the guilty cities of the plain (Gen. xviii, 16 ; xix, 28). The name also occurs (in various forms) in several other ancient notices (Reland, Pakut, p. 685). It is probably the modem Beni iVotm, an eminence on very high ground, three or fbur miles east of Hebron, commanding an extensive view of the Dead Sea (Robinson, Retearches^ ii, 189). The tomb of Lot has been shown there since the days of Iffandeville (Trav. p. 68).
Capharcotia. See Caparcotia.
Caphardagon. See Bbth-dagon.
Caphareooho. See Kephar-Akko.
CapharetSBa, a village of Samaria, the native place of the heretic Menander, according to Justin
Martyr {ILawxapirata^ ApoL ii), but Eusebins {EctL ffist, iii, 26) cites the name somewhat differently (Kairaparraia), and Theodoret (Compmd. Hceret. Fab. ii) has Chabm (Kajiptd) ; so that the place is altogeth- er doubtful.
CaphargamiUa (prob. village of the canul), a vil- lage said to have been situated 20 miles from Jerusa- lem ; the native place of the presbyter Lucian, who wrote the memoir concerning the remains of St. Ste- phen, about the fifth century (Reland, PaleesL p. 688); but thought by Cotovicus (/fm. p. 284) to be the name of a person. See Capharsalama.
CaphamJSiim. See Capernaum.
Caphararla. See Capharorsa.
Capharorsa, a place (l!iairap6paa fbr Ka^opop- <rd) named by Ptolemy as a town of Idumea west of the Jordan, and thought by Reland (Palctst. p. 690) to tw the Capkararia (or Cepenria) placed in the Peu- tinger Table between JeruuBalem and Ashkalon. See Ceperaria. It is possibly the same with Caphar- Zacharia (q. v.).
Capharsliba. See Ahtipatris.
Capharsal'ama (Xa^paaXapa v. r. TLa^apoa- papcif appar. for K^^l^ *^fi3, "village of peace"), a place where Nicanor's troops were cut to pieces by Ju- das Maccabasus (1 Mace, vii, 81). Josephus, in the parallel account {Ant. xii, 10, 4), calls it a village (Kut^rj Ka^apaaXapd). Reland suggests (Palatt. p. 690) that it may have been the same with the Caphar Gamala (q. v.) where the presbyter Lucian was bean, or the Caphar-temelia mentioned in his writings. Ho also adduces an allusion from the Talmud {Aboda So' ra^ folio 44, col. 4) to a wine-growing village, Kfphar- Salam (pbv *^&3), doubtless the same. From the fu- gitives in the above battle having taken refuge in the "city of David," it would appear to have been near Jerusalem ; hence it is possible that it was the village near Siloam (q. v.), the Arabic name of which is Kffr- seltcdn. Ewald places it north of Ramla, on the Sa- maritan boundary {Gesch, Itr. iv, 368, note), but this is quite arbitraiy.
Caphar-Sorech. See Sorek. Caphart5ba. See Eephar-Tebi.
Caphar-Zaoharias ("village of Zacbarias"), a place mentioned by Sozomen {fliat. Eccl. ix, 17) as lying in the region of Eleutheropolis, and apparently visited by Willibald on his way from Gaza to Hebron {Travels^ p. 20, Bohn). It seems to have been differ- ent from the Bath-Zacharias (q. v.) of the Apocrypha (1 Mace, vi, 32) and Josephus (Ant. xii, 9, 4). It is probably the modem Kefr Zekaria (Robinson, Be- searckea, ii, 34), a village on the north side of Wady Surot, opposite Tell Zacharia, about half way between Jerusalem and Ashkelon (Van de Velde, Narrative, ii, 192). See Capharorsa.
Caphen^'atha (Xa<f>€va9a), a place apparently close to and on the east side of Jerusalem, which was repaired by Jonathan Maccabsus (1 Mace, xii, 37). The name seems to be derived from Ktl'^dfiS, kaph' nitha^, the Chaldee word for the tmripe date (Buxtorf, Lex. Talm. col. 1071), and thus has a remarkable corre- spondence with the names of Bethany (house of dates), Bethphage (house of figs), and of the Mount of Olives itself, on which the three were situated — all testifying to the ancient fruitfulness of the place (comp. Schwarz, Palest, p. 256).
CaphSthra (Ka^f^po), a pretentious little town (\l/evdowo\ixviov) in Upper Idumna, apparently not £Eir from Capharabis (q. v.), taken and burnt by Cerea- lis, the genera) of Vespasian (Josephus, ITar, iv, 9, 9). The name occun with considerable variety in the texts (Ka0e^oa/iic, etc., HudsQU, in loc.)^ and Petms ApoUonius {De exdd, Hieros, iii, 65) gives it simply
CAPHIRA
103
CAPHTOR
as Cc^pkara, from which it seems possible that the Bcriptuial GHKPUtBAH (q. T.) may be intended.
Caphi'ra (Ka^tipa), a place whose inhabitants returned from Babylon (1 Esdr. v, 19) ; evidently the Chephibah (q. v.) of the Hebrew text (Ezra ii, 25).
Caph'thorim (1 Chron. 1, 12). See Caphtobim.
Caph'tor (Heb. Kaphtor\ ^"iFiM C^Pl^S in Dent], a cht^plety as in Amos ix, 1, etc. ; Sept. Kaw- va^ocia,ynlg. Cappadoad)^ a maritime countoy thrice mentioned as the primitive seat of the Philistines (Deot ii, 28 ; Jer. xlvii, 4 ; Amos ix, 7), who are once called Caphtorim (Dent, ii, 28), as of the same race as the Mizraite people of that name (Gen. x, 14 ; 1 Chron. i, 12). There has been a great diversity of opinion with regard to the exact situation of that conntiy (see ^rnoni^ Onom, F. T, p. 441). See Caphtorim.
1. The general opinion that Oaphthor was Cappado- eia (not ib» city Cappadoda, or Capkiora in Phoenicia, gee Scholtz, Lot. v, 466) is, npon the whole, founded more on the ancient versions of the Bible, such as the Septnagint and the Targoms, than on any sound argu- ment (see Bochart, Phakg^ iv, 82; Miller, Syntoffm, Bemeneut, p. 167 sq. ; Strauss, ad Zephamohy p. 47). Against this opinion have been urged : (1) The author- ity of Joeephus {AfU. i, 6, 2), who seems to seek Caph- tor somewhere between Egypt and Ethiopia ; (2) that the Caphtorim came originally from Egypt, from which Cappadocia is so fkr removed that it seems high- ly unprobable that an Egyptian colony should first have emigrated thither, and then again removed to Palestine, still more remote; (8) that Caphtor and Cappadocia are Tory dissimilar names (but see Heeren in the CommenU, Soe, GoU. xiii, 88; Jablonsky, Opusc, ill, 1 sq. ; Gesenins, Thesaur. p. 709 ; E6ster, Erlduter. p. 157 sq.) even in sound; (4) that Caphtor is (Jer. xlvii, 4) designated as an island C^K), though *^K some- thnee also signifies a coast. See Cappadocia.