Clbbks, Apostolical. See Jesuits.
Clbbks, MmoB. See Fbanciscahs.
Clbbks of St. BfAJOLus, a religious order of tfa« sixteenth iientury in Italy, founded by Jerome .£aiili- anus, and approved by Paul IV. They gave tfaea- selves to the religious instruction of the yoong asd the ignorant.
Clebks OP St. Paul. See Babnabttbs.
Clbbks, Reoulab. See Canons and BxamASA.
Clbbks, Theatine. See THSATncES.
Clennont, a city of Auvergne, France, where a council was held in 1095 and 1096, confirming Ae councils of Pope Urban. A crusade was also recosi- mended, and King Philip excommunicated. The coon- cil was attended by 4 archbishops, 225 bishopa, and aa immense number of lower clergy and laity.
CLERMOKT MANUSCRIPT (Codex Clabo- MONTANUS, known as Cod. D of the Pauline Eptstlea, No. 107 of the Imperial Library at Paris), an andal MS., with the Greek and Latin on opposite pages, cob- taining Paul's fourteen epistles, with a few hiatsa, most of which have been supplied at various dates. The Epistle to the Coloesians stands before that to the Philippians, and Hebrews after the Pastoral Epistka. The MS. is stichometrically arranged, with twenty-one lines on almost every page The citations frtxn the 0. T. are written in red, except in Hebrews. It seems to belong to the sixth century. It probably came from a Latin scribe, with a Greek copy. The original writer made several alterations, then the whole of the Greek text was corrected (apparently in the seventh century) by the first reviser. Two others (in diflerent handwriting) made a few changes, one of them onlj in the Gre^ text. But the fourth corrector went over the whole text, adding the breathings and aoosBta, and erasing whatever displeased him. Besides tteae there are occasional alterations and rmtoraikm by later hands.
Beza says that he procured this MS. from ClezmoBt, in the diooese of Beauvais (nthence its n^e), a i
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ment which Wetstein imneceflflarily fanpogns. After Beza'B deathf it {Mssed into the library of Uie brothers Jacqnes and Pierre du Pay, the fbrmer of wliom being librarian to the king of ^«nce, and dying in 1666, it was porchaaed and deposited in the Ro3ral Library at Paris. In the early part of the eighteenth oentnry, 35 leaTes were cut oat of this MS. by John Aymon, an q)ostate priest, who sold one of them to Stosch in Hol- land, and the others fell into the hands of the biblio- graphical Earl of Oxford. Both these parchasers, on learning the theft, restored the leaves to their proper place. Beza made some use of this document; Walton's
i\%M inserted 2245 readings sent by the Du Puyt to Usher (Biill, N, T, prolog. § 1284); Wetstein col- lated it twice (1715-16); Tregellas examined it in 1849; and Tischendorf published the text entire in 1852. It is one of the most raluable in sacied criti- cism.—ScriTener, /jt^TMi. to iV, 7*. p. 180 sq. See
HAVI78CBIPT8, BiBLIOAL.
CletOA, the name of one said to have been a bishop of Rome in the first century, but whether the same with Anacletas or not, and what bis position in the
order of succession, are points wholly unsettled.
Migne, s. v. Anadet. ; Wetzer u. Welte, KinAm-JAx, ii, 626 ; Herzog, JUal^Encgk. ii, 157 ; Gieeeler, Ck. HiH. per. i, div. i, ch. iU, § 84, n. 10. See Afaclbtus.
Cliit See Cleft.
ClimaouB, John. See John Cumacub.
Climato. See Palbstinb.
Clinic BAPTISM. Baptism on a sick-bed was so called, from jcXcvi}, a bed, and was allowed in the case of one already a candidate for baptism whoee life was endangered; but if be recovered, he was not held eligible to orders. The first instance of clinic baptism is found in a letter ttom. the Roman bish- op Comellns (about 260) to Bishop Fabius at Anti^ och, in which it is stated that **when Novatian, who had only received the hapUmiuM eUmcontm^ and with- out a subsequent imposition of hands by the bishop, had been ordained priest by a predecessor of Cor- nelius, the whole clergy and the people had pro- tested on the ground that it was not permitted to ordain any one a clergyman who, like him (Nova- tian), had received baptism only upon the sick-bed ; that, however, the bishop had asked to allow an excep- tion hi this case" (Euseb. Hitt, EccL i, 648). The same principle was expressed in 814 by the Synod of Neo- CsBsarea, and reasserted by a Paris synod in 829. Bish- op Cornelius, in the letter above referred to, even hes- itated to consider a clinic baptism as valid and effi- cient ; " (/;** he says, " of such a one (cimiais), it can be said at all that he has received baptism.*' Similar doubts were expressed by others; but, on the other hand, Cyprian strongly insisted that a clinic baptism was just as valid and efficient as any other {Epiti, 76). Wetzer u. Welte, Kirch.'Lex. ii, 686; Hercog, 8vj^ ii, 595; Bergier, s. v. Cliniques; Bingham, (kiff.Ecd. b. xi, di. ii, § 5 ; Mosheim, Commeniaries^ cent, iii, § 16.
Clitos (KXtcroc), a rash young man, who was com- pelled by Josephus, when commander in Qalilee, to cut off one of his own hands, as a punishment for ex- citing a revolt in Tiberias (Joseph. X(fc, § 84; War, 11,21,10).