Meat does not appear ever to have been cata ", it«elf ; various accompaniments are noticed is S^ ture, as bread, milk, and sour milk (Gen. xruL * bread and broth (Judg. vi, 19); and with fiib fs&s bread (Matt xiv, 19 ; xv, 36 ; John xxi, 9) or ItBr- comb (Luke xxiv, 42): the instance in 2 SciB.r:> cannot be relied on, as the term "^BISK, Teaderei c the A. y. a good piece ofjle^ after tiie Tolg., ctf^^ bitmUB oami$, means simply a portioii or mcnare. as may apply to wine as well as meat. For the sxris of preparing meat, see Cookino ; snd for the tiM and manner of eating, Msals ; see also Fob, Foti. etc
To pass from ordinary to ocraHionsI tooiest ef sii^ sistence : prison diet consisted of bread and witer^ ministered in small quantities (1 Kings xxii, 27; ie xxxvii, 21) ; pulse and water was considered bet b- tie better (Dan. i, 12) : in time of sorrow or fiistJcf i was usual to abstain either altogether from feoc t Sam. xii, 17, 20), or frt>m meat, wine, and othff iA cacies, which were described as KlT^Tan cnV BtenDr bread ofdeaires (Dan. x, 8). In time of extrew fer- ine the most loathsome food was swallowed, sod a an ass's head (2 Kings vi, 25), the ass, it most be n- membered, being an unclean animal (for a ^rStt case, comp. Plutarch, Artasxrx. 24), and dove's is^ (see the article on that subject), the dang of cattk (> sephus, War, v, 18, 7), and even possibly their c»: dung (2 Kings xviii, 27). The consumption of bisc flesh was not altogether unknown (2 Kings n^; comp. Josephus, War, vi, 8, 4), the passages q^^ supplying instances of the exact fulfilment of tkp^ diction in Deut, xxviii, 56, 57 ; comp. also LaiD.n.?'> iv, 10; Ezek. v, 10. See Food.
With regard to the beverages used by the Heti^i^ we have already mentioned milk, and the prt^^ use of bariey-water, and of a mixture, rcsemUiagi^ modem sherbet, formed of fig-cake and water. Tb* Hebrews probably resembled the Arabs in not dmk- ing much during their meals, but concluding t^ with a long draught of water. It is almost needled to say that water was most generally drank. In t^ tton to these, the Hebrews were acquainted with rio- ous intoxicating liquors, the most valued of irhkbT* the juice of the grape, while others were described o-
DIET
799
DIET
the c^eneral .tenn of duhar^ or ttrong drink (Lev. ; l^mn. ti, 8 ; Jadg. ziii, 4, 7), if^ indeed, the lat- does not sometimes inclade the former (Nam. iii, 7). These were reserved for the wealthy, or bstive occasions ; the poor consmned a sour wine ST. ** vinegar;" Roth ii, 14; Matt, xxvii, 48), cal- ted to quench thirst, bnt not agreeable to the taste »v. X, 26^ — Smith, s. y. Food. See Bevbbaob. Het (d*^ day ; Grerman JUichttag), the assembly he states of Germany. The Diet shared with the >eror the rights of sovereignty, except in a few ►s reserved to the emperor. It consisted of three ef^es — electors, princes, and tree cities. To be d, a resolution had to be adopted by all the three eg^es, and to be sanctioned by the emperor. In a blcalar college a majority of votes was in most 3S sufficient, bnt religions questions formed an ex- tion. See Cobpus Gatholicobum and Gobpus ANOKL.ICOBUM. The elector of Mainz, as arch- in cellor of the empire, was director of the Diet, rhe following list (taken fh>m Buck, Theological rtionary^f and from Farrar, EccUsiasUcdl Dictionary) ludcs tiie chief Diets held in reference to the affairs ;he Reformation.
L. The I>iet qf WbmUy in 1521, in which Alexander, : pope* 8 nuncio, having charged Luther with heresy, i duke of Saxony said that Luther ought to be heaid. lis the emperor granted, and sent him a pass, provid- he would not preach on the journey. On Luther's rival at Worms, he protested that he would not re- nt unless they would show him his errors from the brd of Ck)d alone. He was consequently ordered ray from Worms, and, by an edict of the 26th of ay, he was outlawed.
2. The Firgi Diet of Nuremberg, in 1628, when Fran- i Chieregati, Adrian the Sixth's nuncio, demanded le execution of Leo the Tenth's bull, and of Gharles e Fifth's edict, published at Worms, against Luther, was answered that it was necessary to call a council 1 Germany to satisfy the nation respecting its griev- ices, which were reduced to one hundred articles, •me of which struck at the pope's authority and the iscipline of the Roman Ghurch : they added that in le interim the Lutherans should be commanded not » write against the Romanists. All these things ere brought into the form of an edict, and published I the emperor's name.
8. The Second Diet of NurembergjinlbU, Cardinal lampeggio, pope Clement the Seventh's nuncio^ en- ured the town incognito for fear of exasperating the eople. The Lutherans having the advantage, it was lecreed that, with the emperor's consent, the pope hould call a council in Germany ; but, in the interim, n assembly should be held at Spire, to determine rbat was to be believed and practised ; and that, to bey the emperor, the princes ought to order the ob- ervance of the edict of Worms as strictly as they »>ald. Charles Y., being angry at this, commanded he edict of Worms to be observed very strictly, and irohibited the assembly at Spire.