Hezekiah (q. v.) suffered, according to our version, from a boil (2 Kings xx, 7). The term here used, l^niZJ, skickin', means literally inflammation; but we have no means of identifying it with what we call boil (q.v).
The disease of Jehoram (q. v.), spoken of in 2 Chron. xxl, 18 (comp. the similar case of Herod, Acts xii, 28), is probably referable to chronic dysentery, which some- times occasions an exudation of fibrine fh>m the inner coats of the intestines. The fluid flbrine thus exuded coagulates into a continuous tubular membrane, of the same shape as the intestine itself, and as such is ex- pelled. This form of the disease has been noticed by Dr. Good under the name of diarrhaa tuhularis (Study of Med, i, 287). A precisely similar formation of &lse membranes, as they are termed, takes place in the windpipe in severe cases of croup.
The malady of Nebuchadnezzar (q. v.), alluded to in Dan. iv, 88, was a species of melancholy monoma- nia, called by medical authors eoanikrcpia, or more commonly lycasUhropia, because the transformation into a wolf was the most ordinary illusion. Esquirol considers it to have originated in the ancient custom of sacrificing animals. But, whatever effect this prac- tice might have had at the time, the cases recorded are independent of any such influence ; and it really does not seem necessary to trace this particular hallucina- tion to a remote historical cause, when we remember that the imaginary transformations into inanimate ob- jects, such as glass, butter, etc., which are of every-day occurrence, are equally irreconcilable with the natund instincts of the mind. The same author relates that a nobleman of the court of Louis XIV was in the habit of frequently putting his head out of a window, in or- der to satisfy the urgent desire he had to bark (Esqui- rol, Maladies Mentales, i, 622). Calmet informs us that the nuns of a German convent were transformed into cats, and went mewing over the whole house at a fixed hour of the day.
On the cases of persons possessed with unclean spir- its, see DwEMONiAC. For other specifications of dis- ease in the Bible, see Blains ; Botch ; Flux ; Hjem-
DISH
820
DISPENSATION
0BRH0ID8; MuBRAnc; Bloodt Sweat; Palsy ; Lame ; Impotent ; Withered ; Lice, etc. On the methods practised by the ancient and modem Orien- tals for curing diseases, see Hbalimo; Mbdiocie; Physician, etc. The following special treatises exist on the subject : Bfichaelis, Lex MoMtica de,morbit Ulus- trata (Gott 1767; also in his Syntagma, ii. No. 4); Ader, De morbit in N, T, (Tolet. 1621) ; Bartholinus, De Morbis BibUcit (F. ad M. 1697, 1705, etc.); Eschen- bach, Scripta maUco-biblia (Rost. 1779) ; Jordan, De divino in morbii (F. ad V. 1651) ; Mead, Medica §acra (Amst. 1749 ; in German, Leipz. 1777) ; Richter, iX»- fcrW. medica (Gotting. 1775) ; Anon. Untertuch. med, hermen. (Leipz. 1794) ; Warliz, De morbie BibUcis (Vi- teb.1714); WoU,VondenKrankkeitenderJuden(hl»nji, 1777). See further under Sicksbss.
Diah stands in the Auth. Vers, as the translation of the following terms in the original Scriptures: b^D (ae'pkely something low, a " dish*' of curdled milk, Judg. V, 25; or "bowl" of water, Judg. vi, 38), prob- ably a flat and not very deep or large vessel or pan for fluids ; nn^^ {tedUacli ath, somediing to pour into, a "dish" for eating firom, 2 Kings xsi, 18; incorrectly rendered " bosom" in Ptot. xix, 24 ; xzvi, 15, in de- scribing the slothful glutton), probably a platter^ as the kindred terms (nnbsc, "pan," 2 Chron. xxxv, 13; n'^rib^, "cruse,*' 2 Kings ii, 20) signify in general ; but the most usual term is M*^3?p {kedrah% something deepy, spoken of the silver "dishes" of the Tabernacle (Exod. XXV, 29; xxxvii, 16; Num. iv, 7 ; rendered a "charger" in Num. vii), translated by the Sept rpw- pKioVj which is the term rendered "dish** in Matt. xxvi,2d; Markxiv,20. These last terms agree with the form of the Egyptian dish as found on the monu- ments. The dishes have covers, and the manner in which they are carried by the servants to the table on the reverted hand is the mode still used by Eastern servants. The other terms probably represent differ-
Andent Egyptian Dinner-dish.
ent forms of dishes such as, are now in use among the Eastern nations. See Sitttff-dish. The sites of such
'^
Modem Oriental Dishes.
ancient towns as were built of sun-dried bricks are usually covered with broken potsherds, some of them large enough to indicate the form of the entire vessel. These are reroarlcably similar to those in modem use, and are for the most part made of a rather coarse earthenware, covered with a compact and strong glaze, with bright colors, mostly green, blue, or yellow. Dishes and other vessels of copper, coarsely but thick- ly tinned, are now much used In the East,*bnt how far this may have been anciently the case we have not the means of knowing. See Cup ; Bowl ; Bottle ;
Andent AMTrian Dish of bronze.
Cruse ; Pan ; Pitcheb ; FiA|ov, etc ^naa bronze dishes hsTc \m been discovered bj I^ and otiiers in the iim« mounds, some cotin u others m fngmcBta,!^ show a hi^ degree tf 4 gance and skill (Lra. A'mi. <mi BA. p. 1^ «, In andeot Egjpt, sad m in Jndsa, gneits it tbr &■ ble handled their Mitt the fingers, but ipoown used for soop or otbff b^ food, when reqviied (Vi kinson, il ac .^Sft i, la 31 ed.). The same iitki<» in modem Egrpt hi person breaks off a small piece of bread, dipt kin Ai dish, and then conveys it to his mouth, to^^tkr lict a small portion of the meat or other coated 4i» dish. To pick out a delicate morsel sod haad it 1 1 friend is esteemed a compliment, and to refon Mi an offering is contrary to good maunem Jodae ta- ping his hand in the same dish widi our Lord vi showing especial friendliness and btiiiiacj (Ijk Mod. Egypt, i, 193; Chardin,Foy. iv, 63, M; Kiekk Deter, de fArab. p. 46). See BAsni ; CBiion.