EPHPHATHA
249 EPHRAEM MANUSCRIPT
ed to it in Judg. xviii, 31, to represent the Urim and Thummim, the molten image, and tlie Teraphim (xvii, 4, 5), and -vvoukl require a large consumption of met- al? The ephod was worn over the tunic and outer garment or pallium (Exod. xxviii, 31 ; xxix, 5), with- out sleeves, and divided below the armpits into two parts or halves, of which one was in front, covering the breast and belh', and the other behind, covering the back. These were joined above on the shoulders by clasps or buckles of gold and precious stones, and reached down to the middle of the thighs ; they were also made fast b}' a belt around the bod}' (Exod. xviii, G-l"2). The ancient Egyptian priests appear to have been arrayed in white garments of the same materials. The hieri)f/rammat, or sacred scribe, especially wore, over the kelt or apron (corresponding to the Jewish sacerdotal "breeches" or drawers) which constituted the universal nether undergarment, a loose upper robe with full sleeves, which in all cases was of the finest linen, and was secured by a girdle round the loins. Sometimes a priest who offered incense was clad in like manner. At other times the priests wore, in ad- dition to the apron, a sliirt with short tight sleeves, over which was thrown a loose robe, leaving the right arm exposed (Wilkinson, Ancient Egypt, i, 334). See
HiGII-PRIEST.
Andent Egyptian Tunic. One of the two obtained by Gen. Jieynier, when in Kgypt with the Fiench expedition, from the Arabs at Sakkarah, who said they had found them in a hole filled with sand. This is three feet square, shaped ex- actly like a modern shirt., but having patches of embroidery sewed upon the arms, shoulders, down the nfck, and on the corners. The material is probably linen. The seams .ire covered with edging, the sleeves are bound, and the hole foi the neck has strings for drawing it closer (^Kiniptian Aiititj. ii, 119). Its resemblance to the Jewish ephod is very strik- ing, especially if, as Joseplius says {lit *?yj.), the latter had sleeves.
Ancient Egyptian sacred (Joat.
Eph'phatha (t00o3-«, a Gra}cized form of the Syro-Chaldoe imperative nrsn or HrEX, strictly nrETN, mauling be opmed, as it is immediately in- terpreted), an exclamation uttered by Christ in curing the deaf-mute (Mark vii, 34)o
Ephraem Manuscript (Codex Ephraemi, usu- ally designated as C. of the New Test.), a very inipor- ^ tant uncial palimpsest, which derives its name from ha\'ing been (about the 12th century) rewritten over with a portion of the Greek works of Ephra- em the Syrian (q. v.). It seems to have been brought from the East bj^ Andrew John Lascar, at whose death (A.D. 1535) it passed into the hands of cardinal Nicolas Ki- dolfi, and thence, through Pie- 1^ W ^K Z. o tro Strozzi, into the posses- \ k* fe§l\^L ^ o ^^^^ °^ Catharine de Medici, \ .^^ ..v «0 l^.i who deposited it in the Roj'al .§. i Library at Paris, where it '^ 13 still remains (numbered MS. f ^ 9). The old Greek writing, gf which is barely legil)le (hav- ~— ing been partly effaced to b 5 make room for the later mat-
("^ ^ 0{ T - *''^^) contains portions of the OT" (fi^ '''° Sept. version of the O. T. on f' 'Z' rafi S^ 64 leaves, and fragments '^'^ (enumerated in Scrivener's .J 3 Introd. p. 94 note) of every b o part of the N. T. on 145 *■= leaves. It is elegantly writ- •- I. ten, verj' much resembling p t^ in form and arrangement of -S I the books and general ap- °'^ pearance the Codex Alexan- i'3 drinus, and has but one col- 3 1:1 nmn on a page, consisting of |,| 40 to 46 lines. The charac- g ^ ters vary in size, are some-
0 Sg what elaborate, and liave the °< characteristics of the Alex- ° i andrian recension, and of the ^ ? 5th centurj'. The Ammoni- — 'o an sections stand in the mar-
§.™ gin, but not the Eusebian ^.1^ canons; the latter, perhaps, ^ a having been washed out, as ° ° they were usuallj- in red ink. ~S There are no chapter divis- ^^ ions, and l)ut few punctua- 1^ tion marks. Traces of at ^ S least three later eoiTectors '^^'/? maj' be discovered ; the first, ^^ I perhaps of the 6th' century, is 2 inserted many accents, and ■i'Pf the ?Y)i'/9A breathing ; by him b^ Z or the third hand (whose "" p changes are but few), small .2 a crosses were interpolated as ■5 S stops ; the second reviser, not c '& earlier than the 9th centur}^ "^ •-. appears to have clumsily add-
1 d cd the ecclesiastical notes in p the margin. A chemical
preparation, applied to the MS. at the instance of Fleck in 1834, though it revived much that was before illegi- ble, has defaced the vellum with stains of various color. The older writing was first noticed bj' Peter Allix near- ly two centuries ago ; vari- ous readings extracted from it were communicated l)y Boivin to Kuster, who published them in his edition of Mill's N. T., 1711. A complete collation of the N.- T. portion was first made by Wetstein in 1716, for