The Council of Chalcedon (A.D. 451) adopted the doctrine stated by pope Leo in his letter to Flavianus [see Leo], viz. in substance, "that in Christ two dis- tinct natures were united in one person, without any change, mixture, or confusion." The Creed of Chal- cedon states that '" the one Son of God, our Lord Jesus Christ, is of one substance with the Father according to the Godhead, and of one substance with us accord- ing to the manhood — like to us in all things except sin ; one and the same Christ, Son, Lord, Onlj'-begot- ten, in two natures, without confusion, without con- version, witliout division, without separation — the dif- ference of the natures not being taken away by reason of the unity, but the propriety of each being preserved and joined together to form one person." The creed of the council was not by anj' means universalh' re- ceived in the East. But the name Eutychianism gave Mray to that of Monophysitism. The ecclesiastical or- ganizations adhering to the heresy are commonly known by the names of Jacobites, Armenian Church, Copts, and Al)yssinian Church (see the special articles on these churches). For a sketch of the fortunes of the theory known as Eutychianism, see ]\Ioxophy- siTES. See also Chalcedon ; Ciieistology ; Eu- tyches ; DioscuRos ; and consult Pearson, On the Creed (Oxford, 1820), ii, 179 sq. ; Schaff, Ck. History, 1. c. ; Waterland, Works (Oxford), iii, 115, 411; He- fele, Concilie/ujeschichte, ii, 240 et al. ; Baur, Dogmert- geschichte, i, 2, 256 sq. ; Cunningham, Historical The- olofty, ch. x, § 1.
Eutychianus, pope and martyr, succeeded Felix I, bishop of Rome, Jan. 275 ; died as martyr or con- fessor Dec. 8, 283. Some decretals are ascribed to him,
EUTYCinUS
366 EVAGRIUS SCHOLASTICUS
which may be found in ]\Iigne's ed. of the remains of Sixti Papie, et al. {Patrol. Lafina, vol. v).
Eutychius of Constantinople "was originally a monk of tho town of Amaseia, whence he was sent by his f^'lluw-citizens to Constantinople as proxy for their bishop. The great talent lu' displayed in some theo- lof^ical controversy gained liini general admiration, and tlie emperor, in A.D. 553, raised him to the highest dignity in the Church at Constantinople. In the same year lie accordingly presided at an oecumenical synod which was held in that city. In A.D. 5Gi he incurred the anger of the emperor Justinian by refusing to give his assent to a decree respecting the incorruptibility of the body of Christ previous to his resurrection, and was expelled from his see in consequence. He was at first confined in a monaster}^, then transported to an island, Princepo, and at last to his original convent, Amaseia. In 578 the emperor Tiberius restored him to his see, which he henceforth retained until his death in 585, at the age of 73. There is extant by him a letter addressed to pope Vigilius on the occasion of his elevation in A.D. 553. It is printed in Greek and Latin among the Acta Sipiodi quintce Concil. v, 425, etc. He also wrote some other treatises, wdiich, however, are lost" (Smith, Diet, of Biography, s. v.). — Evagrius, Hist. Eccl. iv, 38 ; Cave,' Hist. Lit. (Genev. 1720) i, 341.
Eutychius, patriarch of Alexandria, was born at Fostat (ancient Cairo) in 876. His Arabic name was Sa'id-ibii-Batrih. He was original!}' a physician, ap- plied himselfto the study of theolog}' towards the close of his life, and was elected Melchite (or orthodox) patri- arch of Alexandria in 033, and died about A.D. 946. He wrote, in Arabic, a Chronicle or Annals from the cre- ation of the world to A.D. 937, under the Arabic title Nathm-el-Gauhnr, String of Pearh ; translated and ed- ited by E. Pococke under the title Contextio Gemma- rum, sive Annates, Arab, et Lat. (Oxonii, 1658-59, some copies lfi56-64, 2 vols. 4to) : — Fragmenia duo de Pas- chate, et de SS. Eucharistiie instltutione (in Mai, Script. Vet. i.x, 623). Selden published an extract under the title Ecclesim suce origines, ex Arabico cum vers. Lat. (Lond. 1642, 4to), to which Abraham Ecchelensis re- plied in Eutychius Vindicatns, sive Responsio ad J. Sel- deni Origines (Rom. 1661, 4to). — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, xvi, 810 ; Graesse, Tresor de Livres Pares, i, 530.
Eu'tychiis (EuTVXoQ, of good fortune, a frequent name; see Josephus, Ant. xviii, 6, 5; xix, 4, 4), a young man of Troas, who sat in the open window of the third floor while Paul was preaching late in the night, and who, being overcome by sleep, fell out into the court below, May, A.D. 55. He was " taken up dead" (i'lpfti) vcKpotf) ; but the apostle, going down, extended himself upon the body and embraced it, like the prophets of old (1 Kings xvii, 21 ; 2 Kings iv, 34) ; and when he felt the signs of returning life, restored liim to his friends, with the assurance that " his life was in him." Before Paul departed in the morning the youth was brought to him alive and well (Acts XX, 5-12). All the intimations of tlie narrative forbid us for a moment to entertain the view of those critics who suppose that animation was merel}- suspended (Bloomlicld, Hackctt, in loc). See Paul.
Mr. Jowett states that, during his residence at Hai- vali in May, 1818, the house in which ho al)ode gave him a correct idea of the falling of Eutychus from the upper loft while Paul was preaching at Troas. "Ac- cording to our idea of houses," lie remarks, "the scene of ICiityclius's falling from the upper loft is vcrj' far from intelligible ; and besides this, tlie circumstance of preaching generally leaves on the mind of cursory readers the notion of a church. To describe this house, which is not many miles distant from the Troad, and perha])s, from the unchanging character of Oriental customs, nearly resembles the houses then built, will fully illustrate the narrative. On entering my host's