(abridged from Bausset, Lond. 1810, 8vo) ; Tabarcud, Suppl. aux histoires de Bossuet et de Fenelon (Paris, 1^22, 8vu). See also Mackintosh, Ethical Philosophij (Phila- delph. 1832, 8vo), p. 9G sq. ; Quarterly Revietv (Lond.), X, 409 ; Princeton Review, April, 1853, art. i ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Gmirale, xvii, 319 sq. ; Hook, Eccles. Biog. V, 78 sq. ; Matter, Le Mysticisme en France au Temp)s de Fenelon (Par. 18G4) ; Sainte Beuve, Nouv. Lundis (Par. 1864), ii, 113 sq. ; Revue Chriticnne, 1863, 513 .^q. ; Methodist Quarterly Renew, Jan. 1866; Zeitschrift f d. hist. Theologie, 1869, 239.
Penestella, the niche at the side of an altar, con- taining the piscina (q. v.) or water-drain, into which was poured the water in which the priest washed liis hands, and that with which the chalice was rinsed at the celebration of the mass. There is frequently a shelf above the water-drain, on which could be placed certain vessels which were required at the altar. A second niche, at the side of the fenestella, sometimes held the credence-table. In England the fenestella is almost universal)}' at the south side of the altar. (G. F. C)
Fenner, William, B.D., an English Puritan, was born in 1600, and was educated at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. He was appointed rector of liochford, Essex, in 1629, and died about 1640. He was a very popular preacher, and his works, which have become very scarce, are written in a plain, earnest, and im- pressive stjde. The principal are, A Treatise of the Affections ;" or the Soul's Pulse (Lond. 1641, 8vo) :—The Saciifice of the FaHhful; or the Nature, Property, and Efficacy of zealous Prayer (Lond. 1G48, sm. 8vo) : — The spiritual Man's Directory, guiding to true Blessedness in his three maine Duties (Lond. 1649, sm. 8vo), collected, with other writings, in his Works (Lond. 1658, 1 vol. in 2, fol.). — Darling, Cyclopedia Bibliogi-aphica, s. v.
Fereter usuall}' indicates the portable shrine in which the relics of saints are cairied about in proces- sion ; it is also applied to the fixed shrines or tombs in which the bodies or relics of saints are deposited. (G. F. C.)
Feretory, the Inclosure or chapel of a church in which the fereter is placed. (G. F. C.)
Ferguson, Adam, a Scotch philosopher, was born in 1724 at Logierait, Perthshire. He studied at St. Andrew's and at Edinburgh with a view to the Chris- tian ministry. On being ordained, he was appointed chaplain to the 42d regiment, in which he remained till 1757, when he retired, and was appointed keeper of the advocates' library of Edinburgh. In 1759 ho was made professor of natural philosopliy in the col- lege of that city, and in 1764 he was appointed to the chair of moral philosophy, a branch of science to which he had more particulary applied himself. In 1767 he published Essay on the History of Civil Society ; in 1776, Remarks on a Pamphlet of Dr. Price^ entitled Observa- tions on the Nature of Civil Liberty. " In 1778 he was appointed secretary to the commissioners wlio were sent to America in order to trj' to effect a reconcilia- tion with the mother country, an office in which Fer- guson took a clearer view of the state of the question, and of the temper of the American people, than was common at that time with Englishmen. On his re- turn in 1779 he resumed the duties of his professor- ship, and in 1783 he published History of the Progress and the Termination of the Roman Republic (3 vols. 4to)." In 1784 he resigned his professorship. "In 1792 he published Principles of Moral and Political Sci- ence, being cliicfly a retrospect of lectures on ethics and politics, delivered in the College of Edinburgh (2 vols. 4to). Another work of Dr. Ferguson on the same subject, though a more elementary one, the Institutes of Moral Philosophy, y{\nc\\ he first published in 1769, has been translated into the French and German lan- guages, and often reprinted." He died at St. An-
FERGUSON
532
FERRAR
drew's, February 22, ISIG. — Chambers, Encijclopcedla, s. V.
Ferguson, James, minister of Kilwinning, Scot- land, a preacher and commentator of some eminence. Little is known of his life ; he died about 1670. He puljlished Briff Exposition of Philippians and Colossians (1()56): — Brief Erjiosition of Galutians and Ephesians (1G59); and after his death appeared his Brief Exposi- tion ofl and 2 Thessalonians (l()7-i). Orme (^Bihlioth. Bibliai) saj's that these "expositions are uncommonly sensible." They have been republished in one vol- ume (London, 1841, lirge 8vo).
Ferguson, Samuel D., a Methodist Episcopal minister, was born in the city of New York in 1798, liut removed with his jiarents at an earl^' age to Dela- ware County, where he was converted at fourteen. He entered the New York Conference in 1819, and died in New York, December oO, 1855. He was a high- ly influential and useful minister, and an able presid- ing elder. He was three times a delegate to the Gen- eral Conference, in 1832, 1836, and 1844. He served some time as agent for the Troy Conference Seminar)^, and spent four years with eminent success as superin- tendent of the Leake and Watts Orphan House, New Y'ork. — Mimites of Ci inferences^ vi, 64.
Ferloni, Severus Antonius, a Roman ecclesias- tic, born in the States of the Church in 1740. He em- ployed himself for thirty years on a Ilistor>i of the Va- riations in the Discipline of the Church, which was to form 30 vols., and was on the point of completion when the French armj^ entered Kome in 1798. His papers were destroyed and his labor lost. Ferloni was soon after engaged on the side of 'Napoleon, wrote homilies in his favor, and was made theologian to the privy council of the vicero}- at Milan. Among other things he wrote a treatise De Auctoi-itate Ecclesice, maintain- ing French views, but the censors would not allow it to appear. He died at Milan, 1813. — Migne, Biogra- phie Chret. s. v.