Fillan, St. "Two Scoto-Irish saints of the name of Fillan appear in the Church calendars, and have left their mark -on the topography of Scotland and Ire- land. (1.) St. Fillan, or Faolan, surnamed the Lep- er, had his yearly festival on the 20th of June. His chief church in Scotland was at the east end of Loch Erne, in Perthshire, where ' St. Fillan's Well' was long believed to have supernatural powers of healing. A seat in the rock of Dunfillan still keeps the name of ' St. Fillan's Chair ;' and two cavities beside it are said to have been hollowed \>y St. Fillan's knees in prayer. His Irish church is at Ballyheyland (anciently called Killhelan or Kill Faelain), in the baronj' of Cullenagh, in Queen's County. (2.) St. Fill.vn, the abbot, the son of St. Kentigerna of Inchcaileoch, in Loch Lomond, lived in the 8tli centuiy, and had his 3-early festival on the 7th or 9tli of January. His church in Ireland was at Cluain IMaoscna.in Fartullach,in the county of West- meath. His chief church in Scotland was in Perth- shire, in the upper part of Glendochart, whicli takes from him the name of StrathfiUan. Here a well-en- dowed prioiy, dedicated in his honor, was repaired or rebuilt in the beginning of the 14th century. King Robert Bruce made a grant of money to the work, in gratitude, proliably, for the miraculous encouragement which he was said to have received on the eve of Ban- nockburn from a relic of the saint — one of his arm-bones enclosed in a silver case. Another relic of St. Fillan's — tlie silver head of his crosier or pastoral staff— has been preserved to our time. It is called the ' Coyger- ach' or 'Quigrich,' and appears in record as earh* as the j-ear 1428, when it was in the hereditarv keeping of 'a family named Jore or Dewar, who were believed to have been its keeiiers from the time of king Robert Bruce. They had half a boll of meal yearly from ev- ery jiarishioner of Glendochart who held a nierk land, and smaller quantities from smaller tenants ; and tliey were bound, in return, to follow the stolen cattle of the parishioners wherever their traces could be found with- in the realm of Scotland. The Quigrich, besides its virtues in the detection of theft, was venerated also for its miraculous powers of healing. In 1487, the right of keeping it was cdulirnicd to ^Malice Doire or Dewar by king James III in a charter, which was presented for registration among the public records of Scotland
FILLET
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FINING-POT
so latel}' as the year 1734. Sixt}' years later, the Quigrich still commanded reverence ; but its healing virtues were now only tried on cattle, and its once op- ulent keepers had fallen to the rank of farm-laborers. It was publicly exliibited in Edinburgh in the year 1818, before being carried to Canada, where it now is, in the hands of a descendant of its old custodians, a farmer named Alexander Dewar. He puts such a value on the relic that he has hitherto refused to part ■with it for less than £400 sterling, or 1000 acres of Canadian land. It has been recently figured and de- scribed bj'^ Dr. Daniel Wilson in a paper in the Cana- dian Journal, No. xxiv, reprinted in a pamphlet, with the title of The Qulr/rkh, or Crosier of St. Fillan (To- ronto, 1859) ; and in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. iii, pt. ii, p. 233, plate xxvi (Edinb. 1861). A linn in the river Fillan or Dochart, in Strathlillan, was long believed to work wonderful cures on insane persons, who were immersed in the stream at sunset, and left bound hand and foot till sun- rise in the ruins of the neighboring church of St. Fil- lan. A hand-bell, which bore the name of St. Fillan, was also believed to work mii'acles" (Chambers, /o'wc^- clopcedia, s. v.
Fillet is an erroneous translation in the A. Y. of two Ileb. words : B^pCH, chashukim' , joinings (comp. Exod. xxxviii, 17, 28 ; xxvii, 17), the poles or rods Avhich served to join together the tops of the columns around the court of the tabernacle (q. v.), and from which the curtains were suspended (Exod. xxvii, 10, 11; xxxvi, 38; xxxviii, 10, 11, 12, 17,19). H^U, chut, a thread (as elsewhere rendered), a measuring-line 12 cubits long for the circumference of the pillars of cop- per in Solomon's Temple (Jer. Iii, 21). See Column; Garland.
Fillet, a small flat face or band in classical archi- tecture, used to separate mouldings ; in Gothic ar- chitecture, a flat band on a curved moulding, used to decorate a shaft on a X larger moulding. When on the front of a large moulding, it is called its keel ; on the sides, it is called a wing. In the cut, a a a are examples J''"'^'^- of fillets.
Fin (T^33S, senappir', of uncertain etj'mol.), the fin of a fish (q.v.), a distinctive mark of such as might be eaten under the Mosaic law (Lev. xi, 9, 10, 12; Dent, xiv, 9, 10). See Clean.
Final Perseverance. See Perseverance. Fine or mulct for damages (q. v.). In some in- stances, b}' the Mosaic law, the 'amount of a fine, or of an indemnification that was to be made, was deter- mined by the parson who had been injured ; in other instances it was fixed by the judge, and in others was defined by the law (Exod. xxi, 19-oG ; Deut. xxii, 19, 29). Twofold, fourfold, and even fivefold restitution of things stolen, and restitution of property unjustlj' retained, with twenty per cent, over and above, was required. Thus, if a man killed a beast, he was to make it good, beast for beast. This ordinance, ob- serves Jlichaelis (La>rs of Moses, art. 160), appears only incidentally in Lev. xxiv, 18, among criminal laws. If an ox pushed or gored another man's servant to death, his owner was bound to pay for the servant thirty shekels of silver (Exod. xxi, .32). In the case of one man's ox pushing or goring another's to death, it would have been a very intricate point to ascertain which of the two had been to blame for the quarrel, and therefore both owners were ol)liged to bear the loss. The living ox was sold, and the price, together with the dead one, equall}' divided between them (Exod. xxi, 35). If, however, the ox had prcviouslj' been notorious for pushing, and the owner had not IIL— N n