Hail-stoxe (Tin '^X, e'hen barad', a stone of /tail). See above.
Haime, John, a soldier in the English army, and one of iMr. Wesley's preachers. He was born at Shaftes- bury, Dorsetshire, in 171 0, and was bred a gardener, and afterwards a button-maker. From early life he lived in great wickedness, and in constant agony of convic- tion. In 1739 he enlisted in a regiment of dragoons, and some time after he was converted ; but, being very ignorant, he alternately lost and regained his hope, but constantly labored to save others. At last he heard and conversed with Mr. AVesley, much to his comfort. The regiment was sent to Flanders ui 1743, from which time till Feb. 1745, he was in despair and great agony. At that time, while marching into Germany, his evi- dence of pardon returned, and, encouraged by Mr. Wes- ley's letters, he began to jireach in the army. At the battle of Dettingen he showed great gallantry. In May, 1744, the army went to Brussels, and here his labors were the means of a great and remarkable revival in the army and city. I'art of the time Haime had six preachers imdcr him, although the regular chaplains opijosed him. But the duke of Cumberland and gen- eral Ponsonby were his friends and patrons, and liis piety of life, and the valor of his " Jlethodists" in every battle, commanded universal admiration and respect. On the 6tli of April, 1746. he fell into despair, and from
HAIR
23
HAIR
that (late he lived fur twenty years " in ae^ony of soul ;" yet all the time, in Germany, l<]nglantl, Ireland, he ceased not with all the energy of ilesjiair to labor, preaching often 20 or 30 times a week, and seeing thou- sands of souls converted under his efforts, while his own soul was tilled with anguish and darkness. At the end of this time he once more obtained the evidence of ac- ceptance with God. He died Aug. 18, 1784, at Whit- church, in Hampshire. — Jackson, Lires oj' Juirljj Meth- odist Preachers, i, 147 ; Stevens, JJistory of Methodism,
Hair (properly "i^"il\ sear', ^pi'i) is frefpicntly men- tioned in Scripture, chiefly with reference to the head. In scarcely anything has the cajmce of fashion been more s;trikingly displayed than in the ^■a^ions forms which the taste of different countries and ages has pre- scribed for disposing of this natural covering of the head. See Head.
1. Of the more ancient nations, the Egyptians appear to have been the most uniform in their habits regarding it, and, in some respects also, the most peculiar. 'NVe learn from Herodotus (ii, 3G, iii, 12) that they let the hair of their head and beard grow only when they were in mourning, and that they shaved it at other times. Even in the case of young children they were wont to sha\-c the head, leaving only a few locks on the front, siiles, and back, as an emblem of youth. In the case of royal cliildrcn, those on the sides were covered and in- closed in a l)ag, which hung down conspicuously as a badge of princely rank (^Mlliinson, ii, 327, 328). " So
\
Egyptian Manner of wearing the Hair. (From statues of an officer of rank and his wife or sister, 19th dynasty. British Museum.)
particular were they," says Wilkinson, '■ on this point, that to have neglected it was a subject of reproach and ridicule; and whenever they intended to convej' the idea of a man of low condition, or a slovenly person, the artists represented him with a beard" {Ancient Ff/up- tians, iii, 057). Slaves also, Avhen brought from foreign countries, having beards on them at their arrival, '-were obliged to conform to the cleanly habits of their mas- ters; their beards and heads were shaved, and they adopted a close cap." This universal jjractice among the Egj'ptians explains the incidental notice in the life of Joseph, that before going in to Pharaoh he sha\-ed himself ((ien. xli, 14) ; in most other places he would have combed his hair and trimmeil his beard, but on no account have shaved it. The practice was carried there to such a length prob- ably from the tenden- cy of the climate to generate the lleas and other vermin which nestle in the hair ; and hence also the priests, who were to be the highest em- bodiments of cleanli- ness, were wont to shave their whole bodies every third day (Herod, ii, 37). Head-dress of anancient Egyptian It is singular, how- Lady. (From a mummy-case.) ever, and seems to in-
dicate that notions of cleanliness did not alone regulate the practice, that the W(mien still wore thdr nitural hair, long and i)laited, often reaching down in the form of strings to tiie bottom of the shoulder-ldadcs. JIanv of the female mummies have been found with tlitirhair thus plaited, and in good preservation. Tlie nuKkrii ladies of Eg}-pt come but little behind their sisters of olden time in this respect (see Lane's Modern Kr/yp- tians, i, GO). Yet what was remarkable in the iniiab- itants of a hot climate, while they removed thur nat- ural hair, they were accustomed to wear wigs, which were so constructed that '-they far surpassed." says Wilkinson, "tlie comfort and coolness of the modern turban, the reticulated texture of the ground-work on which the hair was fastened allowing the heat of the hcid to escape, while the iiair effectually protected it from the sun" {Anc. E;/ypt.\i\,^iA). JtWphus {I.ije, §11) notices an instance of false liair (TriptOfn) ko^itj) being used for the purpose of disguise. Among the jMedes the wig was worn by the upper classes (Xenoph. C//rop. i, 3, 2). See Hkau-dkkss.