haps in this general range. Schwarz thinks it may be identified with Jebel Madura, on the south frontier of Judah, between tlic south end of the Dead Sea and wady Gaian (^Palestine, p. 20); marked on Robinson's map a little south of the famous pass Nukb cs-Sufah.
Haldane, James Alexander, brother of the following, was born at Duntk-e July 14, 1708. Having imbibed the family passi<!n for the sea, he was apjioint- ed captahi of the Melville Castle in 1793. The vessel, however, did not sail lor four montlis, and during that interval a great change took place in captain Haldane's character. He became serious and thoughtful on the subject of religion, and, having determined to follow the example of his brother, who had already rtliiu|uished the seafaring life, he disposed of his command for £0(100, and his share in the property of the ship and stores for £G000 more. With this fortune of £15,000 he retired with his wife to Scotland in 1794, and gave himself uj) to those religious inquiries which now engrossed his chief concern. Several years elapsed before his views were established; but at length he attained to a knowl- edge of the truth as well as peace in believing. I\Ir. James Haldane, having plenty of time at command, oc- cupied himself with many plans of Christian usefulness; among which the opening of Sabbath-schools, and itin- erant preaching, at first in the villages around Edin- burgh, and afterwards in the other large towns of Scot- land, were the chief. His principal coadjutor in these labors of love was John Campbell, the African traveller. In company with that zealous Christian, IMr. Haldane made successive tours throughout all Scotland as far as Orkney, and those who were awakened by their preach- ing were, through the liberality of Mr. Robert Haldane, accommodated with suitable places of worshi]). Mr. James eventually accepted the office of slated pastor in the Tabernacle, Leith Walk, Edinburgh, and in tliat cai acity he exercised, without any emolument, all the jiublic and private duties of a minister with unbroken fidelity and zeal for a period of fifty years. Although he vacillated on some points of Church government, he and his brother remaiued steadfast in their adherence to the general ])rinciples of the Scotch Baptists. He died in Edinburgh Feb. 8, 1851. Besides a number of con- troversial tracts, he i)ublishcd A Vicu- of the social ll'or- ship offhefrsi Christ iai>.'< ( i:binb. 1805, Vlmo):— Man's Responsibility and tin Krl, i,t if the A (onement (Edinb. 1842, Vlmoy. — Krjinsi/iou of (kdatians (Edinb. 1848, 12mo): — Inspiration of the Scriptures (Edinb. 1845, 12mo). — J amieson. Religious Biography, p. 242; Rich, Biog. Diet. s. v. Haldane ; Lives of the Brothers JJaldanc (1852, 8vo) ; Belcher, Memoir of Robert and James A l- exander Haldane, etc. (Amer. Tract Soc.) ; New England- er, April, 1801, p. 269. See Independents, III.
Haldane, Robert, an eminent Christian jjhilan- thropist, was born in London (of Scotch parents) Feb. 28, 1764, and inherited a large property. His early manhood v.as spent in the navy; he was aftcnvards an enthusiastic Democrat in politics, and welcomed the French Revolution. After this excitement subsided he was converted, and resolved on dedicating his life to missionarj' labors. India was the chosen field, and, having secured the promised co-operation of :Messrs. Innes, E-i\-ing, and Bogue, of Gosport, to whom he guar- anteed adequate stipends, he apjilicd to the Indian gov- ernment to sanction his enterprise. The East India Company directors, after much deliberation, resolved that the" superstitions of Hindostan should not lie dis- turbed. Mr. Haldane now determined to cmiiloy his resources in spreading the (Jospel at home, and, in con- junction with Rowland Hill and other eminent evan- gelists, he was instrumental in awakening an extensive revival of religion througliout Scotland. The General Assemblv (1800) forliade field-preaching, and discoiur- aged the revival. 3Ir. Haldane therefore seceded from tlie Established Church, and at his own expense erected places of worship, imder the name of Tabernacles, in all
HALDE, DU
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the large to^vns of Scotland, and educated 300 j'oung men under Dr. Bogue at Gosport, Mr. Ewing at Glas- gow, and Mr. lunes at Diuidee. He also organized a theological school at Paris. His attention was subse- quently directed to the evangelization of Africa. To commence this undertaking, he procured tliirty yoiuig children from Sierra Leone to receive a Christian edu- cation at his expense, and gave a bond for £7000 for their board and education, which, however, the friends of emancipation in London xuidertook to defraj'. This is only one specimen of his munificence. His personal labors" in awakening a religious spirit in the south of France were successfid beyond his own most sanguine expectations; and both at Geneva and Montauban he sowed the seeds of truth, which are bearing good fruit to this day in the Protestant churches of France. Mr. Ilaldanc took a prominent part in the management of the Continental Society and the Bible Society of Edin- burgh; and ill the painful controversy relative to the circulation of the Apocrypha by the British and Foreign Bible Society, which led to the establishment of the lat- ter. He was the author of T/ie Evidence and A iithority of (Urine Revelation (3d ed. 1839, 2 vols. 12mo) :—.-!« Exposition of thi Epistle to the Romans (Lond. 1839, 2 vols. 12mo): — Verbal Inxpiration (6th ed. 1853, 12mo); and various controversial pamjihlcts. He died Dec. 12, 18-12.— Jamieson, Relifumti Bln./raphy, p. 240 ; Rich, Bi- of/r. Dictionary ; Darling, Liris (ft/ie Brothers Ilaldane (Lond. 1852, 8vo); Belcher, .l/c)«o//- of Robert and James A k.r<tnder Ilaldane (Amer. Tract. Soc).