Haller, Berthold, one of the Reformers of Berne, was born at Aldingcn, Wtirtemberg, in 1492. At Pforz- heim he had Melancthon for a fellow-student, and grad- uated bachelor at Cologne in 1512. After teaching some time at Rottweil he went to Berne, invited by Ru- bellus in 1513 (1518?). He became assistant to Dr. Wyttcnbach in St. Vincent's church, and in his society, his knowledge of the Scriptures and his religious char- acter were greatly cultivated. About 1520 he made the acquaintance of Zwingle, who was always afterwards his faithful friend and counsellor. Shortly after he succeed- ed Wyttenbach as cathedral preacher, and soon began to expound Matthew, instead of following the usual Church lessons only. His eloquence and zeal made him extremeh' popular. When the strife began in 1522 Haller was a member of the commission, and distm- guished himself in the conference by his opposition to the bishop of Lausanne. His holcl upon the ]wpular mind was so great that in the subsequent years of strife he held his place as preacher in spite of all opposition, and contributed greatly, not so much by his learning as by his jiersonal force of character, to the establishment of the Reformation in Berne. Even with the Anabap- tists, on tlicir appearance in Berne, he obtained great influence. In 1525 he courageously abandoned the IMass. In the Grand Council he defended himself so vigorously that he was still kept in office as preacher, though he lost his canonship. In 1527 a number of Re- fonners were elected to the " Grand Council." The venerable Francis Kolb, full of fire and energy, was now in Berne, ready to aid and stimulate the more prudent Haller. The '• M mdates" of 1523 and 1526, the former for, the latter against the Reformation, were submitted to the people, and they decided for the first. In the "Conference" of 1528, at Berne, Haller took the leading part, aided by Zwingle, Gi^colampadius, and Bucer. It was finally decreed by the Conference that the Mass should be abolished. In 1529 he married. His labors for the Reformation extended to Solothum, and to other parts of Switzerland ; but his chief activity lay in Berne, where he held his pre-eminence as preacher and Re- former imtil his death, Feb. 25, 153G. He left no writ- ings. See Kirchhofer, Haller oder die Reform, r. Bern (Zurich, 1828) ; Kuhn, Die Reformatoren Benis (Berne, 1828) ; D'Aubigne, History of Reformation, ii, 349 ; iii, 336; iv, 296, 308; Herzog, Real-Encyhlojux, 479.
Haller, Karl Ludwig von, was born at Berne Aug. 1, 1768. In 1795 he became secretarj- of the city council, and in 180O emigrated to Germany. In 1806 he returned, and became professor of history and statis- tics at Berne. In 1814 he became member of the city IV.-C
council, and in 1818 made a joiuney through Italy and to Rome. Having secretly become a member of the Romish Church in 1820, he joined it openly in 1821, and was discliarged from liis office. He then went to Paris in 1824, and was emj)loyed in the ministry of for- eign affairs. Having lost that situation in consequence of the Revolution of July, 1830, Le finally wuit to Solo- thum, where he was in 1834 appointed mimbcr of the lesser council. Here he was at the head of the Ultra- montane party, and died May 20, 1854. Haller was an ultra-conservative in politics, and was drawn info the Church of Rome by his fanatical hatred of all liberal re- forms. His chief work, entitled Restaiiration der Stuuts- wissenschafteii (Winterthur, 1816-1834,0 vols.), was writ- ten with the design to annihilate all revolutionary prin- ciples in politics. Even many Roman Catholic writers expressed a decided dissent from the antiliberal doctrines of this work. The most important among his other works are, Lettre a sa famille pour lui declarer son re- tour a I'eylise catholiqiie (Par. 1821 ; in (ierman by Pau- lus, Stuttgard, 1821 ; by Studer, Berne, 1821):— r/zcone der geistl. Staaten u. Geselhchaflen (Wintcrtliur, 1822) : — Die Freimourerei ii.ihr Einfiiiss aufd. Svlnniz (Scliaff- hausen, 1840) :— 6Vsc/?. der Idrchl. Rerchi/. d, s Cn.foiui Bern (Luceriic, 1839,4th ed.). See Tzw liinicr. d, r i '.hr- tritt des Herni von H. z. hiilmlixrli, „ Kirr/ic ( Lpz. 1821) ; Krug, Apologie der protes/iuifi.^,/ini Kirrlie (Lpz. 1821); Escher, Uiber die Philo.tophte di.-< Slaalsrerhts mif bcs. Bezieli. auf d. Haller'sche Restauration (Zurich, 1825) ; Scherer (ultramontane). Die Restauration der Staats- wissensch. (Lucerne, 1845).
Hallet, Joseph, an English Nonconformist, was born at Exeter in 1692, ordained in 1713, and succeeded his father as co-pastor with ]\Ir. Pierce over the Inde- pendent congregation at Exeter in 1722. Here he dis- charged his pastoral duties faithfullj' until his death in 1744. As a writer, he was marked by indusfrj', learn- ing, and critical sagacity. He wrote a number of con- troversial tracts on the Evidences of Christianity in reply to Tindal and Chubb, and on the Trinity. Besides these, he published A free and impartial Study of the Holy Sc7-iptu7-es recommended, being notes on peculiar texts of Scriptiu-e (Lond. 1729-36, 3 vols. 8vo) -.—A Par- aphrase and Notes on the three last Chapters cfthe Epis- tle to the Htbreics (London, 1733, 4to). In thco'.ogy he was a semi-Arian. See Bogue and Bennett, History of Dissenters, ii, 179, 222 ; Jones, Christian Biorjraphy.
Hallifax, Samuel, bishop of St. Asaph, was born at jNIansficld, Derbyshire, in 1733. He studied at Jesus College, Cambridge, and at Trinity Hall, and became successively rector of Chaddington, Buckinghamshire, in 1765; professor of Arabic at Cambridge in 1768; pro- fessor of jurispmdence in 1770; chaplain of George III in 1774; master of Doctors' Commons in 1775; rector of Warsop, Nottinghamshire, in 1778, and liishop of Gloucester in 1781. He was transferred to the see of St. Asaph in 1787, and died in 17C0. He -WTOte An Analysis of the Roman Civil Law compared rcith the Laws of England (1774, 8vo) ■.—Twelve Sermons on the Prophecies concerning the Christian Religion, and in par- ticular concerning the Church of Pap(d Rome, preached in Lincoln's Inn Chapel at Bishop Warburton's Lecture (1776, 8vo): — An Analysis of Butler's Analogy: — Dis- courses on Justification (Camb. 1762. 8vo). See Rose, New General Biog. Diet. ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog, Uenerale., xxiii, 197; British Critic, vol. xxvii.