Hallo'hesh or, rather, Lociiesii (Heb. Lochesh', nnib, with the article Uini^f^, hal-lochesh', the whis- perer; Sept. AXXwtJQ and 'AXwJ/c, Yulg. Alohes), the father of Shallum, which latter assisted Nehcmiah in repairing the walls of Jerusalem (Neh. iii, 12, where the name is Anglicized "Halohesh"). He was one of the j)opular chiefs that subscribed the sacred covenant with Nehemiah (Neh. x, 24). B.C. cir. 410.
Hallo-w (^^p, in Pid ; ayvidl^uj), to render sacred, set apart, consecrate (Exod. xxviii, 3S ; xxix, 1 ; Lev.
HALOHESH
34
HAM
xxii, 2 ; Numb, v, 10). The English word is from the Saxon, and is properly to make holy; hence hallowed persons, things, places, rites, etc. ; hence also the name, power, diccnity of God is hallowed, that is, reverenced as holy (Matt, vi, 9).— Cahnet, s. v. See Holy.
Halo'hesh (Neh. iii, 12). See Hallohesu.
Halt ivh'J., xto^of), lun^ on the feet or legs (Gen. xxxii, 31; Psa. xxxviii, 17 ^ Jer. xx, 10; Mic. iv, 6; vii, 1; Zei)h. iii, 19). Many persons who were halt were cured by our Lord. See L.v.mk. To halt between two opinions (nOQ, 1 Kings xviii, 21), should, perhaps, be to stagger from one to the other repeatedly; but some say it is an allusion to birds, who hop from spray to spray, forAvards and backwards, as the contrary in- rtuence of supposed convictions vibrated the mind in alternate affirmation and doubtfulness — Calmet, s. v.
Halyburton, Thomas, professor of divinity in the University of Ht. Andrew's, was born at Duphn, near Perth, Dec. 25, 1"()4. He was in early youth the sub- ject of frequent but ineffectual religious conxictions. In 1G89 he began to be perplexed respecting the evi- dences of revealed religion, till, after having experienced some relief from Robert Bruce's Fuljillinf/ of the Scrij}- ture.f, lie received further aid from IMr. Donaldson, an excellent old minister who came to preach at Perth, and paid a visit to his mother. He inquired of his young friend if he sought a blessing from God on his learning, remarldng at the same time, with an austere Idcik, •• Sirrah, unsanctified learning has done much mis- cliiri t.. t}ie Kirk of (iod." Tliis led him to seek divine dircitidii in extraordinary difficidties; but this exercise, he acknowledges, left him still afar off from God. He studied at St. Andrew's, and became domestic chaplain in a nobleman's family in 1G9G. His mind, long disqui- eted about the evidences of Christianity, was finally set- tled, and he wrote an Inquiry into the Principles of mod- ern Jk'ists, which is still valued. In 1698 he was thor- oughly converted; in 1700 he became minister of Ceres parish. In 1711 he was made professor of divinity at St. Aiub-ew's, aiid died in 1712. He was an excellent scholar, and a very pious man, A sketch of his life is given in his Worh, edited by Robert Burns, D.D. (Lon- don, 1835, 8vo), wliich volume contains the following, among other writings, viz. The yreut Concern of 8 ah; u- lion:— Natural Reliyion insufficient :— Essay on the Na- ture of Faith:— Inquiry on Justification, and Sermons. Halyburton's Menudrs, with an introductory Essay by the Rev. Dr. Young (Glasg. 182-t, 12mo), has been often reprinted, both in Great Britain and America.
Ham (Heb. Cham, DH, hot [see below]; Sept. Xa'/i [.losei.hus XdiiUQ, Ant. \, A, l],ViUg. Cham), the name of a man and also of two regions.
1. Tlie youngest sou of Noah (Gen. v, 32; comp. ix, 24), B.C. post 2G13. Having ])rovoIced the wTath of his father by an act of indecency towards him, the lat- ter cursed him and his descendants to be slaves to his brothers and their descendants (ix, 2.j). B.C. cir. 2514. To judge, liowevcr, from tlie narrative, Noaii directed his curse only against Canaan (the fourth sou of Ham) ami his race, thus cxchuling from it the descendants of Ham s three other sons, Cush, Mizraim, an.l Phut ((ien. -x, b . How (hat curse was accomplished is taught bv tho history of tlie Jews, by whom the Canaanites were .sul.se.,uently exterminated. The general opinion is that alUhe southern nations derive their origin from Ham (to which the Hebrew root DT2n, to be hot, not unlike the (ireek A/WoTTf.j, lends som'e force). This meaning seems to be confirmed l.v tliat of the Egyptian word KcM (Egypt), which is believed to be the Egvp- tian e.,u,valent of Ham, and which, as an adjective, sign.hes "black," probably implying warmth as well as blackness. See Eovi-t. If the Hebrew and Egvptian won s be the same. Ham must mean the swarthy or sun-burnt, like MOi„^, which has Ijeen derived from' the Coptic name of Ethiopia, ethops, but which we should
be inclined to trace to thoj^s, "a boundarj^," miless the Sahidic esojis may be derived from Kish (Cush). It is observable tliat tlie names of Noah and his sons appear to have had prophetic signitications. This is stated m the case of Noah (Gen. v, 29), and impUed in that of Japheth (ix, 27), and it can scarcely be doubted that the same must be concluded as to Shem. Ham may therefore have been so named as progenitor of the smi- burnt Egyptian* and Cushites. Cush is supposed to have been the progenitor of the nations of East and South Asia, more especially of South Arabia, and also of Ethiopia; Mizraim, of the African nations, including the Philistines and some other tribes which Greek fable and tradition connect with Eg\'pt ; PhiU, likewise of some African nations; and Canaan, of the inhabitants of Palestine and Phoenicia. On the Arabian traditions concerning Ham, see D'Herbelot {Bibl, Orient, s. v.). See Noah.