HanVmaph (lieh.Chani7na2}h',t]'0^'^Tj,snuh-nosed; Sept. 'EpwyUfi^ v. r.'Eptuj[jo3)," father" of Jedaiah, which latter was one of the priests who repaired part of the ■ walls of Jerusalem (Neh. iii, 10). B.C. ante 44G.
Ha'ruphite (Heb. ChampM', iS^nrt.with the art.; for which the IMasoretic margin more correctly reads '^S'^'in, Ilariphite; Sept. 'Apovcpi v. r. Xap(0i/;\, Vtdg. I/(irtij)/iitcs), an epithet of Shephatiah, one of the brave adventurers who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chron. xii, 6) ; so called, probably, as being a native of Hariph. " Josabad the Gederathite," of the preceding verse, was probably from the same place ; and as he was so called
from being a resident of Gedor (q. v.), it would seem that the epithet '• Harui)hite" was an eciuivalent one, as a descendant from llareph (q. v.), the founder of Geder (1 Chron. ii, 51).
Ha'ruz (Heb. Chamts', "J'^IH, eager, as in Prov. xii, 27, etc.; Sept. 'Apoyf), a citizen of Jotbah, and father of Meshullemcth, who became the wife of king Manas- seh, and mother of king Anion (2 Kings xxi, I'j). B.C. ante G6-1.
Harvard, JpHX, founder of Ilar^'ard College, Cam- bridge, iMass., was born in England, studied at Emanuel College, Cambridge, where he became A.M. in 1035, and entered into the ministry among the Dissenters. Emi- grating to America, he became pastor of a Congrega- tional society at Charlestown, IVIass., where he preached but a short time, and died Sept. 14, 1G38. In his will he left a legacy of nearly £800 to the high-school of Cambridge. This bequest laid the foundation of the college, to which the trustees gave the name of its bene- factor.
Harvest {'^^'1^, hatsir' , i. e. reajnnff; Srr.pifTfxoc), the season of gathering grain or fruits. In general, this fell, as now in Palestine, in the middle of April or Abib (John iv, 35), although in many parts, e. g. at Jericho (whose inhabitants were the first to present the first- fruits, Mishna, Pesach, iv, 8), it began as early as March (Shaw, Trav. p. 291). (See Gerdes, De tempore messis Jlebrceonm, Utrecht, 1720.) Dr. Robinson says : " On the 4th and 5th of June, the people of Hebron were just beginning to gather their wheat; on the 11th and 12th, the threshing-floors on the JMount of Olives were in full operation. We had already seen the harvest in the same state of progress on the plains of Gaza on the 19th of May; while at Jericho, on the 12th of Ma3',the thresh- ing-floors had nearly completed their work" (Bib. Res. ii, 99, 100). On the sixteenth day of the first montli, Abib or Nisan (Josephus, A nt. iii, 10, 5), a handfid of ripe ears was offeretl before the Lord as the first-fruits; after which it was lawful to put the sickle to the corn (Lev. xxiii, 9-14). (See Schramm, Be manijndo hurdeaceo, Frckft. a. 0. 170G.) The harvest is described as begin- ning with the barley, and with the festival of the Pass- over (Lev. xxiii, 9-14; 2 Sam. xxi, 9, 10; lUith ii, 23), and ending with the wheat (Gen.xxx, 14; Exod.xxxiv, 22), and with the festival of Pentecost (Exod. xxiii, IG). (See Otho, Lex. Rabb. p. 684.) In the most ancient times the corn was plucked up by the roots. When the siclde was used, the wheat was either cropped off under the ear, or cut close to the ground ; in the former case, the straw was aftenvards plucked up for use ; in the lat- ter, the stubble was left and burnt on the ground for
Ancient Es;^ptnu nirve^t "scene (From Wilkm«ou )
Fig 1 The steward ", 3 Reapers 6 A non an glpaner fi f^^r^ n- the wheat in the i al mpe net ecribe 13, 14, carrjing tho grain to tie jranarj in sacks
The trilura 9 WinnowerSt 11 Th»
HARWOOD 0
manure (Isa. xvii, 5 ; Job xxiv, 24). The sheaves were collected into a heap, or removed to the threshing-floor ((ien. xxxvii, 7; Lev. xxiii, 10-15; Ruth ii, 7-15; Job xxiv, 10, Jer. ix, 22; Mic. iv, 12; Amos ii, 13). In Palestine at the present day, the grain is not bound into Blicaves, but is gathered into two large bimdles, which arc carried home on either side of the backs of animals ('riiomson. Land and Book, ii, 323). The reapers were the owners and their chikhen, and men and women servants (Ruth ii, 4, 8, 21, 23 ; John iv, 36 ; James v, 4). Refreshments were provided for them, especially drink, of which the gleaners were often allowed to partake (Ruth ii,'J); so in the Egj-ptian scenes we see reapers drinking, and the gleaners applying to share the draught. The time of harvest was a season of very great enjoy- ment, especially when the crops had been plentifid (Psa. exxvi, 1 -6 ; Isa. ix, 3). The harvest in Scripture is like- wise put for a time o^ destruction (Hos. vi, 11), according to Newcome; but, according to Horsley, for a time of nu-rc!/. Of the former sense there is an example in Jer. Ii, 33, plainly referring to the judgments of God upon Baln-lon. So in the oracle concerning Damascus (Isa. xvii, 5), as Lowth observes, the king of AssjTia shall sweep away the whole body of the people, as the reap- er strips off the whole crop of corn, and the remnant shall be no more in proportion than the scattered ears lelt to the gleaner. In Joel iii, 13, the last words ex- I)lain the figurative language which precedes : they are ripe for excision. The same comparison is used in Rev. xiv, 14; XV, 18, where the person referred to as execu- ting vengeance is Jesus Christ himself, though angels assist in the execution. But harvest is also used in a good sense, as in Matt, ix, 37 ; Luke x, 2 ; John iv, 35. So in Jer. viii, 20, " The harvest is past, the summer is ended, and we are not saved;" i. c. llie time in which we expected to be saved is past. The harvest, in agri- cultural reckoning, is considered to be the end of the season, being the time appointed for gathering in the fruits of the earth, and finishing the labors of the year, f^o, in Matt, xiii, 30, our Lord says, "The har\-est is the end of the world, and the reapers are the angels." In jNIatt. ix, 30, our Lord, seeing multitudes coming to hctr liim, remarks, ''The harvest truly is plenteous;" i. c. many are willing to receive instruction. See Agricul-