Hilario or Hilarianus, Q. Jitlius, an ecclesiastic- al writer of the 4th century. A\'e have no details con- cerning his life, as none are given either in his own works or in those of his contemporaries. He is consid- ired as the author of J'Jxpositum de die Pcisc/kb el Mensis, at the end of Lactantius's works (Par. 1712), and in Gal- land, Bibl. Patruni (vol. viii, app. ii, p. 745, Venice, 1772, foL): — De Mundi Buratione, or De Ciirsii Temporum, first published by Pithou in the Appendix to his Bihlioth. Putram (Paris, 1579), and afterwards reprinted in Gal- land, viii, 235. See Fabricins, BihHi)th. Lut. med. et infim. (Btatis, iii, 251 ; Hoefer, JVoui: Bioj. Generale, xxiv, GG5.
Hilarion, St., of Palestine, was born near Gaza about 291. He had been a heathen, but at Alexan- dria he frequented the Christian schools, and M-as bap- tized there in 306. The accoimts of him, which abound in incredible stories, are to the following purport : Ee- turning home in 307, he gave away all he had, and re- tired to a desert near Jlagum, not far from Gaza, where he led a strictly ascetic life. His protracted fasts and religious exercises gained him the reputation of a saint, and attracted a large number of disciples. When their numbers became too great, he formed colonies of them in various parts of Palestine and Syria, and thus estab- lished several monasteries, which he continued to visit and govern. Having gone to Alexandria for the anni- versary of the death of St. Anthony, he was on his retiu-n reputed to work miracles, such as producing rain, ridding the country of snakes, etc. An attempt having been made against his life by the inhabitants of Gaza, Hila- rion retired to Libya, and afterwards to Sicily, but his miracles everywhere betrayed him(!). He afterwards went to Epidaurus (nowEaguse), in Dalmatia, where th'e legend says he prevented an inundation of the town. To avoid the popularity this miracle had gained him, he em- barked secretly for Cyprus with his disciple Hesychius, and hid himself in the neighborhood of Paphos. Here again he was discovered, and from all sides they brought sick people to him, whom he cured by the laying ou of
hands. He died in the island in 371, and his remains, brought back to Palestine by Hesychius, were biuied near ]Magum. The Eoman Catholic Church commemo- rates him on the 21st of October. See Jerome, Vita IJi- larioni ; Sozomen, Ilht. Eccks.lih. iii, cap. 14; lib. v, ca]i. 9 ; BaUlet, Vies des Saints, vol. iii, 21 Oct. ; Eichard et Ge- raud, Bihlioth. Sacr. ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, xxiv, 6GG; Taylor, Ancient Christanity, i, 308, 309; Neander, Ch. Hist. vol. ii ; Fuhrmann, llandwurterh. d. Kirchen- Gcsch. s. V. ; TiUemont, Mem. viii, 987.
Hilarius Arelatensis, St. (Hilary, bishop op Arles), was born about A.D. 403, of a noble familj', and at an early age attached himself to Honoratus, first ab- bot of Lerins. AVhen about twenty-five years of age he accompanied Honoratus to his see of Aries, but shortly left it to piu-sue a monastic life, removed from the cares and bustle of the world. His patron Honoratus dying A.D. 430, Hilary -was elected bishop, but he accepted the office with great reluctance. In discharging its func- tions he conikicted himself as an humble and charitable man, but as a rather severe and haughty ecclesiastic. A.D. 455 Hilary deposed the bishop of Vasontis, Cheli- donius, on a charge of having violated the canon law in becoming a priest notwithstanding he had formerly mar- ried a zcidow. Celidonius referred the matter to pope Leo, but Hilary refused to acknowledge the papal juris- diction in the matter. Pope Leo, jealous of his ovn\ au- thority, and always anxious to extend his power, was very wrathful at Hilary's summary proceedings, nor could Leo be appeased, though the bishop of Aries took a journey on foot to Rome in order to set matters right. Each saint adhered to his own opinion, and they parted with mutual ill will, and by a rescript of Valentinian in 445, the metropolitan of Gaul was made virtually subor- dinate to the papal see. Hilary died A.D. 449. His works extant are. Vita Sancti Ilonorati, a paneg>Tic : — Eplstola ad Eucharium. both of which may be found in Bih. Max. Patr. \o\. vii. Waterland attributes the com- position of the Athanasian Creed to Hilar}' {Treatise on A than. Creed). See Cave, Ilist. Lit. ; Hook, Ecch Biog. vi, 54; Mosheim, Ch. ///.?^i,340; Clarke, Succession of Sacred IJterature, ii, 191 ; Waterland, Worlcs, i, 8 ; iii, 214 sq. ; IMilner, Hist. Ch. Christ, ii, 317 ; Eiddle, Christ. Antiquities; ^li\m&r\, Latin Christianity, i,2~2 sq.
Hilarius Diacbnus, a deacon of the Church of Eome in the 4th century, who was sent by pope Liberi- us,with Lucifer ofCagliari and others, to plead the cause of the orthodox faith before Constantius at the Council of Milan. His boldness was so offensive that he Avas scourged and banished by order of the emperor. He afterwards supported the violent opinion of Lucifer (q. v.) that all Arians and heretics must be rebaptized upon applying to be restored to communion in tlie Church. Two treatises, of doubtful authenticity, are as- cribed to him : (1.) Comm. in Epist. Pauli (published often with tlie works of Ambrose) ; (2.) Qucest. in Vet. et Nov. Test., published with the works of Augustine (Benedictine edit. t. iii, App.). The Benedictine editors of St. Ambrose inform us that the manuscripts of the " Commentary" on St. Paul's Epistles differ considera- bly, and that in some parts there appear to be interpo- lations of long passages. This commentary is said by Dupin to be "clear, plain, and literal, and to give the meaning of the text of St. Paul well enough ; but it gives very different explanations from St. Augustine in those places which concern predestination, provocation, grace, and free wiU." — Lardner, Wo7-ks, iv, 382 ; Mosheim, Ch. Hist. cent, iv, ]it. ii, ch. ii, n. 43 ; Dupin, Eccles. Writ. cent, iv ; English Cyclojjadia.