death he had pubUshed the book of Daniel, both accord- ing to the Sept, version and that of Theodution, the hit- ter (inly having been printed in former editions, bwause the translation of this book is not contained in the com- mon MSS., and was unknown till it was printed in 1772 from a MS. belonging to cardinal Chigi" (Kitto). Tlio work was continueil by the Rev. J. Parsons, B.D., and completed on the original plan. The title of the work is Vetus Te.'!tamentum Grmcum, cum vai-iis Lectionibus (Oxf. 1798-1804, 15 vols. fol.). Tischendorf, however, condemns the work as inaccurately done (Prulcy. to ed. of Sept. 1850, p. lii-lvi). Sec Chalmers, Bioy'raphical Diet.; B[). :Mnrsh, Diriiiity Lecture.<i,lect. xn; Lowndes, Brit. lAh. p. -Js. -Jii ; Alliiionc, Diet, of Authors, i, 870; Darling, Ciirli^iiinlin /:ili/i,'i/niphica, i, 1520; Kitto, Cy- clop, of Bill/. Lit. ii, o IX. (J. H. W.)
Holmpatrick, Council of, held at Holmpatrick, an island off the eastern coast of Ireland, in 1148, by the advice of the pope. Innocent II, to consider the ques- tion of granting the pall to the archbishops of Armagh and Cashel. This synod was attended by fifteen bish- ops and two hunth-ed priests. The council lasted four days, the first three of which were occupied with qucsr tions concerning the general welfare of the Chiu-ch, con- fining the question of the palls to the last day. The residt was a formal petition to pope Eugenius III (who had meanwhile succeeded Innocent), which Malachy O'Morgais, a former archbishop of Armagh, was com- missioned to carry to Kome, in favor of the grant. — Todd, Hist, of Ancient Church in Ireland, p. 113; Lan- don's Manual of Councils, p. 205, 200.
Holocaust. See Sachifice.
Holofer'nes, or, rather, Oloferxes {'0\o(pspv)](^), a person mentioned only in the Apocrypha (Judith ii, 4, etc.). The name occurs twice in Cappadocian history, as home by the brother of Ariarathes I (B.C. cir. 350), and aftenvards by a pretender to the Cappadocian throne, who was at first supported and aftenvards im- prisoned by Demetrius Soter (B.C. cir. 158). The ter- mination {'rissa2ihe7-nes, etc.) points to a Persian origin, but the meaning of the word is uncertain.— Smith. Sec Yolkmsir, £inl(i/ nil,/ in ili,' Apukryphen (Tiib. 1860-3), i, 179 sq.; Griitz, (,,s,hirhtr dcr 'juden, iv, 455. Ac- cording to the account in the book of Judith, Nebuchad- nezzar, "king of Nineveh," having resolved to "avenge himself on all the earth," appointed llolofenics general of the expedition intended for this purpose, consisting of 120,000 foot and 12,000 horse. Holoferncs marched westward and southward, carrying devastation every- where he came, destroying harvests, and flocks, and cities, as well as men, old anl young; making even the "cities of the sea-coast," which had submitted to him, feel the Aveiglit of his arm. Having rer.ched Esdradon, he encamped " between Geba and Scy thopolis" a whole month to collect his forces. The Je;\s, however, re- solved to resist him, and fortified all the mountain pass- es. Dissuaded by Achior, " captain of tlie sons of Am- mon," from attacking the Jews, lie resented the advice, and delivered Achior into the hands of the Jews in Be- thulia, from whom, however, he met with a kind recep- tion. Holofenies proceeded against Bethulia (q. v.), where he was brought to bay; and, instead of attacking it, seizeil upon two wells on which the city depended for Avater, and sat down before it to take it by siege. While here he fell a victim to the treachery of Judith, a beautiful Jewish widow, who artfully managed to be brought into his presence, and who, by jilaying the hypocrite, secured his favor and confidence. Having invited her to a banquet, he drank freely, and, liaving fallen asleep, fell beneath the arm of his fair guest, who cut off his head with his own sword, and escaped with her bloodj' trojihy to her own jieoiile in Bethulia. The Jews immediately fell on their enemies, who, finding their general dead in his tent, tied in confusion. Such is the stor^'. Is is scarcely necessary to add that it is wholly mihistorical.— Kitto. See Judith.
HOLOMERIANS
304 HOLY CATHOLIC CHURCH
Holomerians. See Spiritualism. Ho'ion (Heb. Cholon', ''iVn or "j'^h, sandj), the name of one or two places.
1. (Sept. 'E\m>, 'QXiov, etc.; Vulg. Holm, Olon.') A city in the mountains of Jiidah (Josh. xv. 51, where it is mentioned between Goshen and Giloh) ; assign- ed to the Levites (Josh, xxi, 15, where it is mention- ed between Eslitemoa and Debir) ; in the parallel pas- sage (1 Chron. vi, 58) it is written Hilen (Heb. CM- len', ^^''ri; Sept. 'SrjXwv, but transposes with Jether; ViUg. Ilelon). De Saulcy is inclined to identify it with the village Xuhhalin, on the hills {Dead Sea, i, 453, 454) west of Bethlehem, or, according to Dr. Robinson (new ed. oi Researches, iii, 284), at the bottom of wady el-Musurr, on its southern side ; but this is not in the same group of towns with the others, which all lie in the south-west part of the mountain district (Keil, Com- ment, ad loc). The position seems rather to correspond to that oi Beit Ainreh, a large ruined village on a hill near wady el-Khulil, north-west of Juttah, on the road to Hebron (Robinson, Researches, ii, G29 and note).
2. (Sept. XfXwj^Vidg. Ilelon.) A city of Moab (Jer. xlviii, 21). It was one of the towns of the Mishor, tlie level downs (A.V. "plain country") east of Jordan, and is named with Jahazah, Dibon, and other known places; but no identitieation of it has yet taken place, nor does it aiDpear in the parallel lists of Numb, xxxii and Josh, xiii. — Smith. Perhaps it is the same as Horoxaiji (q. v.).