4. HoRWiTZ (Sabbafai Schef tet). son of the preced- ing, was Kabbi of Frankfort, then of Posen, and finally of Vienna, where he died about 1658. He is the author of three Hebrew works, the first entitled A Treatise on JMorals, in six parts, ser\ing as an introduction to his father's work, rii'nan nin^lb "131:3, and printed with it (Amst. 1649, fol.; several editions) :'— ilN-l'^, jmnted with his grandfather's "p^HiD d"^ (Amst. 1717, 4to"), a work on morals aheady referred to above :— n'lS'^a Sp '^^?'''^r', printed with his grandfather's Emek Berakah, on which it is a sort of com.mentary (Amst. 1757, 4to ; Zolkiew, 1826, fol.).
5. HoRAviTz, Isaiah ben- Jacob, nephew of the fore- going, and grandson of the former Isaiah Horwitz, was a native of Poland, and died there in 1695. He WTote ^Jr.'^ r'^S (Teuice, 1663, 4to), and some commentaries on the Talmud relating to Jewish jurisprudence. See J. Buxtorf, Rahbinica Eibliotheca ; Wolf, Bibliotheca Ile- braim ; liossi, Bizionario der/li Aittori Ebrei ; J. Fiirst, Biblloih. Judaica ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biogr. Gener. xxv, 207. (J. H.AV.)
Ho'sah (Ileb. Chosah', tioh, refuge; Sept. 'Qad, '0(T«, and 'QaT]h), the name of a place and also of a man.
1. A place on the border of the tribe of Asher, at a point where the line turned from the direction of Tyre to its terminus on the Blediterranean, in the direction : of Achzib (Josh, xix, 29). It is possibly the same with | the modern village el-G.'iaziek, a httle south of Zidon ; |
notwithstanding the objection of Schwarz (who thinks this too far north, and prefers a village called el-Bussak, a little north of Eczib, Palest, p. 194), since it is uncer- tain whicli way the boundary is here described as run- ning, and (ho accoinit is a good deal involved. Van da Velde proposes to identify it with el-Kauzah, " a. village with traces of antiquity near wady el-Ain" (Memoir, \\ 322), the Kanzih of Kobinson (new Researches, p. 61, 62) ; but to this Keil objects {Comment, on Josh, ad loc.) that " the situation does not suit in this connection," although it lies very near Eamah, and in the direction from Tyre towards Achzib. See Elkosh.
2. A Levite of the family of IMerari, who, with thir- teen of his relatives, was appointed by David porter of the gate Shallecheth, on the west side of the Temple (1 Chron. xvi, 38; xxvi, 10, 11, 16). B.C. 1014.
Hosai. See Hozai.
Hosan'na {ijcjavvd, from the Heb. NS-ni"'din, as in Psa. cxviii, 25; Isa. lix, 1 ; xlv, 20), aVorm of ac- clamatory blessing or wishing well, which signifies Save noio ! i. e. " succor now ! be now propitious !" It occurs in Matt, xxi, 9 (also Mark xi, 9, 10 ; John xii, 13), " Ho- sanna to the Son of David ; Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest." This was on the occasion of our Savioiu-'s public entry into Je- rusalem, and, fairly construed, would mean, "Lord, pre- serve this Son of David ; heap favors and blessings on him !" It is further to be observed that Hosanna was a customary form of acclamation at the Feast of Taberna- cles. This feast was celebrated in September, just before the com.mencement of the civil year, on which occasion the people carried in their hands bundles of boughs of palms, myrtles, etc. (Josephus, ^ wf. xiii, 13, 6 ; iii, 10, 4), They then repeated the 25th and 26th verses of Psa. cxviii, which commence with the word Hosanna ; and from this circumstance they gave the boughs, and the prayers, and the feast itself the name of Hosanna. They observed the same forms, also, al; the Encaenia, or Festi- val of Dedication (1 Mace, x, 6, 7 ; 2 Mace, xiii, 61 ; Kev. vii, 9), and the Passover.— Kitto. The psalm from . n'hich it was taken, the 118th, was one with which they v^ere familiar, from being accustomed to recite the 25th and 26th verses at the Feast of Tabernacles. On that occasion the Great Halkl, consisting of Psa. cxiii-cxviii, was chanted by one of the priests, and at certain inter- vals the multitudes joined in the responses, waving their branches of willow and palm, and shouting as tluy waved them Hallelujah, or Hosanna, or " O Lord, I be- seech the€, send now prosperity" (Psa. cxviii, 25). This was done at the recitation of the first and last verses of Psa. cxviii, but, according to the school of Hillel, at the words "Save now, we beseech thee" (vcr. 25). The school of Shammai, on the contrary, say it was at the words " Send now prosperity" of the same verse, Kab- ban Gamaliel and K.Joshua were observed by K. Akiba to wave their branches only at the words " Save now, we beseech thee" (INIishna, Siiccah, iii, 9). On each of the seven days during which the feast lasted the people thronged in the court of the Temjile, and went in pro- cession about the altar, setting their boughs bending to- wards it, the trumpets sounding as they shouted Hosan- na. But on the seventh day they marched seven times round the altar, shouting meanwhile the great Hosanna to the sound of the trumpets of the Levites (Lightfont, Temple Service, xvi, 2). The very children who coidd wave the palm branches were expected to take part in the solemnity (Mishna, Succah,n\, 15; Matt, xxi, 15). From the custom of waving the boughs of myrtle and willow during the sen-ice the name Hosanna was ulti- mately transferred to the boughs themselves, so that, according to Elias Levita (ThisM, s. v.), " the bundles of the willows of the brook which they earn,- at the Feast of Tabernacles are called Hosannas." The term is fre- quently applied by Jewish writers to denote the Feast of Tabemacles, the seventh day of the feast being dis- tinguished as the great Hosaima (Buxtorf, Zex. Talm. s.