Hovrley, Wii.i.iaji, D.D., an English prelate, was born at Eopley, Hampshire, in 17G5. He was educated at Winchester school, and in 1783 ^^'ent to New C<illegc, Oxford. He was elected fellow iu 1785, became canon of Christ Church in 1804, regius professor of divinity iu 1800, bishop of London in 1813. and, finally, archbislioji of Canterbury in 1828. He died in 1848. His princi- pal works are Sermon [on Isa. liv, 13] (London, 1814, 8vo): — Sermon [on Psa. xx, 7, 8] (Thanksgiving, when the eagles taken at Waterloo were deposited in the Chaperitoyal, Whitehall) (Lond. 181G,4to) :— .4 Charye delivered to the Cleryy of the Diocese of London at the Visitation of 1818 (Loud. 1818,8vo) :— .4 Charye delir- ered to the Cleryy of the Diocese of London in .July, 182(5 (Lond. 182G, 4to). — Darling, Cyclopwdia Bihlioyraphica, 1, 15G4.
Howson, John, an English divine, bom in London in 155G, was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He filled successively the vicarate of Bampton, in Oxford- shire, the rectoratc at Brightwell, in Berkshire, anil then became fellow of Chelsea College, and canon of Here- ford. In 1G19 he was appointed bishop of Oxford, and was transferred to the bishojiric of Durham in 1G28. He was also at one time vice-chancellor of Oxford. While in this position " he exerted himself against those Puritans who opposed the disciidine and ceremonies, but was afterwards a more distinguished writer and preach- er against popery." He died in 1G31. Howson was the author of a number of sermons (published 1597-16G1) ; and four of his polemical discourses against the suprem- acy of St. Peter were published by order of king James I, " to clear the aspersions laid upon him (Howson) of favoring popers^" (1G22, 4to). See Hook, Eccles. Biogr, vi, 202 ; AUibone, Diet, of A uthors, i, 908.
Hoyer, Axxa, a German enthusiast, was born at Goldenbiittel, near Eidcrstadt (Schleswig), in 1584. Her maiden name was OwiiN. In 1599 she married a nobleman called Hoyer, and when he died she retired to one of her estates, where she devoted herself to belles- lettres and poetry. Becoming acquainted with an al- chemist named Teting, who attended her during a sick- ness, she was soon fascinated by the views of the mys- tic, whom she took into her house, and considered as a prophet. She afterwards joined the Anabajitists, and thought herself insiiired. Her ardor in making prose- lytes caused her to lose nearly her Avhole fortune, and, leaving her countn,', she went to Sweden, where she found a protector in queen Eleonora ilaria. who pre- sented her with an estate on which she resided until her death in 165G. Her views, derived from Paracel- sus, David Joris, Sch\venckfeld,AVeigel, and other m.vs- tics, are expressed in indifferent verses in her Works
HOZAI
382
HUBER
(Amsterd. 1650). Some of her writings were directed against the Lutherans. See J. G. Feuchtking, Gijnecce- vm ha'ret. funat. \). ob(j sq. ; AiwoliX, Kinhen-u. Ketzer- hUt. iii, 10, 14; lloefer, Nouv. Bio(j. Gen. xxv, 319.
Hozai (Heb. Chozay', "^jin, seer; Sept. o'l ioCovTtQ, Yiiig. Ilozai, Aiith. Vers. '• the seers," marg. " Hosai"), a prophet or seer, the liistoriographer of Manasseh, king of Judah (2 Chron. xxxiii, 19). B.C. p. G42. The Jews are of opinion that Hosai and Isaiah are the same per- son; tlie Sept. takes Hosai in a general sense for propli- ets and seers : the Syriac calls him Ilanan, the Arabic Saphan. — Calmet, s. v. Bertheau {Chroiiik. Einleit. p. 35) conjectures tliat "^tin is here a corrupt rendering for D^Tin, as in ver. 18; but for this there is only the au- thority of a single Codex and the Sept. (Davidson, Re- vision of Ileb. Text, p. 221, b). See Chronicles.
Hrabanur. See Rabanus.
Hioswitha. See Roswitha.
Hu, the most eminent god of the Celtic religion, originally the founder of the religion of the Druids. See vol. ii, p. 180.
Hiiarte, Jian, the representative of Spanish phi- losopliy ill tlic ^liddle Ages, was a Frenchman by birth, and btirn about looO. He was educated at the Univer- sity of Huesca, and afterwards devoted himself to the study of medicine and philosophy. The work to which he owes his great reputation is entitled Exdrnin dc Jn- (jeidos, para las sciencias donde de muestra In illj'i f< ucia de huhilidudes que luiii en las homhres, y el ip m m <l< A ti-ns quecada uno responde en particular officina phudiuiauu (1593 ; sm. 8vo, Pamplon. 1575, and often). This work aims to show, '• by marvellous and useful secrets, drawn from true philnsn|)liy, both natural and divine, the gifts and different abilifKs fnuud in man, ainl for wliat kind of study the genius of every man is adapted, in such a manner that whoever shall read this book attentively will discover the properties of his own genius, and be able to make choice of that science in which he Mill make the greatest improvement." It has been trans- lated into English by Carew and Bellamy, imdor the title Trial of the Wits ; into German by Lessing {Prii- funfj dcr Kopfe'), and into many other languages. Huarte has been se\-erely reproached for having pub- lished as genuine a spurious letter of Lentulus, the pro- consul, from Jerusalem, in which a description of the Saviour's person is given. He died near tb.e close of the 16th century. See Antonio, Biblioth. Ilispana nova, i, 543 ; Bayle, Histor. Diet, iii, 528 ; Ticknor, History of Spanish Lit. iii, 189 ; Hoefer, Xouv. Biorj. Ginerale, xxv, 333 sq. (J.H.W.)