Hu'shai (Heb, Chushay', "idm, quich; Sept, and Josephus [Ant.vW, 9, 2] Xoixri), called "the Archite" (q, V,) (comp. Josh, xvi, 2) and '• the king's companion," i, e, vizier or intimate adviser (1 Chron, xxvii, 33), a post which he doubtless attained by his eminent services to David in defeating (B.C, cir, 1023) the plots of Ahith- ophel, in league with the rebellious Absalom (2 Sam. XV, 32, 37 ; xvi, 16-18 ; xvii, 5-15), See David, Ba- anah, Solomon's vicegerent in Asher, was doubtless the son of the same (1 Kings iv, 16),
Hu'sham (Heb, Chusham', D'j^n, but defectively dCn in Gen. xxxvi, 34, 35, hasty; Sept, 'Acrw;tt and 'Aai\C), a Temanite, successor of Joliab and predecessor of Bedad among the native princes of Mount Seir before the usuqiation of the Edomites (Gen, xxxvi, 34, 35 ; 1 Chron. i, 45), B.C. long ante 1093, and probably ante 1618.
Hu'shathite (2 Sam. xxi, 18 ; xxiii, 27 ; 1 Chron. xi, 29; XX, 4; xxvi, 11). See Hushah,
Hu'shim (Heb, Chushim', Qidm, or defect, d^irn in Gen. xlvi, 23; 1 Chron, vii, 12, hnste ; Sept. 'Q(T(>, but ■Aaoj.i in Gen. xlvi, 23, and Arroft in 1 Chron, vii, 12), the name of two men and one woman,
1. A son of Dan (Gen. xlvi, 23) ; more properly call- ed SiiuHAJi (Numb, xxvi, 42). " Hushim figiu-es prom- inently in the Jewish traditions of the recognition of Joseph, and of Jacob's burial at Hebron, See the quo- tations from the ]\Iidrash in Weil's Bib. Ler/ends, p. 88, note, and the Targum Pseudojon. on Gen. 1, 13. In the latter he is the executioner of Esau" (Smith).
2. A name given as that of "the sons of Aher" or Aharah, the third son of Benjamin (1 Chron. vii, 12 ; comp, viii, 1), and therefore only a pliu-. form for Shu- ham (see the foregoing name, and compare the fact that the following is a fem, appellation) as a representative of his brethren, Comp, Huphim, and see Benj.vjiin, B.C. post, 1856,
3. One of the wives of Shaharaim, of the tribe of Benjamin, in the country of INIoab, by whom he had Ahitub and Elpaal (1 Chron. viii, 8, 11), B.C. cir. 1618,
Husk (5T, zag, the shin of a grape, so called as being transjmrent,^ '^nmh. vi, 4; "i^p^, tsiklon', a sack for grain, so called from being tied together at the mouth, 2 Kings iv, 42) occurs also in Luke xv, 16 as a rendering of Kipc'iTtov (from its horned extremities), in the parable of the prodigal son, where it is said that '• he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat; and no man gave [even this poor provender, so IHeyer, ad loc] unto him." In the Arabic Version of the' New Testament, the word Icharuh, often written Iharm'ih, is given as a synonym of heratia. According to Celsius, the modem Greeks have converted the Ar-
abic name into )(;apoi'/3a, and in a similar form it has passed into most European languages. Though with us little more than its name is known, the carob-tree is extremely common in the south of Europe, in Syria, and in Egypt. (See Thomson, Land and the Book, i, 21.) The Arabs distinguish it by the name of Khar- nub shami — that is, the Syrian Carob, The ancients, as Theophrastus and Pliny, likewise mention it as a native of Sj-ria. Celsius states that no tree is more frequently mentioned in the Talmud (JMishna, i, 40; iv, 164; vi, 494), where its fruit is stated to be given as food to cattle and swine : it is now given to horses, asses, and mules. During the Penin- sular War the horses of the British cavalry were often fed on the beans of the carob-tree. Both PUny {Hist. Nat. XV, 23) and Columella (vii, 9) mention that it was given as food to swine (comp, INIishna, Shaab. xxiv, 2), yet was sometimes eaten by men (Horace, E^nst. ii, 1, 123 ; Juv. xi, 58 ; Pers, iii, 55 ; Sonnini, Travels in Greece, p, 26), By some it has been thought, but apparently without reason, that it was upon the husks of this tree that John the Baptist fed in the wilderness : from this idea, however, it is often called St. John's Bread end. Locust-tree. Ceratia or Ceratonia is the name of a
Ceiatoma Sihqua. tree of the family of leguminous plants, of which the fruit used to be called Siliqua edulis and Siliqua dulcis. By the Greeks, as Galen and Paulus ^Egineta, the tree is' called Keparia, Kiparwvia, from the resemblance of its fridt to Kipac, a horn ; also avKij alyvTrria, or Egyp- tian fg (Theophr. Plant, i, 18). The carob-tree grows in the south of Europe and north of Africa, usually to a moderate size, but it sometimes becomes very large, with a tnmk of great thickness, and affords an agreea- ble shade. It has been seen by travellers near Beth- lem (Kauwolf, Travels, p. 458; Schubert, iii, 115), and elsewhere (Robinson's Researches, iii, 54). Prof. Hack- ett saw it growing around Jerusalem, and the fruit ex- posed for sale in the market at Smyrna; and he de- scribes its form and uses {Illustra. of Scrij^ure, p. 129, Bost, 1855). Wilde, being in the plain near Mount Carmel, observed several splendid specimens of the ca- rob-tree. On the 15th of jNIarch he noticed the fruit as having been perfected. The husks were scattered on tlie ground, where some cattle had been feeding on them. It is an evergreen, and puts forth a great many