Izrahi'ah (Heb. YizrachyaW, f^l^H'^t"', sprout of Jthovah sc. into the world), the name of one or two men.
1. (Sept. 'ltL,c)ia ; Vulg. Israhia.) The son of Uzzi, and grandson of Tola, the son of Issachar (1 Chron. vii, 3). He was the father offive sons (ibid.). B.C. c. 1618.
2. (Sept. omits, but some copies have 'It^piac, others 'liffpiag ; Vulg. Jezraja ; A. V. '• Jezrahiah.") The su- perintendent of the singers (doubtless a Levite) who cel- ebrated the completion of the walls of Jerusalem after the Exile (Neh. xii, 42) . B.C. 446.
Iz'rahite (Heb. Yizrach', JTnP, only with the art. n'lT'^'n, the indigenous, prob. by error of transcription for "^nip, a Yizrachite [but Fllrst makes it a man's name =^Izrahiah'\,ax\A this again for ^T\'l'jVi,Ezrachite; Sept.
j has 'l(Lpai-\ V. r. 'Jiapai ; Vulg. Jezerites), a patronymic
j epithet of Shamhuth, one of David's generals (1 Chron.
I xxvii, 8), prob. so called as being descended from Zerah,
i Judah's son. See Ezrahite.
Iz'ri (Heb. Yitsri', "^"lli^ the Jezerite, otherwise a former ; Sept. 'Xia^pi; \vi!i^. Isari), the leader of the fourth division of Levitical singers under David (1 Chron. xxv, 11) ; prob. the same with Zeri, of the sons of Jeduthun, mentioned in ver. 3. B.C. 1014.
J.
Ja'akan (Heb. Yaakan', 'I^i'^ wrester; Sept, has two names, 'Iwasdi' Kal OuKajj., other copies simply Akc'iv or 'laKiji ; Vulg. Jacan), the last named of the sons of Ezer, son of Seir the Horite (1 Chron. i, 42, where it is Anglicized "Jakan"); called in the parallel passage (Gen. xxxvi, 27) by a simpler form of the same name, Ak.vn. B.C. ante 1964. His descendants appear to have settled in the northern part of the Arabah. He was the forefather of the Bene-Jaakan (q. v.), round whose wells the children of Israel twice encamped, once after they left Moseroth, and just before they went on to Hor-Hagidgad (Numb, xxxiii, 30-32), and again in a reverse direction after they left Kadesh-barnea, and before they reached Mount Ilor or JMosera (Dent, x, 6). See Bkeroth-bexe-Jaakan.
Jaak'obah [some Jaako'hah'] (Heb. Yaako'bah, T\'Z'pV2, a paragogic form -of the name Jacob; Sept. 'laKUjia), one of the prosperous descendants (S^X'^'CSj princes) of Simeon that emigrated to the valley of Ge- dor [(Jerar] (1 Cliron. iv, 36). B.C. apparently cir. 710.
Ja'ala [many Jaa'Ia] (Heb. Yadla', S^".^, ibex; Sept. 'liar]\ v. r. '\t\i]\), one of the Nethinim ("ser- vants of Solomon") whose descendants (or perhaps a place whose former inhabitants) returned from the Cap- tivity with Zernbbabel (Neh. vii, 58) : called in the par- allel passage (Ezra ii, 56) by the equivalent [the final K or n by Chaldreism] name Jaalah ("=?^, Sept. 'It- ka), B.C. ante 536.
Ja'alah [many Jad'lah'\ (Ezra ii, 56). See Jaala.
Ja'alam [many Jaii'lani] (Heb. Yalam', fi?"^, concealer; Sept. 'IfyXd/j), the second named of Esau's three sons bv Aholibamah in Canaan (Gen. xxxvi, 5, 14 ; 1 Chron." i, 35). B.C. post 1964.
Jaan. See Dan-jaan. .
Ja'anai [some Jaa'nai] (Hebrew Yanny', "^l"]^, mourner, otherwise, for iT^3"]^, answered by Jehovah; Sept. 'I aval v. r. 'Ini/iV, Vulg. Janai), one of the chief Gadites resident in Bashan (1 Chron. v, 12). B.C. be- tween 1093 and 7S2.
Jaaphar Ibn-Tophail, a distinguished Arab of the 12th century, deserves our notice as the author of a philosophical treatise entitled the History of lloi Ibn- Yokdan (translated into Latin by Pococke [Oxf. 1671] and into EngUsh by Ockley [Oxf. 1708, 8vo]). It aims to teach that " the light of nature is sufficient to lead mankind to a knowledge of the Deity without the aid of revelation." Of Jaaphar's personal history we know- scarcely anything. He is supposed to have died about I 1198. See Gorton's Biog?-aphical Dictionary, s. v.
Ja'are-or'egim (Hebrew Yuiirey' Oregim', ^1]"_^ C^"?*; Sept. 'Xpwjpyiji, Vulg. Saltus polymitarius), according to the present text of 2 Sam. xxi, 19, a Beth- lehemite, and the father of Elhanan, who slew Goliath (the words " the brother of" are added in the A. Vers.). In the parallel passage (1 Chron. xx, 5), besides other 1 diU'erences. Jair is found instead of Juure, and Oregim
JAASAU
720
JAAZER
is omitted. Orcglm is not cl:<pwhere found as a proper name, nor is it a common word ; and occurring as it docs without doubt at the end of the verse (Auth. Vers, "■weavers"), in a sentence exactly parallel to that ni 1 Sam. xvii, 7, it is not probable that it should also occur in the middle of the same. The conclusion of Kenni- cott {DUsertation, p. 80) appears to be a just one— that in the latter place it has been interpolated from the former, and that Jair or Jaar is the correct reading instead of Jaare. See Ei.hanan. Still the agreement of the an- cient versions with the present Hebrew text aifords a certain corroboration to that text, and should not be overlooked. See Jaik. The Peshito, followed by the Arabic, substitutes for Jaare-Oregim the name " Ma- laph the weaver," to the meaning of which we have no clew. The Targum, on the other hand, doubtless anx- ious to avoid any apparent contradiction of the narra- tive in 1 Sam. xvii, substitutes David for Elhanan, Jesse for Jaare, and is led by the word Oregim to relate or possibly to invent a statement as to Jesse's calling — " And David, son of Jesse, weaver of the veils of the house of the sanctuary, who was of Bethlehem, slew Goliath the ( Jittite." By Jerome Jaare is literally trans- lated '• damask-weavers' grove" (compare QucesHonis He- ir aim on both passages). In Josephus's account {Ant. vii, 12, 2) the Israelitish champion is said to have been "Xephan, the kinsman of David" (Nf^aj/of o nvyyivi)q alirou); the word kinsman perhaps reierring to the Jewish tradition of the identity of .Jair and Jesse, or simply arising from the mention of Bethlehem. In the received Hebrew text Jaare is written with a small or suspended r, showing that in the opinion of the ]\Iaso- retes that letter is imcertain. — Smith. The Jewish Jlidrashim generally identify David with Elhanan, and interpret Jaare-Oregim fancifully; e. g. (1) as David's own name, " because he was great among the forest [of the J Oregim or Weavers [of the Law] ; i.e. the Sanhe- drim, who brought the Halachah (legal decisions) be- fore him that he might weave it," as it were (Jalkut on 2 Sam. XXI, 1!) sq.); or (2) it is David's name as the son of a mother who "wove veils for the sanctuary;" or (3) as an epithet of Jesse. See Oregiji.