Jansenism. See Jansenius, 2.
Jansse, Lucas, a distinguished French Protestant theologian and writer, was born at Rouen about 1605. He studied theology at the Huguenot seminary situated at the lately celebrated Sedan, and was pastor at Rouen from 1632 to 1682, Avhen age and infirmities obliged him to resign. At the revocation of the Edict of Nantes he retired to Rotterdam, where he died Aj)ril 24tli, 1686. Jansse was a man of solid learning and lively imagina- tion. He made himself especially conspicuous by a pam- phlet— La Messe trouvee dam VEcriture (\^illefranche [Rouen], 1647, r2mo) — in which he ridiculed Veron for having, in an edition of the Louvain Bible published at Paris in 1646, translated the beginning of Acts xiii, 2 by "As they said mass unto the Lord." Li order to avoid persecution, Jansse destroyed a large number of copies ; but it was often reprinted, as in Recueil de plu- sieiirs ^ni'res cnrieitses (Villefranche [Holland], 1678, 12mo), and alone under the title/,*? Miracle du P.Veron sur la .]fi-ssf (Lond. 1699, r2mo). He wrote, also, Traite de la Fill <hi Mi)iide (Rouen and Quevill}', 1656, 8vo) : — L<' Chr.ihii III! I'hdde lu Croix (Rouen, 1683, 8vo), etc. Sec (liautlciiir, Diet. Hist.; Haag, Za France Protest.; Hocfer, Xm, r. Bi„;j. Generale, xxvi, 354. (J. N. P.)
Janssenboy, the family name of several Dutch thct)logians (juite distinguished in the Roman Catholic Church, mostly as missionaries of the Dominican order.
1. Cornelius, born near the beginning of the pres- ent century, was educated at Louvain, then went to Ita- ly, and, after preaching and teaching for some time, the Congregation of the Propaganda sent him in 1623 to the northern provinces on mission work, and, as his es- pecial held, Saxony was designated. Failing, however, to make many converts in this country, the very cradle of Protestantism, he was ordered to remove to Flanders. On his return to Italy in 1637, he was lost at sea (Oct. 11). He wrote several works of some note, mostly of a polemical nature, amongst which, of especial interest to us, his Defense de la Foi Catholique.
2. DojtiNicrs, brother of the former, born at Amster- dam ;March 14, 1047, was also dispatched to the north- ern i)riivincos at the same time as his brother Cornelius. He resided at Hamburg, but the opposition he here en- countered l)y im])rudent conduct finally resulted in his cxitulsiou from the city; and although the order was afterwanls revoked, by reason of his pleilges to be more considerate and fair in his representations of the Refurm-
JANSSENS
ers, he quitted Hamburg in 1634 and retired to a Domin- ican convent at Cologne. In 1643 his superiors sent him to Amsterdam, where he died Blarch 14, 1047. Wliile at Cologne, Dominicus published several works in de- fence of the doctrines and usages of the Roman Catholic Chm-ch, but they are rather of an inferior order.
3. Nicholas was born at Zierickzee, on the island of Schouwen, Zealand, in the second half of the 16th cen- tury. After having taken the Dominican garb at An- vers, he was appointed regent and then superior of the college at Lire, in Brabant, and afterwards professor of theology at Louvain. His superior ability pointed him out as one of the ablest men for missionary labor among the Lutherans of Denmark, and he was intrusted with this work. After a stay of several years in Holstein, Norway, and other northern provinces, he went to Rome to give an account of his labors, and to propose the measures necessary to re-establish Romanism in those countries. In 1023. he was again dispatched to the same countries, this time reinforced by his brothers above mentioned. He failed, however, in making much of an impression on the Protestants, who had heard and seen enough of Romanism and its workings to be sat- isfied that salvation did not flow through that channel. While he was treated with the utmost liberality by both the government and the people among whom he came to proclaim the doctrines of the Roman Catholic relig- ion, the converts for his religion were few, if any. But it must be conceded that Rome had well chosen the man who was likely to make converts for popery, if such a thing had been possible. Nicholas was certainly a man of great erudition, and weU qualified to gain even the admiration of his opponents. He died November 21, 1634. His works are, Panegyrique de St. Thomas d'Aquin (Louvain, 1021, 8vo): — Vie de St. Dominique (Anvers, 1022, 8vo) : — Defensio Fidei Cathol. (Anvers, 1031, 8vo), etc. See Touron, Ilommes illiisti-es de Vordre de St. Dominique ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Gen. xxvi, 355 sq. (J. H. \\.)
Janssens, Erasmus (Lat. Erasmus Johannes), a Dutch Unitarian theologian, was born about 1540. He was rector of the College of Antwerp, but his advocacy of Socinianism obliged him to resign that office in 1576. He was next rector of the College of Embden (Oost Frize), but, in consequence of new persecutions, he went in 1579 to Frankfort, and thence to Poland, where he set- tled at Cracovia in 1584. Here he asked to be permit- ted publicly to defend his opinions. The demand was granted, and the renowned Faustus Socinius was his op- ponent. Their conference lasted two days (29th and 30th of November, 1584), and passed off calmly; but, both having subsequently published an account of the proceedings, they accused each other of incorrectness. Janssens, however, on being offered the pastorship of a Unitarian congregation at Clausemburg, in Transylva- nia, retracted his former principles, and adopted tliose of Socinius (q. v.), who, as is well known, by his great ability not only silenced all the anti-Trinitarians that differed from his views, but finally even gained them all over to his side (comp. Krasinski, Reformation in Pohmd [Lond. 1840, 2 vols. 8vo], ii, 306). Janssens is supposed to have died near the close of the 16th century. His principal works were, Clara Dernonstraiio Antichristuni immediate post mortem apostolorum. capisse rer/nare in Ecckski rhrisli (15^4, 12mo) [this work gave rise to the persecurioiis w hich obliged Janssens to retire to Poland]: — Antitliisi.t iliirtriiiiv Christi et Anti-Chrisli de iino vera Deo (anon. 1585, 12mo; with a refutation by Jerome Zanchio, Neustadt, 1586, 4to) : — Scriptt/m quo causas propter quas vita cBterna contingat complectitvr, etc. (1589): — Fjtittola ad Faustum Socinum,v,\th an answer of the latter dated April the 20th, 1590 : — De Unigeniti Filii Dei existtntia, sire disputatio i?>ter Er-asmum Jo- hannetn et Fanstiim Soeimtm, etc. (Cracov. 1595, 12mo): — De Quatuor Monarr/ilis : — Commentarius in Apoca- lypsin. He published, also, the Biblionim Pars IV, id est Libri Prophetici, Latina recensio ex Ilebrcea faciui