Lambert, Chandley, a jMethod,ist Episcopal min- ister, was born in Alford, Berkshire County, JNIass., in 1781, and converted at Lansingburg, N. York, March 27, 1804. He entered the Black Kiver Conference in 1807, labored with great zeal and success for twenty years, was superannuated in 1827, and died at Lowville, N. Y., March 16, 1845. Lambert was a man of great integrity
and usefulness. His mind was superior and well stored with information, and his preaching eminently practical and fidl of the Holy Ghost. Many souls were convert- ed through his labors. — Black River Conference Memo- rial, \>.\i>^. (G. L.T.)
Lambert, Francis (generally known as T^ambert of Avignon, the name of his native place), also called John Sekranus, a French theologian, and one of the early apostles of the Keformation, was born in- 1487. At the age of sixteen he became a Gray Friar, was then ordained priest, and preached for a while with great success. He soon, however, tired of the world, and, thinking to find peace of mind in stricter seclusion, he asked permission to join the Carthusians. Refused by his superiors, he left his order in 1522, and embraced the doctrines of Luther, whose writings he had secured and carefully studied. On a visit to Switzerland he was re- ceived by Sebastian de Monte Falcone, prince-bishop of Lausanne, and went to Berne and Zurich, where he had a public conference with Zwingle. He thereupon cast aside the dress of his order, took the name of John Ser- ranus, and began preaching the rcfc)rraed principles in the several cities of Switzerland and Germany. In 1522 he held public conferences at Eisenach, and was greatly instrumental in propagating the Reformation in Thu- ringia and Hesse. In January, 1523, he joined Luther at Wittenberg, where he wrote his commentaries on Hosea and other books. In 1524 he went to Metz, and afterwards to Strasburg, where he remained until called to Hombourg by the landgrave, Philip of Hesse, in 1526. Here, in a synod held in October of the same year, he argued in Latin, and Adam Craton,or Crafft, in German, against the tenets of the Roman Catholic Church as de- fended by Nicholas Ilerborn and John Sperber. The latter were declared vanquished and driven out of Hesse. The convents were closed up, and their revenues em- ployed to establish four hospitals and a Protestant acad- emy at Marburg. Lambert became its first professor of theology. In 1529 he took part in the Conference of Marburg between the theologians of Switzerland, Sax- ony, Suabia, and other southern German provinces. He died April 18,1530. All the writers of his time agree in calling him a learne<l, industrious, and upright man. His numerous works are now very scarce; among the most important are Commentai'ius in Evanrjelium Iju- cce. (Wittemberg, 1523, 8vo; Nuremberg and Strasburg, 1525, 8vo; Frankfort, 1693, 8vo): — hi Cantica canfico- rum Salomonis libellus, etc. (Strasburg, 1524, 8vo) : — De fideliiun vocatione in rcffnum Christi, id est Ecclesiam, etc. (Strasburg, 1525, 8vo) : — Farrago omnium fere re- rum theologicurum (1525?), consisting of 385 proposi- tions arranged into thirteen chapters, and which con- tain the whole theological system of the author: — In Johdem j-irophetam, etc. (Strasb. 1525, 8vo): — In Amos, Abdiam, et Jonam, et Allegorice in Jonam (Strasburg, 1525, 8vo) : — In Micheam,Nuum et Abacuc (Strasburg, 1525, 8vo) : — Theses theologicm in synodo I/omburgensi dispictatcB (Erfurt, 1527, 4to and 8vo) : — Exegeseos in Apocalipsim libri vii (Marburg, 1528, 8vo) : — De Sgm- bolo foederis numquani rumpendi quani communionem va- cant ; Fr. Lamberti Confessio, etc. (1530, 8vo ; translated into German, 1557, 8vo) : — Conimenfarii in quatuor libros Regum et in Acta Apostolorum (Strasb. 1526; Frankft. 1539) : — De Regno, Civitate et Domo Dei ac Domini nus- tri J.-C, etc. (Worms, 1538, 8vo). See J. G. Schelhorn, Amanitates Litteraria, iv, 807, 312, 324, 328, x, 1235 ,• Seckendorf, Commentarius de Lutheranismo, lib. ii, sect, viii ; Frcher, Theatrum VironmiDoctorum, i, 104 ; Bayle, Hist. Diet, iii, 708 sq. ; J. Tilemann, Vitce. Professorum theologice AIarpu?-gensiu!7i; Abraham Scultet, Annales Evangelii, ann. 1526; Le Long, Biblioth. Sacra; J. F. Hekelius, Epistolm Singular, manip. primus; Niceron, Memoires, xxxix, 234 sq. ; Hoefer, Xoiir. Biog. Genirale, xxix, 132 ; Baum (Johann W.\ Lambert v. A rignon nach seimm Leben. etc. (1840); HchTiJckh, Kirchengeschichte s.d.Ref. i, 380,434; ii, 219.
Lambei't, George, a Presbyterian minister, was
LAMBERT
208
LAMBRUSCHINI
born Jan. 31, 1742, at Chelsea, En,£jland. In 1707 he became a student at the theological school under the charge of liev. James Scott, at Hcckmondwicke, iMig- land. lie pursued his studies there for live years, and then accepted tlie charge of a church at Hull, April 9. 17(j9, wlicre lie continued his ministrations until his death, JNIarch 17, 1816. Mr. Lambert was a minister of more than ordinarj- power and success, attaching to liimself, by his intellectual vigor, moral worth, and Christian excellence, not onl\' his own people, but also numerous members and ministers of other denomina- tions. He published two volumes of his sermons, On various useful and important Subjects, adapted to the Family and the Closet. Lambert was one of the found- ers of the London IMissionary Society, and preached its first anniversary sermon in May, 1796. See Morison, JIL^siiinari/ Fathers, p. 375 sq.
Lambert, Johann Heinrich, a noted German phil(iso|)her and mathematician, was born Aug. 29, 1728, at jMuhlhausen, Alsace, of a French Protestant family. His talents and application to study having gained him friends, he obtained a good education, making remark- able progress in mathematics, philosophy, and Oriental languages. In 1756-58 he visited Holland, France, and Italy, and while residing in the tirst-named country ap- peared in print mth his Sur les jnvprietes remarquables de la route de la lumiere, etc. In 176-t Frederick the Great summoned him to Berlin, and made him a mem- ber both of the Council of Architecture and of the Acad- emy of Sciences. He died in that city Sept. 25, 1777, leaving behind him the renown of having been the greatest analyst in mathematics, logic, and metaphysics that the 18tli century had produced. Lambert was the first to lay a scientific basis for the measurement of the intensity of light in his Pijrometrie (Augsburg, 1700). and he discovered the theory of the speaking-tube. In philosophy, and particularly in analytical logic, he sought to establish an accurate system by bringing mathematics to bear upon these subjects, in his Neues Organon, oder Gedanken iiher die Erj'orschunf/ tend Be- ziehumj des Wahren (Lpzg. 1704, 2 vols.). Of his other ^vorks, we may mention his profound Kosmologiscke Briefe iiber die Einrichtung des Weltbaus (Augsb. 1761), and his correspondence with Kant. See Hoefer, Koin: Bioff. Generale, xxix, 151 sq. ; Chambers, Ci/clop. s. v. ; Graf, JAimbert's Leben (1829) ; Huber, Lambei-t nach s. Lebenii.Wirken (1829).