Foreign Slaves to be held and inherited as property for- ever (Lev. xxv, 45, 46) ; and fugitive slaves from foreign nations not to be given up (Deut. xxiii, 15). See Si.avk.
(i>) Foreigners. They seem never to have been aid juris, or able to pro- tect themselves, and accordingly protection and kindness towards them are enjoined as a sacred duty (Exod. xxii, 21 ; Lev. xix, 33, 34).
2. Law op Tuings.
(a) Laics of Land (and Propertii).
(1) AU Laiul to be the property of God alone, and its hold- ers to be deemed His tenants (Lev. xxv, 2.S).
(2) AU sold Land tlierefcH'e to retMrn to its original own- ers at the jubilee, and the price of sale to be calculated accordingly ; and redemption on equitable terms to be al- lowed at ail times (xxv, •J5-'.'7).
,1 House sold to be redeemable within a year; and, if not redeemed, to pass away altogether (xxv, 29, 30).
But the Hou.frs of the Levites, or those in nnwalled vil- lages, to be redeemable at all times, iu the same way as laiid; and the Levitieal suburbs to be inalienable (xxv, 31 -34).
(3) Land or Houses sanctified, or tithes, or unclean flrst- lintrs, to he capable of beinir redeemed at six-fifths value (calculated according to the distance from the jubilee year l>y the priest) : if devoted by the owner and unredeemed, to be hallowed at the jubilee forever, and given to the priests; if only by a possessor, to leluru to the owner at the jubilee (Lev. xxvii, 14-34).
LAW OF MOSES
287
LAW OF MOSES
(4) Inheritance:
(I) Sons. I
('2) Daughti'TH. \
(,3) Brotitera.
(4) Vnch» on the Path
(5) N^xt Kinsinenj generally,
(b) Laws of Debt.
Ci) All Dehts (to an Isi-aelite) to be released at the seventh (sabbatical) year ; a blessing promised to obedience, and a curse on rcl'iisal to lend (Dent, xv, 1-11).
(2'i Interest (from Israelites) not to be taken (Exod. xxii, 25-v!T ; Deut. xxiii, I'J, 2U).
(3) Pleihjcs not to be insolently or ruinously exacted (Deut. xxiv, 6, lU-13, 17, 18).
(o) Taxation.
(1) Censits-moneij, a poll-tax (of a half shekel), to be paid for the service of the tabernacle (Exod. xxx, 12-16).
All spoil in war to be halved; of the combatant's half, one tive hundredth, of the people's, one fiftieth, to be paid for a " heave-ofl'eriug" to Jehovah. • (2) Tithes :
(a) Tithes of all produce to he given for maintenance of the Levites (Numb, xviii, 20-24).
(Of this, one tenth to be paid as a heave-ofi"ering [for maintenance of the priests] [Numb, xviii, 2'1- 32J.) (6) Second Tithe to be bestowed in religious feasting and charity, either at the Holy Place, or every third year at home (?) (Deut. xiv, 22-28). (c) First-frtiits of corn, wine, and oil (at least one six- tieth, generally one fortieth, for the priests) to be offered at Jerusalem, with a solemn declaration of dependence on God, the King of Israel (Deut. xxvi, 1-15 ; Numb, xviii, 12, 13).
Firstlings of clean beasts; the redemption-money (5 shekels) of man, and (t shekel, or 1 shekel) of un- clean beasts, to be given to the priests after sacrifice (Numb, xviii, 15-18).
(3) Poor-Laws :
(«) Gleanings (in field or vineyard) to be a legal right of the poor (Lev. xix, 9, 10 ; Deut. xxiv, 19-22).
Q>) Sliqlit Trespass (eating on the spot) to be allowed as legal (Deut. xxiii, 24, 25).
(c) Second Tithe (see 2, b) to be given in charity.
(f/) Wages to be jiaid dag bg dag (Deut. xxiv, 15).
(4) Maintenance of Priests (Numb, xviii, 8-32). (a) Tenth of Levites' Tithe. (See 2, a.)
(f>) The heave and wave offerings (breast and right shoul- der of all peace-ofl'erings).
(c) The meat and sin offerings, to be eaten solemnly, and only in the holy place.
{d) First-fruits and redemption money. (See 2, c.)
(c) Price of all devoted things, unless specially given for a sacred service. A man's service, or that of his household, to be redeemed at 50 shekels for man, 30 for woman, 20 for boy, and 10 for girl.
(II.) LAWS CRIMINAL.
1. Offences against God (of the nature of treason). Ist Command. Acknowledgment of false gods (Exod.
xxii, 2(1), as e. g.. Moloch (Lev. xx, 1-5), and generally all idolatry (Deut. xiii ; xvii, 2-5).
2d Command. Witchcraft and false prophecg (Exod. xxii, 18; Deut. xviii, 9-22; Lev. xix, 31).
3d Command, lilasphcmg (Lev. xxiv, 15, 16).
4tti Command. Sabbath-breaking (Numb, xv, 32-30).
Punishment in all cases, death bg stoning. Idolatrous cities to be utterly destroyed.
2. Offences against Man.
5th Command. Disobedience to or cursing or smiting of parents (Exod. xxi, 15, 17; Lev. xx, 9; Deut. xxi, 18-21), to be punished by death by stoning, [(ublicly adjudged and inflicted : so also ofdisobedience to the priests (as judges) or Supreme Judge. Cump. 1 Kings xxi, 10-14 (Nahoth) ; 2 Chron. xxiv, 21 (Zechariah).
6th Command. (1) Mi(rder, to be punished by death without sanctuary or reprieve, or satisfaction (Exod. xxi, 12, 14; Deut. xix, ll-l.i). Death of a slave, actually under the rod, to be punished (Exod. xxi, 20, 21).
(2) Death bg negligence, to be punished by death (Exod. xxi, 2S-30).
(3) Accidental Homicide; the avenger of blood to be es- caped by flight to the cities of refuge till the death of the high-priest (Numb, xxxv, 9-28 ; Deut. iv, 41^3 ; xix, 4-10).