Lodensteiii, Jonocis von, a noted Dutch theo- logian, was born at Delft in 1620. He studied under Voetius at Utrecht, and under Cocceius and Amesius at Franeker, and became preacher atZoetemer in 1644; at Sluys, in Flanders, in 1650, and at Utrecht in 1652— in all of which places he used every exertion to revive the spirit of practical piety among his countrymen, whom great prosperity had rendered worldly-minded and in- difierent. When, in 1672, the country was threatened by the invasion of the French under Louis XIV, he pro- claimed it a judgment of the Lord, and called on them to repent. He found many followers. In 1665 he ceased to administer the Lord's Supper, from conscientious scru- ples. Laying great stress on purity of life and of heart, he feared lest he might administer it to some unworthy to receive this sacred ordinance. The number of his adherents gradually increased, and they spread over the whole Netherlands, but they never separated from the Reformed Church like the Labadists. The effect of Lo- denstein's doctrines in Holland was like that following Spener's labors afterwards in Germany, He died pastor of Utrecht in 1677. He wrote Verfullenes Christenthum (published after his death by J. Hofmann), Reforma- tionss])iegel (to be found also in Arnold's Kirchen u. Ket- zerhistorie), and a number of hymns, etc. — Herzog,^e«^- Encyldop. x, 450. (J. N. P.)
Lodge (properly some form of the verb "lb, lun, or '{^h, Un, to stay over night, avXllopai, etc.). See Inn. In Isa. i, 8, the " lodge in a garden" (n5!lb73, melunah', a lodging-place, rendered " cottage" in Isa. xxiv, 20) sig- nifies a shed or lodge for the watchman in a garden ; it also refers to a sort of hanging bed or hammock, which travellers in hot climates, or the watchmen of gardens or vineyards, hang on high trees to sleep in at night, probably from the fear of wild beasts (Isa. xxiv, 20). The lodge here referred to was a little temporary hut consisting of a low framework of poles, covered with boughs, straw, turf, or similar materials, for a shelter from the heat by day and the cold and dews by night, for the watchmen that kept the garden, or vineyard, during the short season while the fruit was ripenjng (Job xxvii, 18), and speedily removed when it had served that purpose. It is usually erected on a slight artificial mound of earth, with just space sufficient for one person, who, in this confined solitude, remains con- stantly watching the ripening crop, as the jackals dur- ing the vintage often destroy whole vineyards, and likewise commit great ravages in the gardens of cucum- bers and melons. This protection is also necessary to prevent the depredations of thieves. To see one of these miserable sheds standing alone in the midst of a field or on the margin of it, occupied by its solitarj- watcher, often a decrepit or aged person, presents a striking im- age of dreariness and loneliness (Hackett's Illustra. of Scripture, p. 162). See Cottage.
Lodge, Nathan, a Methodist Episcopal minister, was born in Loudon County, Va., August 20, 1788; was converted in 1804, entered the Conference at Baltimore in 1810, and died Nov. 27, 1815. He was a very zeal- ous and useful minister, and many souls were converted through his preaching. He was greatly lamented by his people, among whom he was suddenly cut down. — Minutes of Conferences, i, 278.
Lodge, Robert, a member of the Societj' of Friends, was b(jrn at jMasham, Yorkshire, about 1636. He was a religious youth, and became a Friend about 1660. He preached and suffered for the Quaker cause in Ireland. On July 15, 1690, he died, assuring his
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friends, " Blessed be God, I have heavenly peace." See Jauney, Hist, of Friends, ii, 43-i.
Lodur, one of the three Norse divuiities (Odin and Haneri, \\'ho, walking at the sea-shore, created the first pair of men. See Loki.
Loffler, Friedrich Simon, a German Protestant theologian, nephew of the celebrated philosopher Leib- nitz, was born at Leipzic Aug. 9, 1GG9, and was educated at the university of his native place. In 1689 he be- came magister of philosophy and bachelor of divinity. In 1G95 he was appointed pastor at Probstheida, and served his people until 1745, when, on account of age, he was made emeritus preacher. He died in 1748. He wrote Specimen exeges. s. de operariis in vinea : — Diss, de Utteris Bellerophonteis ; etc.
Lofller, Josias Friedrich Christian, a noted German Protestant theologian, was born at Saalfeld Jan- uary 18, 1752. Having lost his father in 17G3, he was educated in the orphan asylum and at the University of Halle. In 1774 he went to Berlin, where he made the acquaintance of Teller, and in 1777 became minis- ter of one of the churches of that city. He now made himself known as a writer by translating Souverain's renowned work on the Platonism of the fathers. In 1778 he \vcnt to Silesia as chaplain of a Prussian regi- ment, but returned at the end of a year to Berlin, where he resumetl his office, devoting also part of his time to educational pursuits. In 1783 he became professor of theology at Frankfort-on-the-Oder. and minister of the principal church of that city. Here his rationalistic views made him many enemies. In 1787 he was ap- pointed general superintendent at Gotha, but entered on this office only in the following year. The Uni- versitv of Copenhagen conferred on him the degree of D.D. in 1792. He died February 4, 181G. Hiffler pub- lished a number of separate sermons, dissertations, and tracts, and was after 1803 the editor of the continuation of Teller's Magazin J'iir Predifjer. See Doring, Die deutsch. Kanzelredner des 18 and 19 Jahrh. p. 223 ; Her- zog, Real-Encyklopadie, viii, 451.