Lump (nban, debeluh'), a round mass of any sub- stance pressed together, specially of dried figs (2 Kings XX, 7; Isa. xxxviii, 21; "cake," 1 Sam. xxv, 18; xxx, 12 ; 1 Chron. xii, 40). The Greeks adopted the Heb. term in a softened form, TraXa^t], which the Sept. uses. This was the usual shape in which tigs were preserved for sale or use among the ancients, and is stOl found in the modern package called a " drum of figs." (See Cel- sii Ilierohot, ii, 377-379 ; J. E. Faber on Harmar's Ohs. i, 389 sq.) See Fig.
The term rendered " lump" in the New Test, is tpvpa- fia, a kneaded 7nass, e. g. of potter's clay prepared for moulding (Rom. ix, 21), or of dough (proverbially, 1 Cor. V, 6 ; Gal. v, 9 ; tropically, Rom. xi, 1(5 ; 1 Cor. v, 7). See Pottery.
Iiumper, Gottfried, a noted Benedictine, was boru in 1747, and entered in his youth the Benedictine cloister of St. George at Villingen, in the Black Forest of Baden. He remained there in various ofiices, and as theological teacher, till his death in 1801, and distin- guished himself by his works on Church History, the chief of which is Historia theologico-critica de vita, scriptis atque doctriiia SS. Patrum, aliorumque scripio- rum ecclesiasticorum trium pirimorum sceculorum (Augs- burg, 1783-1799, 13 vols. 8vo). See Wetzer und Welte, Kirchen-Lexikon, s. v.
Lumsdeil, Willi^vji O., a minister of the Method- ist Episcopal Church, was born in Alexandria, Va., about 1805. He was converted in the fifteenth year of his age, was received into the Baltimore Annual Confer- ence in 1824, and held the following appointments in the states of Pennsylvania, IMaryland, antl Virginia : 1824, Prince George's; 1825, Harford ; 1826, Bedford Circuit; 1827, Phillipsburg; 1828, Gettysburg; 1829, Fairfax; 1830, Stafford; 1831, Prince George and St. Mary's; 1832-3, Montgomery; 1834, Severn; 1835, Springfield; 1836-7, CarUsle Circuit; 1838-9, Fairfax; 1840, West- moreland ; 1841-2, Winchester Circuit ; 1843-4, Calvert ; 1845-6, William Street, Baltimore ; 1847, Whatcoat, Bal- timore ; 1848, Baltimore Circuit ; 1849, Summerfield. In 1850 failing health obliged him to take a supernumera- ry relation. He died May 15, 1868. He was an active and efhcient laborer in the vineyard of the Lord to the last. Though he was a supernumerary for eighteen years, he ceased not to preach of" the things pertaining to the kingdom of God." See Conf. Minutes, 1869, p. 13.
Luna, Pedro de. See Benedict XHI (A).
Lunatic (at\r]viai,opai, to be moon-struck, as the Latin term luiuiticus also siguifics, a term the origin of which is to be found in the belief that diseases of a par- oxysmal character were affected by the light, or by the changes of the moon), in Greek usage is i. q. epileptic, the symptoms of which disease were supposed to become more aggravated with the increasing moon (comp. Lu- can. Tox. 24) ; in the N. Test, (and elsewhere) the same malady is ascrilied to the influence of dasmons or malig- nant spirits (Matt, iv, 24; xvii, 15; comp. Lucan. Phi- lops. 16; Isidor. Ojtg. iv, 7; Manetho, iv, 81, 216). In the enumeration of Matt, iv, 24, the " lunatics" are dis- tinguished from the da'moniacs; in Matt., xvii, 15, tlie name is applied to a boy who is expressly declared to have been possessed. It is evident, therefore, that tlie word itself refers to some disease affecting both the body
and the mind, which might or might not be a sign of possession. Perhaps the distinction in the one case was that of periodicity or lucid intervals, in contrast with the continual deraency of the possessed. See D-emo- NiAC. Persons of this description are highly venerated in the East as saints, or individuals highly favored of heaven. In Egypt, according to Lane {Modern Egyp- tians, i, 345 sq.), " Lunatics who are dangerous to soci- ety arc kept iu confinement, but those who are harmless are generally regarded as saints. JNIost of the reputed saints of Egypt are either lunatics, or idiots, or impos- tors. Some of them go about perfectly naked, and are so highly venerated that even women do not shun them. j\Ien of this class are supported by alms, which they often receive without asking for them. An idiot or a fool is vulgarly regarded by them as a being wliose mind is in heaven, while his grosser part mingles among orduiary mortals; consequently he is regarded as an es- pecial fiivorite of heaven." This opinion entertained of lunatics by the Orientals serves to illustrate what is said of David when he fled to Achish, king of the PhiUs- tines, and feigned himself mad, and thus saved his life (1 Sam. xxi, 10-15). Also the words of the apostle are thought to be illustrated from the same superstitious custom : " For ye suffer fools gladly, seeing ye your- selves are wise" (2 Cor. xi, 19). See Madness.
Lundy, Benjamin, an American philanthropist, of Quaker parentage, was born at Handwich, Sussex Co., N. J., Jan. 4, 1789. At the age of nineteen he went to learn the saddler's trade in "\Mieeling, Ya., and there gained an insight into, and a lasting hatred of, negro slaver\^ He organized in 1815 an association called the " Union Humane Society," and soon after joined Charles Osborne. Esq., in publishing The Emancipator, at Mount Pleasant, O. In 1821 he successfully started a monthly entitled The Genius of Universal Emancipa- tion, into which he afterwards merged The Emancipator. In 1824 he delivered his first antislavery address at Deep Creek, North Carolina, and lecturing and journey- ing about on foot from place to place, organized about fourteen abolition societies in that state, besides some in Virginia. In the same year he removed The Genius to Baltimore, and issued it weekty. In 1825 lie visited Hay ti, and made provisions there for emancipated slaves. In 1828 he visited the antislaverj' advocates of the East, and lectured in their principal cities. In 1828-9 he was assaulted for alleged libel, censured by the court, and compelled to remove his paper to Washington, and final- ly to Philadelphia, where he gave it the name of The National Inquirer, and finally it merged into The Penn- sylvania Freeman, In 1838 his property was burnt up by the proslavery mob which fired Pennsylvania Hall, Undaunted, he began anew by issuing The Genius at Lowell, La Salle Co., 111., and there continued until his death, August 22, 1839. See Earle, Life, Travels, etc., of Bevj. Lundy ; Greeley, .4 ?«e?'ica« Conflict, \,\\.\; Drake, Diet, of A mer. Biog, s. v.