MAGDALEN
632
MAGI
Rahh. s. V. ■Maria ; ami Buxtorf, Lex. Talm. col. 389, 1459.) Maitilaliim is ineiitioncd as between Tiberias and Ca- pernaum as early as by Willibald, A.D. 722 ; since that time it is occasionally named by travellers, among oth- ers Quaresmius, jBYwcif/a/io, p. 8G6 b; Sir K. Guyllbrde, Pijlgrijmage ; Breydenbach, p. 29 ; Bonar, Land of Prom- ise, p. 433, 434, and 549. Buchanan {Clerical Furlough, p. 375) describes well the striking view of the northern j)art of the lake which is obtained from el-Mejdel" (Smith). This was probably also the Migdal-el (q. V.) in the tribe of Naphtali, mentioned in Josh, xix, 3y. See Burckhardt, S;ijria, p. 559 ; Seetzen, in Monat. Cor- 1-esp. xviii, 349 ; Fisk, Life, p. 316 ; Tobler, Dritte Wan- derutif/, p. 46 ; Schubert, iii, 250.
Mag'dalen (or Magdalene) (May^a\i]vi), fem. adj. from Mcif/dula), a surname regularly applied to one of the iMarys in the Gospels, derived from her place of nativity or former residence, in order to distinguish her from the other Marys (Matt, xxvii, 56, 61 ; xxviii, 1 ; Mark xv, 40, 47; xvi, 1, 9; Luke viii, 2; xxiv, 10; John xix, 25; xx, 1, 18). See Magdala.
Magdalen, rkligious Order of, a denomination given to divers communities of nuns, consisting gener- ally of reformed prostitutes ; sometimes also called Mu(j- d(denettes. They were established at Naples in 1324, at Paris in 1492, at Mentz in 1542,' and at Kouen and Bor- deaux in 1618. In each of these monasteries there were three kinds of persons and congregations: (1) nuns proper and under vow, bearing the name of S(.Mar/da- len ; (2) the congregation of St. Martha, composed of those not yet fully avowed; (3) the congregation of St. Lazarus, composed of such as were detained by force. The Order of St. Magdalen at Rome was established by pope Leo X. Clement YIII settled a revenue on them, and further appointed that the eifects of all pub- lic prostitutes dying intestate should fall to them, and tliat the testaments of the rest should be invalid unless they bequeathed to them a portion of their effects, at least a tifth part. The term originated in the mis- taken notion that Mary Magdalen, of whom we read in the Gospel, was a woman of bad character; a notion which is still very prevalent, notwithstanding the in- creased attention that has been given to the interpre- tation of holy Scripture. — Buck, Theol. Diet. s. v. See Mary JIagdalex.
Magdalena de Pazzi, a saint of the Romish Church, was born at Florence April 2, 1566. She be- longed to one of the highest families in Tuscany; was educated in the convent of the Hospitable Nuns of St. John the Little; refused to marry, and. May, 27, 1584, took the veil in the Carmelite convent of St. Mary of the Angels. Her name, hitherto Catharine de Gere de' Pazzi, was now changed to Maria Magdalena. She be- came wild in her religious enthusiasm, claimed to have visions, and to hold converse with the angels, with the Virgin, and even with Clirist himself. She filled divers offices in her convent, and died May 25, 1607. Pope Urban VIII in the same year beatified her, and in 1669 she was canonized by ^Uexander VII. Her biography was written by her confessor Puccini, and her works were collected by the Carmelite Salvi of Bologna (Ven. 1 739). See Bolland, ad 25 Maii; Baillet, I 'ies des Saints ; Richard et Giraud, BiUiotheque Sacree; Herzog, Reul- Encykiop. viii, 662 ; Hoefer, Nouv.Biog. Gen., xxxii, 615.
Magdeburg Centuries. See Centuuies of
MA(;i)i-,r.ri:(;.
Mag'diel (Hcb. ^faridi,'l','b^^'^:,^,endnvedofGod; Sept. Vti-;(uii\ and Mecii'iX v. r, Mf-oa»'j\),the success- or of .AIil>zar, ami predecessor of Iram among the Kdo- mitish chiefs wlio held sway along with tlie native princes in Mount Scir (Gen. xxxvi, 43 ; 1 Chfon. i, 54). B.C, ante 1619.
Ma'ged (MaK-fC, Vnlg, Afar/eth), a false Anglicizing (1 iSIacc. v, 36) of tlie name ^Maked (1 I\Iacc, v, 26).
Magee, Thomas, a Methodist Episcopal minis-
ter, was bom in Limerick, Ireland, March 11, 1822; was brought to America at nine years of age ; was converted near Whitehall, (ireen Co., 111., in 1841 ; joined the Illi- nois Conference in 1843 ; was verj- successful as a min- ister, and in 1852 signally so as agent of the Illinois "\Ves- leyan University. In 1852-3 he was stationed at Spring- field. He diedatBloomington,Ill.,Mar.23,1854. From orphanage and neglected wickedness, and after majority by the transforming power of grace and strenuous effort, Mr. Magee became in fourteen years one of the foremost ministers of his Conference. His powerful frame, de- cided talents, and indomitable energy enabled him to labor mightily for God. — Minutes of Conferences, v, 476. Magee, "William, D.D., a noted Anglican prelate, was born March 18, 1766, in the countj- of Fermanat, Ire- land, and was educated at the University of Dublin (Trinity College). He obtained all the college honors, and graduated A.B. in 1785, and in 1788 was elected a fellow. His friends desired him to enter the legal pro- fession, but he himself inclined to the ministrj', and in 1790 he was ordained, acting at this time as a tutor in his alma mater; later he became assistant professor of the Oriental languages, and in 1806 senior fellow and professor of mathematics. In 1812 he retired from the university, and accepted the livings of Kappagh, in Ty- rone, and Killyleagh, in Down ; in 1814 he was appoint- ed dean of Cork, and there became greatly celebrated as a piUpit orator. Notwithstanding the length of his dis- courses (he never preached less than one hour) lie was followed by crowds, tliough no man less courted popu- larity. His sermons, his biographer says, "might be characterized as solid Gospel truth, strongly and plainly enforced in simplicity and sincerity." Bishop Barring- ton, a contemporary, thus comments upon Dr. Magee's eloquence: "I have often heard and admired JMr. Pitt, but while I am listening to my friend dean Magee I feel that if I were to shut my eyes I could fancy that Mr. Pitt was speaking." In 1819 Dr. Magee was pro- moted to the bishopric of Raphoe ; in 1821, when George IV visited Dublin, he was appointed by the king dean of the Viceregal Cliapel at the castle ; and in 1822, .ifter declining the archbishopric of Cashel, he became arch- bishop of Dublin. He died Aug. 18, 1831. Archbishop Magee is noted particularly f(3r his opposition to Roman- ism and Unitarianism. Against the latter he sent forth his Discourses on the Atonement and Sacrifce (1811, 8vo; 2d edit. 1812, 2 vols.Svo; 3d edit. 1816,3 vols.8vo; 7th edit. 1841, 1 vol. royal 8vo), universally jironounced one of the ablest critical and controversial works of modem times. His Works were published in 1842, in 2 vols. 8vo, with a memoir of his life by Arthur H. Kin- ney, D.D. See, besides this Memoir in Worls, the Dub- lin Universily Magazine, xxvi, 480 sq. ; xxvii, 750 sq. ; Christian Obsei-ver, 1843 (jNIay and June) ; Christian Ex- aminer, xxviii, 63 sq. ; Allibone, Diet, of British and A merican A utlwrs, s. v. (J. H. W.)