Mar'inioth (2 Esdr. i,2),the Latin form of Mkre- Morii ((1. v.).
Marin, Michel Ange, a French ecclesiastical writ- er, was born of a noble family at Marseilles in 1697. In 1714 he was admitted to tlie order of the Minimes; was employed in their schools, and four times filled a pro- vincial office. He possessed not only a liking fm- the- ology and natural history, but also a natural taste for belles-lettres. His style is a little diffuse, and some- times weak and incorrect, without being entirely void of elegance. He died April 3, 1767, at Avignon. His works are mainly in the department of practical relig- ion. We note Lei desastres de Barbacun chin errant dins Avif/noun (Avignon, 1722, 1759, 16mo; Aix, 1744) : ■ — Conduite Spirituelle de la sceur Violet (Avignon, 1740, 12mo) : — .1 delaide de Witshuri/ ou la Pieuse pensiunnaire (Avignon, 1744, 12mo) : — La Parfuite Relirjieuse (Avign. 1752, i2mo) : — Virghde, ou la viirje Chretienne, histoire Sicilienne (Avignon, 1752, 2 vols. 12mo) : — Vies dcs Peres des deserts d'Orient, avec leur doctrine spirituelle et leur discipline monastique (Avignon, 1761-64, 3 vo!s.4to, or 9 12mo ; Lyons, 1824, 9 vols. 8vo) : — Le Baron de Van Hes- den, ou la republique des incr-edules (Toulouse, 1762, 5 vols. 12mo) •.—Af/nes de Saint-Amour, ou la fervente no- vice (Avignon, 1762, 2 vols. 12mo ; Marseilles, 1829) : — Theodule ou I'enfant de la benediction (Avignon, 1762, 12mo): — Farfalla, ou la commedienne conrertie (Avig- non, 1762, 12mo) : — Agelique (Avignon, 1766, 2 vols. 12mo; Marseilles, 1830) : — La Marquise de los Valienies, ou la Dame Chretienne (Avignon, 1765, 2 vols. 12mo) : — Lettres uscetiques et morales (Avignon, 1769, 2 vols. 12mo). — Hoefer, Xouv. Biog. Generale, s. v.
Marina i>e Escobar. See Escobar.
Mariner (n|"Q, mallach', a seaman, comp. Gr. a\i- fi'c, Eiig. " an old salt ;" Ezek. xxvii, 9, 27, 29 ; Jonah i, 5; ^'''^':^, shatim', Ezek. xxvii, 8, " ?-02re/-s," as in ver. 26), a sailor. See Ship.
Marini, Giovanni Filippo, an Italian .Jesuit and missionary, was born near (Jenoa in 16(18 ; resided four- teen years at Tonking, Japan, and died in that country
in 1677, He published Delia Missions de padri deUa comp.di Giesu nella prorincia di Giappone e particolar- mente di quella di Tunchino (Kome, 1663, 4to) ; and ^4 Xeio and Curious A ccount of the Kingdoms of Tonquin and Laos (1666), considered quite valuable. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, s. v.
Marino, or San Marino, one of the most ancient and most limited republican states of Europe, consists of a craggy mountain 2200 feet in height, situated amid the lesser ranges of the Apennines, and encircled by provinces formerly belonging to the pontifical states. It possesses a total area of twenty-one miles, and com- prises a town of the same name, and several villages in the adjacent territory. The climate is liealthy, but, owing to its exposure, high winds and frequent rains prevail. The inhabitants, who are reckoned at 8000, are noted for their hospitality, sobriety, industry, and general morality. They are sensitively jealous of their rights, and cling with tenacity to their territorial and legislative independence. The religion of the country is Koman Catholic. The early history of the republic is very obscure. During the medireval wars of Italy, Jla- rino had its pigmy feuds and factions, which seem to have been none the less envenomed from the pettiness of the arena in which they were enacted. In 1740 the democratical form of government was securely guaran- teed against further assault. The rights of this min- iature state were scrupulously respected by Napoleon during his Italian campaign. The government, desig- nated the Sovereign Grand Council {Generale Consiglio Principe), is composed of sixty members, of whom one third are nobles. From this number are selected the smaller " Council of Twelve" (tv.-o thirds from the town and the rest from the country), who, with the assistance of a jurisconsult, decide in questions of the second and third instance. The representatives of the state are termed captains-regent {cajntani reggenti). They are chos"n, the one from the party of the nobles, the other from the bourgeoisie. They each hold office only for six months. The army, or rather the militia of the re- public, numbers 1189 men. — Chambers, Cyclop, s. v.
Marinus, a martyr of the second half of the 3d cen- tury, is mentioned by Eusebius in his Hist. Feci, vii, 15. According to this authority, Marinus ^vas of a liigh fam- ily, served in the army, and was about to be appointed centurion by Gallienus (266-268) when he was de- nounced as a Christian by one of his fellow-soldiers. Brought before judge Achanis, he acknowledged his Christian faith, and was given three hours to recant. During this respite he was taken to church by bishop Theoteknos, who, presenting him a sword with one hand and the Gospel with the other, bade him choose be- tween them. Marinas joyfully chose the latter, return- ed to the judge, to wliom he declared his choice, and was at once executed. A Eoman senator, Asterius, who was a Avitness of the execution, carried away the body upon his own shoulders, laid him out in fine clothes, and buried him (see ^Ic^a Sanct. ap. BoUand, t. 1, 3d of March). See also Martin II and III.