tory of Germany of the electors, among whom the arch- bishop of Mayence held the first place. Adelbert H, brother of the jireceding, held the office 1138-41. Mar-. cidf, 1141-42, was the first archbishop elected according to canonical rules, with the concurrence of the people. Henry 1, 1142-53, was appointed by Conrad HI tutor to his son, before his departure for the crusade. He was hated by the clergy for his severity, and they accused him before the pope of squandering the funds of the Church and of immorality. He was deposed in 1153. Under Arnold I, of Seelenhowen (1153-60), the partisans of his predecessors, among them Hermann, count of the Palatinate, invaded the diocese and laid the land waste. Arnold retaUated, and peace was only restored at the emperor's return from Italy in 1155. Arnold having promised the emperor to accompany him in his next journey to Rome, and to employ his influence to settle the difliculty then existing betvreen him and the pope, he sought to levy a tax on the diocese to defray his ex- penses; but the citizens resisted, and, the emperor re- fusing to take the part of the citizens, they murdered the archbishop in 1160. The emperor now ajipointed Conrad I, in spite of the opposition of the chapter; the new archbishop, however, on being requested to recog- nise the anti-pope, Pascal, fled to Alexander at llome, and was made archbishop of Salzburg. His place was filled in 1165 by Christian I, count of Buch, chancellor of the emperor Frederic I. He proved true to that prince, and took his part in Italy against the pope : but was arrested there in 1180 by the count of Monte Fer- rara, remained a prisoner imtil 1181, and died in the neighborhood of Rome in 1183. The title of archchan- cellor of the empire, which the archbishops of ]Ma3-ence had often received since the 10th centun,', became per- manent now. After the decease of Christian, Conrad I became again archbishop of Mayence. The late prel- ate had already set up a claim on the estates of the extinct house of Franconia in Thuringia and Hesse; Conrad brought it forward again in 1184, but was op- posed by the landgrave Lewis HI, and a lengthy strife ensued. In 1197 Conrad took part in a crusade, and died in 1200. Sigfrid II, the elder, coimt of Ei)pstein (1200-30), obtained in 1208 the direction of the bishop- ric of Worms, and in 1228 the right to crown the kings of Bohemia (\vhich was exercised by his followers un- til 1343). Sigfrid HI, of Eppstein, nephew of the pre- ceding (1230-49), finding the finances in very bad con- dition, levied, with the assent of the chapter, on all benefices a tax amounting to one twentieth of their income. On the other hand, it was enacted that the archbishop could in future contract no liabilities with- out the consent of the chapter, and that everj' fut- ure archbishop should be strictly held to submit to that rule. In 1232 Sigfrid obtained from the king the abbey of Lorch, and restored the cathedral, which was consecrated in 1239. He favored the deposition of emperor Frederick II, and supported Henry Raspe, and afterwards William of Holland (this is commemorated by three statues to be seen in the cathedral of Mayence, the centre one representing the archbishop, the one on his right Henry Raspe, and the other William of Hol- land). After the death of Henry Raspe, Sigfrid at- tempted to annex his possessions to Thuringia, but was opposed by landgrave Henry and Sophia of Ih-abant, and the dispute lasted seven years. Sigfrid died in 1249, and was succeeded by Christian II, of Bolanden, who resigned in 1251. Gerhard I (1251-59), was impris- oned in 1256 by duke Albrecht of Brunswick, and liber- ated in 1257 by king Richard of England, whom he af- terwards supported as a candidate to the imperial crown. L'nder him the cathedral canons of Mayence ceased to lead the communistic life. Werner of Eppstein, nephew of Sigfrid III (1259-84), cancelled part of the debts of the archbishopric, and concluded a treaty with the duchess Sophia of Brabant in 1263, by which he obtained (irun- berg and Frankenburg; in 1271 he bought Wildenberg, Amorbach, Schneeberg, and Wilbach from Ulrich of Dil-
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