Section 1266

ren, and in 1278 the castle of Bockelnheim from count Henry of Sponheim ; he took an active part in the elec- tion of Rudolph of Hapsburg as emperor of Germany. After a vacancy of two years, Henry II was appointed archbishop in 1286 ; he was disliked by the clergy for his strictness, and died in 1288. Gerhard II, of Eppstein (1289-1305), labored to have his cousin Adol[)h of Nassau elected emperor, but afterwards aided in his deposition, and in the election of Albrecht of Austria : he used his influence with both emperors for the aggrandizement of his archbishopric. He was also somewhat distm- guished as a legislator; his decrees form the Concordata Gerhardi. An electoral edict of king Albrecht having assigned him the second rank among the electors, he protested, and obtained an imperial decree, under date of Sept. 23, 1298, placing him and his successors in the first rank ; the same decree contirmed them also in the title of archchanceUor of Germany. Peter Aichspalter (180(5- 20) improved greatly the tinances of the diocese by his economy, and was a strict promoter of ecclesiastical dis- cipline. Matthias, count of IJucheck and landgrave of Burgundy (1321-28), first sided with emperor Louis of Bavaria, but afterwards with the pope, and enlarged the estates of the archbishopric. After his death, which oc- curred in 1328, pope John XXII appointed Henry HI, count of Burneburg, but the chapter elected archbishop Balduin of Treves; the latter governed the diocese dur- ing the difficulty, and added to it a part of the village of Herzberg, half of JNIark Duderstadt, Schurburg, Botz- ■wangen, Esenheim, and Odenheim. On Nov. 12, 1336, Balduin voluntarilj"- surrendered his claim, and Henr)^ ■was now accepted by the chapter, after promising to take sides with Louis of Bavaria, and to surrender the strong places of the diocese into the hands of the chap- ter. In 1329 he engaged not to tax the inhabitants of Mayence, or those of the suburbs, without their con- sent; in 1330 he released them from the ecclesiastical punishments they had incurred for injuring the clergy, and in 1331 absolved them from their promise to re- pay the Jews sums advanced by them to the city. He obtained jurisdiction over Eichsfeld, Duderstadt, and Giboldhausen ; on the other hand, Olmiitz and Prague were detached from Mayence, and, in consequence, the archbishops of JMayence lost the riglit to cr^)wn the kings of Hungary. He finally got into difficulties by his fidelity to emperor Lewis, and was deposed by pope Clement YI in 1346, yet continued to exercise his func- . tions until his death in 1353. Gerlach, who had been appointed by the pope in 1346, was now recognised by all as archbishop. The ditficulties between him and his predecessor had greatly injured the diocese: tlie funds had become low, debts had been contracted, the clergy had become much relaxed, and the respect of the people had diminished in consequence ; Gerlach, however, add- ed to the diocese the castles of Itter and Allenfelt, Bal- lenburg, the village of Budensheini, and the half of Geismar. At this time the (iulden Bull, in which the high position of the archbishop of jMayence as dean of the electoral college was officially recognised, was given to the public. Gerlach died Feb. 12, 1371. His suc- cessor, John I, duke of Luxemburg, died in 1373. Louis, son of margrave Frederick the Earnest, was now ap- pointed by both the pope and the emperor, while the chapter elected Adolph I, of Nassau, bishop of Spires, who took up his residence at Erfurt ; the difficulty lasted until 1380 ; Adolph remained archbishop of Mayence, while Louis was made archbishop of Magdeburg, and retained the regalia until his death. Adolph was long at war with landgrave Hermann of Hesse about some possessions in that province ; he founded the LTniversity of Erfurt, and died in 1390. His successor, Conrad II, of Weinslierg, persecuted the Waldenses, of whom there were a number in his diocese, and entered into a league with the Palatinate, Bavaria, and Spires against the Flagellants. He died Oct. 19, 1396. John H, count of Nassau, brother of Adolph I (1396-1419), took part in the deposition of emperor Wenzel, and, in consequence of be-