Montigny, Jean de, a French prelate of some note, was born in Bretagne in 1637, of parents highly esteemed in the best social circles of France ; and thus, surrounded with superior advantages, was especiallj'' fit- ted for the highest literary culture. He entered the ecclesiastic life, and soon attained to eminence. In 1070 he was made bishop of Leon, and in the same year was admitted to membership in the French Academy. He died Sept. 28, 1071, at Vitre. He wrote : Lettre h Eraste pour rejjonse a son libelle contre La Pucelle de Chajielain (Paris, 1656, 4to): — Oraisonfunebre d\Anne d'Autriche (Rennes, 1666, 4to) : — Lettre contenant le voyaye de la cour en 1660 ; dam le Recueil de quelques pieces nouvelles et galantes. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, xxxvi, 304.
Montjoy is the name given to mounds serving to direct the travellers on a highway, probably often orig- inally tumuli, or funeral-mounds of an elder people — heaps of stones, overgrown with grass, which have been piled over a dead chieftain. They often were crowned with a cross. Montjoie St, Denis was the French war- cry; Montjoie St, Andrew, that of Burgundy, Montjoie Notre Dame, of the dukes of Bourbon ; and Montjoie St. George, of England, See Walcott, Sacr. A rchcBol. s, v.
Montlaur, Jean de, a French prelate, was bora near Montpellier about 1120; entered the ecclesiastical life while yet quite a youth, and rapidly advanced to positions of prominence and responsibility. In 1158 he was made bishop, and everywhere gained friends by his generous and open-hearted life. He was particularly devoted to his diocesan work, and built up the people in holy and consistent living. He died Feb, 24, 1190, in his native place, with whose history his whole life was interwoven. His works remain in ]\IS, See Histoire litteraire de la France, vol. xiv, s. v. ; Gallia Christiana, vol. vi.— Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, xxxvi, 311.
Montluc, Blaise de, a French marshal, noted for his cruelty towards Protestants; one of the "two per- sonages who obtained by their enormities a notoriety so hideous that the history of cruelty would be imperfect if they were passed over in silence" (Smedley, i, 211). He was a brother to the succeeding, and was born in Gasco- ny in 1501. When only a youth of twenty, he entered military life, and soon distinguished himself by his bra- very as weU as his brutality. He was universally severe with his enemies, and would give no quarter. In the contest with the Huguenots, he advised their absolute extermination, and actually wrote a memoir (in 1562) showing how easily it might be done (see Memoires de Conde, iii, 184 sq,). Placed in charge of his native province, he used his unlimited power to destroy every one who appeared to be tainted with the heresy, and instituted a strict inquisition " into the strange names of overseers, deacons, consistories, synods, and confer- ences," " food of which kind," he adds, " never yet had furnished me with a breakfast" (Comment, lib, v, torn, ii, p, 3), The number of persons who fell victims to his rage is legion, and he appears to us in the role of a modern Nero, We have not room to enter here into detail, but refer to Smedley (Hist, of the Ref. Religion in
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France, i, 211 sq. ; ii, 25). Montluc fought also against the imperialists, comraaiuled by Charles V, and assisted at the sief;e of L.a Kochellc and Calais. For his services at^ainst the Protestants he was in 1573 made "mar- shal" by Ilenrj^ III. Montluc died in 1577, leaving the Memoi'res of his military life (1592), which arc not an honor to any man's memory nor to any man's coun- try. See Brantomc, Vies des Homines illustres Fran^ais ; Mt'zeray, .1 hrerje de VhUtoire de Fiance ; Sainte-Beuve, in the Moniteiir (Paris), Oct. 1854 ; Browning, Hist, of the Hur/ucnols, i, 118, 13G, 280 ; ii, 4. (J. H. \V.)
Montluc, Jean de, brother of the preceding, a distiiiiruished French prelate, noted both for his attain- ments in ecclesiastical and political life, was born about 15118. He entered in boyhood days the Dominican Or- der of Gray Friars, and soon made himself the favorite of liis associates. The outer world also took a liking to him, and even at court he had manv friends. Fran-
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Crime d'apostasie ; lettre d'un relif/ieux a un de ses amis (1790, 8vo) : — Vie edijiunte de Benoit-Joseph Lain, inert a Home, en odeur de SaiiUite, le 16 Avril, 1783,
composee par ordre du Saint-Siege, etc., par M. M
(Marconi), lecteur du coller/e Romain, confesseur du ser- viteur de iJieu; traduit de VUulien (Paris, 1784, r2mo) : — Preservative contre le fanatisme, ou les nouveaux millenaires rappelis aux principes fondamentaux de la J'oi CathoUque (i'aris, 1800, 8vo) : — Exposition des pre- dictions et des promisses faites a I'Eylise, pour les der- niers temps de la Geiiiilite (180G, 2 vols. Timo) : — Choix de Lettres edijiantes, ecrites des missions elranr/eres, etc. (1808, 8 vols. 12ino) -.—De lu lier/le de rerite et des Causes du fanatisme (1808, 8vo). — lloefer, uVouv. Biog. Gene- I rule, xxxvi, 334.