NORBERG
172
NORDHEIMER
fcehali, which latter, from the mode of its occurrence in Numb, xxxii, 30, would seem to have been in the neighborhood of Hcshbon. Ewald {(Jesck. ii, 268, note) decides (tliough without giving his grounds) that No- phah is identical with the latter of these. In that case the difference would be a dialectical one, Nophah being the Jloabitish or Araoritish form. — Smith. See Nobah.
Norberg, Matthias, a Swedish Orientalist of note, was born in 1747 ; flourished at the high school in Lund as professor of the Oriental languages ; and died in 1826. He is the author of several valuable contributions to Oriental philology. His most noted work is a treatise 0?i the ReUtjion and Lanf/uage of the Subceans (1780).
Norbert, St., a noted German prelate of the Jliddle Ages, was born atXanten in 1080. He was of good de- scent, but his early life was rather wild; however, finally settled down and determining on a Christian life, he joined the secular canons of the collegiate church at Xanten. He was then for some years chaplain of the emperor Henry V. Suddenly he left the court, and began doing strict penance for his former excesses. Ordained deacon and priest on the same day by the archbishop of Cologne, he set out travelling, to preach mortification and repentance. For this he was accused of fanaticism before the Council of Fritzlar in 1118. As he was gaining but few proselytes, he went to join pope Gelasius in Languedoc, by whom he was well received, and authorized to continue his preaching. He after- wards travelled through Hainault and Brabant, declin- ing the bishopric of Cambray, which was offered to him. In 1120 Bartholomew, bishop of Laon, called him to that city to reform the canon regulars, whose disci- pline had become much relaxed. Failing in this task, Norbert became disgusted with the workl, and retired into a wilderness. Here he was joined by some disciples, and thus was laid the foundation of the Order of the Pre- tnonstrants (q. v.). Immediately upon the organization of the order it made converts ; and after an existence of only four years Norbert had under his orders nine con- vents, following strictly his rule. He thus acquired great reputation both in the Church and in the State, and was sent on a mission to the emperor at Spires, by the count of Champagne, in 1120. The archbishopric of Magdeburg being at the time vacant, the emperor pro- posed Norbert, and he was appointed. He is said to have long resisted; but at last he accepted the ap- pointment, still retaining, however, the title of abbot of Premontree and the government of the abbey until 1128. He took part in the Council of Rheims in 1131, and had several conferences with St. Bernard, in which he asserted his opinion that the coming of the Anti- christ was near at hand. The latter years of his life were employed in the service of the party which during the schism maintained the claims of Innocent II; and he accompanied the emperor to Kome when he went to establish that pope in the Vatican. Norbert died on his return from that journey, June 6, 1134. He was canon- ized by pope Gregory XIII in 1582. We find a ser- mon of Norbert, besides some less important fragments, in the Bibl. Pat): (cd. Lyon) xxi, 118. Le Paige, in his Bibl. Prcemonsti:, considers him as the author of some other works not extant at present. See Hugo, Vie de St. Norbert (Luxemb. 1704); Gallia C/a-isfiona, vol. ix, co\. 642, G43 ; Bibl. Prannonstr. p. 304; Bollandists (June), i, 809; St. Bernard, Epist. 253; Hist. Utter, de la France, xi, 243 ; Migne, Noiiv. Enq/cl. Theolofjique, iii, 111 ; Hase, Ch. IIist'l\). 229 sq.; Neander, Ch. Hist, iv, 208, 244; Milman, Hist. hat. Christianity, iv, 208; v, 148 ; Ilardwick, Ch. Hist. M. A . p. 237. (J. H. W.)
Norden, Fukokrick Lons, a noted Danish travel- ler, was born at (Jliickstadt. in Schlcswig-llolstein, in 1708. He was educated fur the anuy. and for a time figured in its service. He excelled in mathematics, and particularlj- in correct drawing, on which account ho was employed by the Danish king in travelling, and in examining the construction of ships. He visited, as a