PALACE
544
PALACE
but a series surrounding or enclosing (comp. vi, 3G ; vii. 18, 20, 24, 42; Ezek. xlvi, 23) ; so that the four rows of pillars went round the hall, forming four aisles inside the wall, or, as the Vulgate renders the passage, " qua- tuor deaiiibiilaira inter columnas cedrinas" (lig. 3). On
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3. Ground-plan of "tlie House <>( ihc Foicst of Leb- anon," according to Theuiiis.
these pillars beams of cedar-wood rested, running from the front to the wall, and forming a substantial rest for the upper story. This consisted of side chambers or galleries (m"32, comp. vi, 5,8), and it is to the num- ber and order of these that the statement in ver. 3 re- fers: "And the chambers which were upon the beams, fortj'-five [in number], fifteen in each row [circuit], were wainscoted with cedar-wood" (tig. 4, a a). These were
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Fig. 4. Upijer Story of 'Mhe Uoii-e of the Forest of Leb- auon," according to Theniiis.
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Fig. 5. Ground-plan of the entire buildings of Solomon's Palace, according to Tlieuius.
beam. These galleries were probably reached by a wind- ing stair in the outer wall (tigs. 3 and 4, d d), as in the Temple (vi, 8).
From this description, the idea we form of " the House of the Forest of Leljanon" is that of a large hall, open in the centre to the sky, the Hoor of which was surrounded with four rows of jnllars, affording a promenade, above which were three tiers of galleries open to the interior, divided each into lifteen compartments like the boxes in a theatre, but with doors communicating with each other. As the height of the entire building was thirty cubits, we may divide this so as to allot eight feet to the supporting pillars, eighteen to the galleries, and four to the beams and flooring of the galleries. The building, thus conceived, answers to the description of it by Jo- sephus, as KopipOiwg tartyaafiivoc, by wliich he means, not that it was in the Corinthian style of architecture (Kcil), but that it was built after the Corinthian fash- ion— that of a hall, surrounded by a row of pillars with heavy architraves, on which rested beams running to the wall, and supporting a floor, which again supported shorter pillars, bet\veen which ^vere windows, the whole being hyjjcEthral (Yitruv. vi, 3, 1).
(h.) If now we regard this building (fig. 5, B) as ])laccd lengthwise in the middle of a court (.-1 ), it is easy to un- derstand the arrangement of the portico of pillars {D), the length of which was the same as the breadth of the building (ver. 6). Tliese did not run along the side of it, but were behind it, forming a colonnade fifty cubits long by thirty wide, conducting to the residence of the king. This terminated in a porch, or entrance-hall, which had pillars and an 3", i. e. a threshold or p.erron (A. V. " thick beam ;" Targ. XrSipD, Umen). By this was the entrance to the throne-room or hall of judgment (A'), which was wainscoted with cedar from floor to ceil- ing (nT^I?!! [this is the reading followed by the Vulg.
and Syr. instead of the second "p'li?'^, which is a manifest error], vii, 7). Then came the king's res- idence in another court (F) behind the throne - room ; and of this the residence of the queen, which may or may not liave been the harem, formed a (probably the back) part. The space G is added con jecturally, for the court containing the ofKces of the palace, and perhaps ''the
roofed with beams (B^3~'r, A. V. "windows," which the word never means) in three rows, i. e. there were three stories of galleries, and in these sifjhts (i^)n"3 ; Sept. X^P<^') over against each other in three ranks, i. e. each chamber in the three stories had an opening to the interior, facing a corresponding opening in tlie opposite chamber (fig. 4, b h). The different compart- ments of the galleries communicated with each other by means of doors. These, as well as the windows (the Sept. has x^~>P'^i- i" '^'cr. 5, wliicii shows that it read ri'.Ttn52ri where the present reading is r.'lTJITSrj, of which it is impossible to make sense), were square with an over-
Fig. 6. Grouud-i)lau of Solomon's Palace, according to Paine.
PALACE
545
PALEOGRAPHY
king's prison." All these buildings were externally of hewn stone, and tlie whole was surrounded by a solid wall enclosing a court.
3. Very ditferent again is the reconstruction proposed b}' Prof. Paine, in his iSolomo7i^s Temple, etc., of whose scheme we here subjoin a brief outline. He maintains that the structure was situated on the north side of the Temple, immediately adjoining its area, where the tower of Antonia eventually stood, adducing 2 Kings xi in proof of this position. He holds that the entire struct- ure was one, the palace being the same elsewhere called '• the House of the Forest of Lebanon." The pillars are b}' him distributed on the outside of the building, in successive rows of different heights, supporting the walls in terrace style. There is thus in reality but one storj-, although there is the appearance externally of