Paul of Emesa, an Eastern prelate of notf>, who flourished in the first half of tlie 5th century, was among the bishops who, at the General Council of E])h- esus (A.D. 431\ united witli patriarch John of Antioih in supporting tlie cause of Nestorius. A\'lien negotia- tions were in progress for a reconciliation l)otwecn John and the Oriental bishops with ("j-ril of Alexan- dria, Paul was sent by John to Cj'ril, but the latter would bj' no means comply with the solicitations of Jolin until his messenger Paul had delivered some homilies before him, and presented to him a confession
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of faith, in which the term Biotokoc was applied to the Virgin Mary, and had joined in anathematizing Nestoriusi. Having satisfied Cyril in thesi points, Paul concluded the negotiations successfully. The few facts known of the life of Paul are given by Tille- mont, Mihnuires, vol. xiv, and hy Christianus Lupus, in his ■Schoiiu et Notes ad varior. PP. Epistidas, form- ing the second volume of the work cited below. Paul wrote, Li'jellus quern (s. Libdli quos) Paidus Episcopus Emesenus Cijr'illo A rckiejnscopo Alexamlr'ue obtulit, a Joanne Antiocheno Episcopo missus: — tlumUia Pauli Episcopi Emcsseiii . . . ile NaticUate Domini et. Sulou- toris nostri Jtsu Chridi, et quod beata Virgo Maria sit Dei Genitrix, et quod nnn duos, sed unurn Filium et Do- minum Cki-istuin dicumiis, etc. : — Ejusdem Pauli Homi- lia . . . in Christi Domini et Salvatoris nostri Nativkn- tem. These pieces are given in the Concilia, vol. iii, col. 1090, 1095, 1098, ed. Labbe -.—Ejnstola Pauli Eme- seni Episcopi ud Anatholium Mar/istriini Militice, given in a Latin version in the Ad Ephesinxm Concilium va- riorum Patrum Episiolie of Christianus Lupus (Lou- vain, 1682, 4to), Ep. 107.
Tliis Paul of Emesa is to be distinguished from a predecessor of the same name, who was present at the Council of Seleuceia (A.D. 359), and adhered to the party of Acacius (Le Quien, Oriens Christianus, vol. ii, col. 839, but he does not give his authority); but who seems afterwards, under the emperor Jovian, to have united himself with the orthodox (Socrates, I/ist. Ec- cles. iii, 25 ; iv, 12 ; Sozomen, Hist. Ecclis. vi, 4, 12), and to have acted with them possibl}- at thie Synod of Antioch (A.D. 363), certainly at that of Syana (A.D. 307 or 368). Gennadius (Z>^ Viris Illustribus, c. 31) mentions " Paulus Episcopus," he does not say of what see, as having written a little Ijook on repentance {De PcenitiUtia Libellus), in which he cautions the penitent against such an excess of sorrow as might lead to de- spair. We have no means of identifying this Paul. The period occupied by the writers enumerated by Gennadius includes tliat in which Paul of Emesa flour- ished ; and as he was the most eminent prelate of the time of ills name, he may possibl}' be the writer men- tioned by Gennadius. — Suiith, Diet. oJ'Gr. and Pom. Biog. and Mythol. iii, 118.
Paul (St.) tiik IIerjiit. See Anthony, St.
Paul OF Pannonia lived probabl}' in the 5th cen- tury ; according to Trithemius and Cave, in A.D. 430. Gennadius calls him Paulus Preshiiter, and states that he knew from his own testimony {<'x diciis <jus) that he was a Pannonian, but dt)es not saj' to what Churcli he belonged. Paul wrote De Virginitate ser- vanda et contemtu Mundi ac Vitce Institutione Libri duo, addressed to a holy virgin, Constantia. He took the opportunity of abusing "the heretic Jovinian," the great opponent of monasticism, as a luxurious glutton. The work is lost. In some MSS. of Gennadius, and l)y Honorius of Autnn {De Scriptor. Eccles. ii, 74), he is called, not Paulus, but Petrus. See Cave, Hist. IJtt. i, 414 ; Trithemius, De Scriptor. Eccles. c. 146 ; Fabricius, liihlhtth. JMed. et Infim. Latinitat. v, 217, ed. Mansi. — Smith, Diet, of Gr. and Rom. Biog. and Mythol. iii, 149.
Paul the Presbyter. See Paul of Pannonia.
Paul of Samosata, a noted Eastern ecclesiastic of the 3d centurj', was a native of Samosata, and must have been born shortly after the opening of the cen- tury. Ver}' little is accessible as to liis earl}- personal history. He was elevated to the bishopric of Anti- och in A.D. 200. His original calling seems to have been that of a sophist; how he obtained admittance into the clerical order is unknown ; his elevation, or at least his continuance in the see, he owed to the cele- brated Zenobia, to whom his literary attainments and his political talents ma}' be supposed to have recom- mended him. The charge tluit his personal character was not all that could be desired for the episcopal of- fice seems groundless, when we consider the silence of