1. The father of Joel, which latter was ruler of the half-tribe of Manasseh during the latter part of David's reign (I Chron. xxvii, 20). B.C. ante 1013.
2. A citizen "of Kumah,"and the father of the Zeb- \idah who was wife to Josiah, and mother of Jehoiakim (2 Kings xxiii, 36). B.C. ante G48.
3. The father of Zerubbabel, by the widow of his brother Salathiel (1 Chron. iii, 18), under the Levirate law (comp. Strong's Harmony, p. 17). B.C. ante 536.
4. A " son of Parosh ;" an Israelite who aided in re- pairing the walls of Jerusalem under Nehemiah (Neh. iii, 25). B.C. cir. 446.
5. Son of Kolaiah, and father of Joed of the tribe of Benjamin, mentioned only in the genealogy of Sallu (Neh. xi, 7). B.C. ante 445.
6. A Levite whom Nehemiah appointed one of the sacred treasurers, or disbursers (Neh. xiii, 13) ; appar- ently the same who stood on the left of Ezra while he read the law, but of whom nothing further is known (Neh. viii, 4). B.C. 445.
Pedalia is an ecclesiastical term used to denote (1) foot-cloths in front of tlie altar; (2) collections of the creeds and canons of general councils in the Greek Church.
Pedaries is an ecclesiastical term used to designate consecrated sandals fur pilgrims.
Peddie, .Jamks, D.D., an able and judicious English divine, was born at Perth in 1759, He entered the Uni- versity of Edinburgh in 1775; was admitted a student in the divinity hall of the Secession Church, under the Rev. John Brown, of Haddington, in 1777 ; was ordained minister of Bristo Street congregation, Edinburgh, in 1783, and continued in that charge until his death in 1845. His sermons are eminently clear, well arranged, scriptural, and instructive. In expository lectures he greatly excelled. He published. The Revolution the Work of God, and a Cause of Joy ; two sermons on Psa. cxxxvi", 3 [Nov. 5] (Edinb. 1789, 8vo) -.—The Perpetuity, Advantages, and Universality of the Christian Religion; a sermon preached before the Edinburgh Missionary Society on Psa. Ixxii. 17 (ibid. 1796, 8vo) : — Jehovah's Care to j^ej-petuate the Redeemer's Name; a sermon preached before the Missionary Society on Psa. xlv, 17 (Lond. 1809. 8vo) : — A practical Exposition of the Booh of Jonah, in Ten I^ectures (Edinb. 1842, 12mo). After his death appeared Discourses, 7vith a Memoir of his Life, by his son, the Kev. William Peddie, D.D. (ibid. 18 IG, sVo).
Pedersen, Christiern, one of the most noted char- acters of Denmark and Sweden in the Reformation pe- riod, was born at Svcndborg, in Denmark, in 1480. He studied in Roskihle, and, after completing his course there, he became a canon in Lund. Later he studied for several years in Paris, and upon his return to Denmark he was appointed cliancellor mulcr Hans Wcze, archbishop of Lund. When the arcliliishop fled, Pedersen remained to take charge of the affairs of the diocese, but he was constantly suspected and persecuted by his enemies. Wlien Soren Nordljy entered Skaane, in 1525, he joined him as a faithful adherent of the legitimate king; but for this reason he was found guilty of high-treason, his goods were confiscated, and he was obliged to leave Denmark. lie sought his fugitive king, Christian II, in the Xctherlands, and there he s]ient several years ad- vocating the cause of the Reformation. But when king Christian II was taken prisoiuT in 1532, and confined in Siinderborg, Christiern Pedersen was permitted to return and live in Malmo, where he is said to have act-
ed as Jiirgen Kok's secretary during the Count's Feud. The last ten years of his life he spent with a relative who was minister at Helsinge, in the northern part of Zealand. He died there, Jan. 16, 1554. He was not one of the leading Reformers in Denmark, partly be- cause he was absent during the most important strug- gle, and partly because he lacked courage and force of character, and oftentimes thought the Reformers proceeded too violently. He had always loved peace and quiet, and during the most turbulent times he withdrew to his friends. Besides he was not, like so many of the friends of the Lutheran Reformation in his day, an enemy of the past, and he sought to recon- cile his love of the old songs and stories of his father- land with his love of the emancipated Gospel. During his whole life, both while he was yet a Catholic and after he had become a Protestant, he labored zealously for the enlightenment of his countrymen, and he is justly considered the founder of inodern Danish litera- ture. At Antwerp he published in 1529 a Danish trans- lation of the New Testament and of the Psalms of Da- vid, and he was one of the main workers in the transla- tion of the so-called Christian Ill's Bible, published in 1550. His principal theological works are his book on the JIass and his Book of Miracles, both of which he wrote while he was yet a Catliolic. His Right Way to Heaven, On Marriage and the Bringing-up of Children, and On Study and the Education of Children are free translations from Luther. His patriotism led him to rescue from oblivion the famous work of Saxo (iram- maticus, which, at the request of Christian II, he pub- lished in Paris in 1514. This work, translated into Danish by Gruntowig, is deservedly the most popular of all secular books in the Danish tongue. He fought against the absurdity of using Latin instead of Danish, and insisted that if the apostles had preached in Den- mark, they would jiave talked Danish. B3- his trans- lation of the Bible and other works he accomplished for Denmark what Luther had already accomplished for Germany. See Barfods, Forlaellinger, p. 427-429. (R. B. A.)