Pedigree. See Genealogy. Pedilavium. See Foot- washing. Pedobaptisni. See P.edobaptism. Pediali, Giacomo, an Italian painter of Brescia, was born about 1590. It is not known with whom he studied; but he associated himself with Domenico Bruni, in conjunction with whom he executed some perspective pieces for the churches in his native citj', and also in Venice, which are highly commended by Orlandi. He died about 1660. See Spooner, Biog. Hist, of the Fine Arts, ii, 667.
Pedrella is a name for the thing on which the altar-shrine rests, or cases in which formerly the relics of saints were kept.
Pedretti, Giuseppe, a Bologncse painter, was born in 1694. He studied under Marc Antonio Frances- chini, whose manner he adopted. Soon after leaving his master, Pedretti passed through Germany to Poland, where he resided many years in the employment of the court. He afterwards returned to his native city, and painted a great many pictures and altar-pieces for the churches : the most esteemed are the ]\Iartyrdom of St. Peter, in S. Petronio; Christ Bearing the Cross, in S. Giuseppe; and St. Margaret, in the Annuuziata. He died in 1778. See Spooner, iJioy. Hist, of the Fine A rts, ii, 667,
Pedro, Ai.FOXso, a noted convert from Judaism, whose original name was Moses Cohen, a native of Huesca, in Aragon, was born in the year 1062. At the age of forty-four he was baptized in the cathedral of his native city, in 1 106, on St. Peter's day ; and, in hon- or of the saint, and his godfather, king Alfonso VI, he took the name of Pedro Alfonso. He afterwards wrote a defence of Christianitv and a refutation of Jewish in-
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credulity, in the form of a dialogue between Moses and Pedro Alfonso, under the title Diulogi in quihus impim Jiidceonim opi/nuues evideiitissimis iam naturalis quam calestis jMlosuphia: ur(jumentis confutantur, qucedamque Prophetarum abstrusiora loca illustrantur (Cologne, 153G). This work is spoken of in high terms, and has been of great use in Spain. "We have also by him a Discipliiia clericalist, under the title of " I'rov- erbs." in which he seems to have borrowed from the Arabic writers, especially the tales and fables of I'ilpay. A part of this work still exists in the Hebrew transla- tion, and is known as the Book of Enoch (Idris). See Fi'irst, Bill. Juduica, i, 36; Da Costa, Israel and the Gentiles, p. 312; Finn, Sepkardim, p. 181; Lindo, Jeics in Spain, p. b6 ; Kalkar, Israel und die Kirche (Hamb. 18C9), p. 22; Steinschneider, Jewish Literature, p. 174; Catal. libr. Ilebr. in Bill. Bodlej. No. 3540 ; Jost, Gesch. d. Judenthums, iii, 38 ; De Castro, History of the Jeii-s in Spain (Cambridge, 1871), p. 57; Adams, IJistm-y of the Jeics (Boston, 1812), i, 260 ; Delitzsch, Jeschurim (Grim- ma, 1838), p. 137 sq. ; id. Saat aiif IloJ/'ramf/ (Erlangcn, 1876), xiii, 142 sq. ; Evangelical (^Lutheran) Rev. (Get- tysburg, 1876}, p. 359 sq. (B. P.)
Pedroiii, Piktro, an Italian painter, was born at Pontremoli, in the Florentine territory. He first studied at Florence, and afterwards at Parma and Home. He executed a few excellent works for the churches at Florence, and in his native place; but, in consequence of ill-health, he opened an academy under the protec- tion of the senator Martelli, which produced many able artists. "If not a rare painter," says Lanzi, "he was at least an able master, profound in theory and eloquent in conveying knowledge to his pupils, of whom history will treat in the ensuing age. Their success, their af- fection and esteem for Pedroni, is the best eulogium on him which I can transmit to posterity." He died in 1803. See Spooner, Biog. Hist, of the Eine A lis, ii, 607. Pedum rectum (straight staff) is a name for the straight shci)hcril crook of the pope, adorned with a cross on the top. See Crook.
Peet, Steimien, a somewhat noted missionary of the Congregational Church in Wisconsin, was born at Sandgate, Yt., in 1795. He was educated at Yale Col- lege, where he graduated in 1823, and after entering the ministry preached seven years at Euclid, near Cleve- land, Ohio ; was afterwards a chaplain at Buffalo, edit- ing the Bethel Magazine and Buffalo Spectator; be- came minister of Green Bay, Wis., in 1837 ; assisted in founding Beloit College and thirty churches ; was set- tled as minister of Milwaukee ; afterwards took charge of an institute at Batavia, 111., and was then made agent of an association in Michigan to found a theological seminary. He died at Chicago March 21, 1855. He published Hist, of the Fresh, and Cong. Churches and Ministeis of Wisconsin (1851, 18mo).
Pegasus, in Greek mythology, a winged horse which arose with Chrysaor from the blood of the (ior- gon Medusa, when she was slain by Perseus. He is said to have received his name because he first made his appearance beside the springs (jnjyni) of Oceanus. He afterwards ascended to heaven, and was believed to carry the thunder and lightning of Zeus. According to later authors, however, he was the horse of Eos. The myth concerning Pegasus is interwoven with tliat of the victory of Bellerophon over the Chimiera. Bellerophon had in vain souglit to catch Pegasus for his combat with this monster, but was advised by the seer Polyidos of Corinth to sleep in the temple of Minerva, and the goddess appearing to him in his sleep gave him a gold- en bridle and certain instructions, upon which he acted, and made use of Pegasus in his combat with the Chi- majra, the Amazons, and the Solymi. Pegasus is also spoken of in modern times as the horse of the Muses, which, however, he was not. The ancient legend on this subject is that the nine Muses and the nine daugh- ters of Pieros engaged in a competition in singing bj' YIL— I 1 1