Perdoite, an ancient Slavonic deity worshipped by mariners and fishermen, who believed that he pre- sided over the sea.
Pere. See Ass. Pere la Chaise. Pered. See Mule.
See La Chaise,
Pereda, Antonio, an eminent Spanish painter, was born at Valladolid in 1599. He studied under Pedro de las Cuevas, and showed so much ability that he was taken under the protection of Don Francisco de Texada, who sent him to Madrid, where he had an opportunity of studj'ing the works of the great masters in the royal collections. At the age of eighteen he produced a picture of the Immaculate Cov-fpthm, in which the Virgin appeared on a throne of cb aids, sup- ported by angels, executed so admirably that no one could believe it the work of so young an artist. The reputation he acquired by this performance induced the due de Olivarez, who had the direction of the works going on in the palace of tbo Retiro, to employ bim, and place him among the artists of the highest rank. Pereda performed his part to tlie satisfaction of his patron, and was munificently rewarded. He acquired great reputation, and is said to have exe- cuted man}' works for the churches at Madrid, Tole- do, Alcala, Cuenca, and Valladolid. He also painted much for individuals, and no collection was consider- ed complete without a specimen of Pereda. It is also said he was a universal artist — painting historj', famil- iar life, vases, tapestry, musical instruments, and other objects of still life. His pictures were well designed, his drawing correct, and his coloring rich and glow- ing, in the Venetian stjde, with an admirable impasto. F'ew of his works are known to be extant at the present day. There are two in the Royal Gallery at Madrid, one of which represents St. Jerome Meditating on the Last Judgment ; one of Christ asleep on the Cross, with flowers and skulls, in the collection of marshal Soult ; one of St. Anthony and Christ, in the Esterhazy Gal- lery in Vienna, and three or four in the gallerj' at Munich. Pereda died at Madrid in 1GG9. See Spoon- er, Biog. Hist, of the Fine Arts, ii, 673.
Perefixe, Haudouin Beaumont de, a noted French prelate, was born in 1G05. After having fin- ished his education, he attracted the notice of cardinal Richelieu, who became his protector. Perefixe ob- tained the high office of tutor to Louis XIV in lGi4. Four years later his services to the court received rec- ognition bj' his promotion to the bishopric of Rodez. He became a member of the French Academy in 1G54, and was appointed archbishop of Paris in 1G62. In this last responsible positi(m he enforced among the Jansenists compliance with the formulary of pope
Alexander VII. He died in 1G70. Perefixe was a man of great scholarship, and possessed remarkable talents. He was born to rule and to teach. Unfortu- nately, however, he was more of a politician than an ecclesiastic, and did everything rather to please his king than to honor his God. He was truly a time- server. In the Jansenistic controversy he had it in his power to influence the king favorably-, but he fail- ed to embrace the opportunity, and was obliged to obey when he might have led. See the arts. Pa Vil- lon ; Port-Royal. His Life of Henry IV is con- sidered a classical work (flistoire du Hoy Henry le Grand [Amst. IGGl, 12nio]). An English translation was published (Lond. 1GG3, 8vo; also 1G72 and 1785). See Jervis, History of the Church of France, i, 454 sq., 4G1 sq. ; D'Avrignv, Memoires Chronol. ii, 444 sq. (J. H. W.)
Peregrin! da Cesena, or PeHegrini da Cesio, an Italian goldsmith, engraver, and worker in niello, flourished in the latter part of the 15th and first part of the IGth centuries. He is one of those artists about whom and whose works there is very little known with certainty. Bartsch gives a descriptive account of ten prints \>y him (Peintre- Graveur, tom. xiii). Duchesne discovered Peregrini's name on some ad- mirable works by him in niello, which he describes (Fssai sur les Nielles). Ottley describes ten prints which he supposes to be by this artist. Nagler, from these and various other authorities, gives a list of sixty-four pieces which he attributes to him, among them the following : 1. Abraham loading an ass for his journey to Mt. Moi-iah ; 2. Abraham, Isaac, and tiuo ser- vants on their icay to the Mount ; 3. Abraham and Isaac on the Mount, the servants sitting below; 4. Abraham Kith a knife and torch, Isaac bearing a bundle of wood ; 5. Abraham, about to immolate Isaac, is prevented by an Angel: the head of a ram is seen at the right-hand cor- ner ; 6. David conquering Goliath: a ver}' fine plate;
7. Judith tvith the head of Iloloferiies in her left hand ;
8. The I/o'y Virgin with the Infant on a throne, attended by St. Paul and St. Fi'ancis d'Assisi ; 9. The Baptism of Christ : in the foreground, to the right and left, are St. Stephen and St. Francis ; 10. The Eesuri-ection of Christ: 11. The Annunciation, in two small medallions ;
12. .lohn the Baptist nith the Cross, on which is a me- dallion with the Lamb, and the words "Ecce Agnus ;"