logical theses and writings, dissertations and memoirs, the enumeration of which would occupj' too much space. Below are his principal works : Exercicios da lingua Latina e Portiigueza (Lisb. 1751, 8vo), in Latin and Pop tuguese : — Novo melhodo de grammatica Latina (ibid. 1752-1753, 8vo, pt. ii), followed by a Defensa (1754), under the name of Francisco Sanches : — Apparaio critico para a correegao do Diccionario intitulado ' ' Pro- sodia" (ibid. 1755, 4to) : — Bfeve Diccionario da Latinidade pura e imintra (ibid. 1760, 8vo) : — liernm Lusitanarum ephemerides usque ad Jesuitarum expulsionem (ibid. 1761, 4to), translated into Portuguese in 1766: — Prindpios da historia ecelesiastica em forma de dialogo (ibid. 1765, 2 vols. 8vo) ; the author promised two other vol- umes, which were never printed : — Doctrina veteris Ecclesice de siiprema regum etiani in clerieos potestate (ibid. 1765, fol.) ; these fomous theses, printed in the Collectio thesium (1768, 1774, 8vo), have been trans- lated into French, Traite du pouvoir des eveqws (Par. 1772, Svo) : — Tentativa Theologiea (ibid. 1766, 1769, 4to), translated into Latin b}' the author (1769), into French, Italian, German, and Spanish, and followed by an Apijwndix (1768, 4to) : — ]'ida de Joio Gerson (ibid. 1769, 2 vols. Svo): — Demonstratio Theologiea (ibid. 1769, 4to) : — Deductio Chronologica et Analytica (ibid. 1771) : — Testamento Novo e Velho em Portvguez (ibid. 1778, 1790, 23 vols. Svo) ; this translation, accompanied by notes, prefaces, and various readings, was reprinted in 17t'4 for the third time, 4to size: — Compendio das epocas, etc. (ibid. 1782, 8vo) : — E'ogios dos ni/s da Por- tugal (ibid. 1785, 4to). See Summario da Bibl. Lusi- tana, vol. i ; Figaniere, Bibliografia hist. Portiigueza ; Le Moniteur iiniv. ann. xii. — Hoefer, Notiv. Biog. Gene- rale, xxxix, 572. See the English Per. viii, 106, 113.
Pereira, Bento (1), a learned Spaniard, was born at Valencia in 1535. Admitted into the Society of Jesus in 1552, he finished his studies in Sicily and at Rome, and rendered himself verv skilful in the sciences and philosophy, -which he taught with honor. He died at Rome March 6, 1616. His principal writings are, Phijsicorum lib. xv (Rome, 1562, 4to) : — Commentaria in Danielem (ibid. 1586, 4to) : — Commentaria in Genesim (ibid. 1589-1598, 4 vols. 4to) : — De magia et divinatione astrologica (Ingolstadt, 1591, Svo): — Selectm disputa- tiones in sacrum Scnpturam (ibid. 1601-1610, 5 vols. 4to). All these works have frequenth' been reprinted. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, s. v. See Fabricius, Hist. Bibl. i, 265; Grilsse, Literat. iii, 832 sq. ; Simon, Hist. Crit. du Vieux Test. p. 423.
Pereira, Bento (2), a Portuguese Jesuit, was born in 1605 at Borba, in Alemtejo. He taught belles- lettres at Evora, and published several works of poe- try, of morals, and of theology. He died in 1681. We quote of his works, Prosodia (Evora, 1634, fol.), in Latin, Spanish, and Portuguese, several editions : — Thesaurus Ungues Lusitance (ibid. 1613, fol.) : — Promptu- arium theologieum (ibid. 1671-1676. 2 vols. fol.). See Possevin, Apparatus sacer ; Sotwel, De Script. Soc- Jesu; Antonio, Bibl. Hispana Nova. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Genirale, xxxix, 571.
Pereniayanoftschins (i. e. Pe-Anointers'), is the name of a Russian sect which sepai'ated from the Russo-Greek Church about the j'ear 1770 at Vetka. They agree in almost ever}' respect with the Slaro- bredsi, or "Old Ceremonialists," except that they re- anoint those Avho join them with the holy chrism. They also re-ordain those popes or priests who secede to them from the Estalilishment. The Pereniayanoft- schins are really a branch of the Popoftschins (q. v.).
Peres. See Eagle.
Pe'resh (Heb. id. w"'lQ, excrement; Sept. <Papt(;'), the first named of the two sons of Jlachir the JLinas- site bv his wife Maachah (1 Chron. vii, 16). B.C. cir. 1658."
Pereyra, Abraham Israel, a Jewish litterateur
PEREYRA
941
PEREZ
of some note, was of Portuguese origin, but born in Amsterdam, where he flourished in the middle of the 17th century. He was one of the students of the rab- binical college of that city, and was highlj' esteemed for his literary talents. He wrote in Spanish, Kyjejo della Vanidad'del Mundo, "the Mirror of Worldly Van- ity" (Amsterd. 1671) : — La Certezza dd Camiiio, "the Sure Path" (ibid. 1660), an ethical work in twelve sections, treating, 1, on divine Providence ; 2, on the vanity of the world; 3, on love and fear of God; 4, on vices and virtues; 5, on recompense and punish- ment, etc. See Fiirst, Bibl. Jud. iii, 77 ; Undo, Hist, of the Jews in Spain and Portugal, p. 309; Griitz, O'esch. d. Juden, x, 227 ; De Castro, Biblioteca Espanola, i, 595 ; De Rossi, Dizioiiario storico degli aiitori Ebrei, p. 259 (Germ, transl. by Hamburger) ; Wolf, Bibl. Ilebr. iii, 50 ; Jost, Gesck. d. Judenth. u. s. Sekten, iii, 233, 238. (B. P.)
Pereyra, Diego, a Portuguese painter, was born about 1570. Very little is known concerning his life. He died in 1040, in the house of a nobleman where he spent his last daj's. Pereyra had a rare talent for painting conflagrations and infernal scenes. He often painted the Burning of Troy and the Overthrow of Sodom, but in each case in a different manner. He excelled in painting pictures of fruit and flowers ; also rural scenes illuminated by the radiance of torches or the lightning's flash. His landscapes are painted in a spirited stj-le, ornamented with small flgures in excel- lent taste. See Spooner, Biog. Hist, of the Fine Arts, s. V.