sent; and even after she was married to Alexas, her in- clination for Sillwus was notorious. Salome survived Herod, who left her, by will, the cities of Jamnia, Azoth, and Phasaelis, with fiftj- thousand pieces of money. She favored Antipas against Archelaus, and died A.D. 9, a little after Archelaus had been banished to Vienne, in Dauphiny. Salome had five children by Alexas — Bere- nice, Antipater, Calleas, and a sou and a daughter whose names are not mentioned (Josephus, .4 h?.xv, 4; xvii, 8). See Herod.
3. A daughter of Herod the Great by Elpis. In ad- dition to what her father bequeathed to her, Augustus gave her a considerable dowry, and married her to one of the sons of Pheroras, Herod's brother (Josephus, ^n^ xvii, 1 ; War, i, 28, etc.). See Hkrod.
4. The wife of Zebedee, as appears from comparing Matt, xxvii, 56 with Mark xv, 40. It is further the opinion of many modern critics that she was that sis- ter of Mary, the mother of Jesus, to whom reference is made in John xix, 25. The words admit, however, of another and hitherto generally received explanation, according to which they refer to the "Mary the wife of Cleophas" immediately afterwards mentioned. In behalf of the former view, it may be urged that it gets rid of the difficulty arising out of two sisters having the same name; that it harmonizes .John's narrative with those of IMatthew and Mark ; that this circuitous manner of describing his own mother is in character with John's manner of describing himself; that the ab- sence of any connecting link between the second and third designations may be accounted for on the ground that the four are arranged in two distinct couplets ; and, lastly, that the Peshito, the Persian, and the jEthi- opic versions mark the distinction between the second and third by interpolating a conjunction. On the oth- er hand, it may be urged that the difficulty arising out of the naine may be disposed of by assuming a double marriage on the part of the father; that there is no ne- cessity to harmonize John with Matthew and JNIark, for that the time and the place in which the groups are noticed differ materially ; that the language addressed to John — "Behold thy mother!" — favors the idea of the absence rather than of the presence of his natural mother; and that the varying traditions current in the early Church as to Salome's parents, worthless as they are in themselves, yet bear a negative testimony against the idea of her being related to the mother of Jesus. (According to one account, she was the daughter of Jo- seph by a former marriage [Epiphan. Uar. Ixxviii, 8] ; according to another, the wife of Joseph [Niceph.//. ^'. ii, 3].) Altogether, we can hardlj^ regard the point as settled, though the weight of modern criticism is decid- edly in favor of the former view (see Wieseler, in the Stud. u. Krit. [1840] p. G48). The only events recorded of Salome are that she preferred a request, on behalf of her two sons, for seats of honor in the kingdom of heav- en (Matt. XX, 20) ; that she attended at the crucifixion of Jesus (Mark xv, 40) ; and that she visited his sepul- chre (Mark xvi, 1) (A.D. 26-28). She is mentioned by name only on the two latter occasions. — Smith. See Zebedee.
5. The daughter of Herodias by her first husband, Herod Philip (Josephus, ^4?;/. xviii, 5, 4). She is the "daughter of Herodias" noticed in Matt, xiv, 6 as dancing before Herod Antipas, and as procuring, at her mother's instigation, the death of John the Baptist. See Herodias. She was married, in the first place, to Philip, the tetrarch of Trachonitis, her paternal uncle, who died childless; and, secondly, to her cousin Aristo- bulus, son of Herod, the king of Chalcis, by whom she had three sons. The legendary account of her death (Niceph. //. E. i, 20) is a clumsy invention to the effect that Salome accompanied her mother Herodias, and her father-in-law Herod, in their banishment to Yienne, in Dauidiiny; and that, the emperor having obliged them to go into Spain, as she passed over a river that was frozen, the ice broke under her feet, and she sank in up
SALOMO
259
SALT
to her neck, when, the ice uniting again, she remain- ed thus suspended by it, and suffered tlic same punish- ment slie Jiad made John the Baptist undergo. See
I J EHUD.
Salomo BEN-ABiiAiiAM Laniado. See Laniado. Salomo ben-Abkaham Parchon. See Parchon. Salomo bkn'-Abrahaji Urbino. See Urbixo. Salomo BEN -David de Olivkyra. See Oli- ve yk a.
Salomo ben-Elijakiji Panzi. See Panzi. Salomo bex-Jechiel Loria. See Lokia.
Salomo ben-Jehuda Ibn-Gebirol. See Ibx- Gebirol.
Salomo ben-Jehuda Verga. See Verga.
Salomo ben-Joel Dubno. See Dubno.
Salomo ben-Isaak. See Rashi.
Salomo Levl See Paulus Burgensis.
Salomo MoLCHo. See Molcho.
Salomon di Norzl See Norzi.
Salomon, Gotthold, a German rabbi, was born at Sandersleben, in the ducliy of Anhalt-Dessau, Nov. 1, 178-i. Up to his sixteenth year he was educated in Talmudic lore and literature, according to tlie custom of that time. Alter this he acquired the rudiments of the German language, especially through the efforts of the chaplain Bobbe, who not onl\' allowed him to come to his school, but also gave him private lessons. He then went to Dessau, to attend the lectures at the Jew- ish college, employing, however, all his spare time in ac- quainting himself with German literature. In 1802 he became tutor of German and Hebrew at the Franz school, and afterwards he was intrusted with the re- ligious instruction. In 180G he delivered his maiden- speech, which was very highly spoken of by Christians who heard him. Salomon never lost sight of his in- tention to become a preacher; and in this he was en- couraged by his Christian friends, who not only sup- plied him with the sermons of Zollikofer and Hein- hardt, but even corrected his compositions in accord- ance with the rules of homiletics. In 1815 he went to Berlin, where he delivered his first discourse in Jacob- sohn's Temple. He now became known to his corelig- ionists; and when, in 1818, the Temple of the Reformed party at Hamburg was dedicated, Salomon was elected assistant preacher. In the year 1844 he dedicated the " New Temple," and attended the assemblies of the rab- bins at Brunswick, Frankfort, and Breslau. In the year 18o7 he retired from his duties, and died Nov. 17, 1862. Of his numerous publications we mention : A vswahl von Predvjten (Dessau. 1818): — Predigten (Hamburg, 1819- 29): — Moses, in 21 sermons (ibid. 1835): — David, as Man, Israelite, and King, 26 sermons (ibid. 1837) : — Ell- as, the Champion of Light and Truth, in 19 sermons (ibid. 1840) : — Der Berg des Herrn, 17 sermons on the Deca- logue (ibid. 1840): — a"'"!lX2, comments upon Haggai and Zechariah (Dessau, 1805): — The Pentateuch, ac- cording to the Masoretic text, with a German transla- tion and short glosses (Krotoschin, 1848-49, 5 vols.). Some of his sermons were also translated into English by Miss A. M. (ioldsmid (London, 1839). See Fiirst, Bibl. Jitd. iii, 226 sq. ; Kayserling, Bibliothek jiidischer Kamelredner, i, 142-277 ; .Jost,Gesch. d. Judenth. it. s. Sec- ten, iii, 365, 371 ; Griitz, Gesch. d. Juden, xi, 416 sq. ; Ph. Philippson, Biographische Skizzen (Leips. 1866, 3 pts.) ; Geiger, in the Zeitschrififiir jiidisrhe Theologie, ii, 127 sq. ; iii, 91-102; Unsere ZcjV, vii, 396 ; Steinschncidcr, Behr. Bibliographie, vi, 17 ; L. Piiilippson, Predigt- uml Schul-Magazin, ii, 253-269. (B. P.)