Schamyl. See Shamyl,
Schartauans, a recent sect in Sweden, named af- ter Scbartau, a clergyman, whom they profess to follow. When Schartau died, he left some skeletons of sermons and a large number of devoted followers. An idolatry of the man and his skeleton sermons commenced, and with it a new sera of Christian development, especially in Southern Sweden. It is neither High-Church nor Low-Church nor Broad-Church, but a hard, stony stere- otype form — a certain way of preaching, talking, look- ing, and moving. Tlie Schartauans dislike all lay activ- itj' — will join iu no missionary work, in no Bible society
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— because that is to yoke with unbelievers; nor will they speak with any one on religious subjects unless he is an exclusive Schartauan. Anotlier distinguishing feature is a great horror of the Moravians, founded on some un- pleasant experience of Schartau's own. Scharlauism crept into Gothenburg about twenty years ago.
Schedius, in Greek mythology, was (1) the son of Iphitus and grandson of Naubolus, who led the Pho- cians, in connection with his brother Epistrophus, to Troy. He fell by Hector's hand in the stead of Ajax. (2) A son of Perimides, likewise leader of the Phocians, and killed by Hector.
Scheelstrate, Emmanuel de, a Belgian antiquari- an and theologian, was born at Antwerp in 1649. In his youth he became much interested in ecclesiastical his- tory, and travelled in France and Italy for the purpose of meeting with the learned men of his day. His first work — on the pontifical prerogative — gained for him a canonry and the position of chorister in the cathedral at Antwerp. Innocent XI called him to Rome, and made him librarian of the Vatican and canon of St. John Lat- eran. He died in Rome April 6, 1G92. Scheelstrate was a great scholar and a most prolific writer, in most of his works maintaining the great dignity of the pope and endeavori^ig to extend his jurisdiction. Of his works we mention, Aniiqvitas lUustrtttd circa Con- cilia Ge?i€ralia, etc. (Antwerp, 1678, 4to): — Ecclesia AJ'ri- cana sub Primate Curthafjiniensi (ibid. 1679, 4to), in ■which he endeavored to prove that this Church recog- nised the pope as patriarch : — A eta Constant iensis Coii- cilii (ibid. 1683) : — De A iictoritate Patriarchali et Me- tropolitica (ibid. 1687, 4to). See T>i\]}in, A uteitrs Ec- clesiast.; l^'icttou, Memoirs. — Hoefer, A'o^m'. Biog. Ge- nerale, s. v.
Scheffer, Ary, a French painter, was born at Dort, in Holland, Feb. 18, 1795. His studies were carried on in Paris under baron Guerin, and in 1812 his first pict- ure appeared. His earlier pieces were in the line of historical and genre painting, and have become well known through engravings as The Death of St. Louis, The Sister of Charity, and The Soldier's Widow. In the romantic style which was so prevalent at the time, Scheffer did not succeed so well, and felt that his power lay in a different direction. The inspiration given to his pencil by the works of Goethe and Bj-ron is shown by his pictures Giaour, Faust, and a series of others. In religious painting, his Christ the Comforter and Christ the Remunerator, The Shepherds Led by the A ngel, Christ in the Garden, show a deep religious feeling, and are works of power and great beautv. One of his finest sentimental pieces is Francesca di Rimini and her Lover Meeting Dante and Virgil in Hell. As a portrait-painter he achieved great success, and the portraits of Lafay- ette, Lamartine, and others show his power. Scheffer worked incessantly, and his drawing is truthful and full of grace, his touch firm and well adapted to his style, and his color, though often wanting in mellowness, is still verj' beautiful. He was undoubtedly a great artist, and received the honor due to his talent. He was made commandant of the Legion of Honor in 1848, and died June 15, 1858.
Scheffler, Joiiann (Angelus Siksivs), a Catholic mystic of Germany of great speculative power and poetic fervor, was born at Breslau in 1624, of Polish Protestant parents, and received his early schooling at the Elisabethanum of that city. In 1643 he went to Strasburg to study medicine, but soon afterwards retired to Holland, where he spent several years, partly at Ley- den. Here he became interested in the writings of Jacob Bohme, which exerted a decided influence on his subsequent life. His religious studies did not, however, interrupt his professifinal preparation, and in 1647 he went to the University of Padua, where he graduated July 9, 1648. Returning to Silesia, he served three years as family physician to a duke. Here ft soon be- came evident that he could not content himself with the