Shiva. Sec Siva.
Shiva-Narayanais. See Siva-Narayanais.
Shivararti, in Hindu mythology, is a festival cele- brated in the month of March in honor of Siva, in which the grossest indecencies, accomjianied with las- civious songs, are publicly perpetrated witliout shock- ing or oft'cnding observers, since everything nf the kinil is regarded as highly pleasing to the god. The Lin- ga ((|. v.), Siva's most eminent symbol, is preferably dedicated and sold at this festival.
Shi'za (Heb. Shiza', Xf^wJ, perhaps splendor; Sept. Si'^n, V. r. Sf^'', 'E^"» etc.), a Keubenite, father of Adi- na (q. v.), one of David's warriors (1 Chron. xi, 42). B.C. ante 1043.
Sho'a (Ileb. id. 5r;j, a cry for help, or rich, or lib-
SHOAFF
707
SHOCKLEY
eral; Sept. Hove v. r. Soii5; Vulg. fyranni), a proper name which occurs only in Ezek. xxiii, 2o, in connec- tion with Peiiod and Koa. The three apparently de- note districts of Assyria with which the southern king- dom of Judah had been intimately connected, and which were to be arrayed against it for punishment. The Peshito-Syriac lias Lucl, that is, Lydia; while the Ara- bic of the London Polyglot has .S'«/, and Lud occupies the place of Koa. Kashi remarks on the three words, '• The interpreters say that they signify officers, princes, and riders." This rendering must have been traditional at the time of A^uila (tTntT/cfTrn/f icai Tvpavvot: Kai Kopv(pawg) and Jerome {nobiles, tyrunni, et i)?-meipes). Gesenius {Thesaur. p. 1208 a) maintains that the con- text requires the words to be taken as appellatives, and not as proper names; and Fiirst, on the same ground, maintains the contrary {Handwb. s. v. S^p). Those who take Shoa as an appellative refer to the use of the word in Job xxxiv, 19 (A. V. " rich") and Isa. xxxii, 5 (A. V. "bountiful"), where it signifies rich, liberal, and stands in the latter passage in parallelism with S'^l?' nudib, by which Kimchi explains it, and which is else- where rendered in the A. V. "prince" ( Prov. xvii, 7) and " noble" (viii, 16). But a consideration of the latter part of the verse (Ezek. xxiii, 23), where the captains and rulers of the Assyrians are distinctly mentioned, and the fondness which Ezekiel elsewhere shows for plaj'ing upon the sound of proper names (as in xxviL, 10; XXX, 5), lead to the conclusion that in this case Pe- kod, Shoa, and Koa are proper names also ; but nothing further can be said. The only name which has been found at all resembling Shoa is that of a town in As- syria mentioned by Pliny, " Sue in rupibus," nearGanga- mela, and west of the Orontes mountain chain. Bochart {Phaley, iv, 9) derives Sue from the Chaldee N"Tir, shu'd, a rock. — Smith. See Koa.
ShoafT, David, a minister of the Methodist Episco- pal Cliurch. South, was born in Juniata County, Pa., July 17, 1823, and was converted Aug. 23, 1844. In March, 1848, he was admitted on trial into the Balti- more Conference. At the division of the Baltimore Conference in 1857, he became a member of the East Baltimore Conference. In 1866 he severed his connec- tion with the Methodist Episcopal Church, and united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, in which he continued to labor until his death. May 26, 1871, See Minutes of Annual Conferences of the M, E. Ch.^ South, 1872, p! 648.
Sho'bab ( Heb. Shobah', asViJ, i-ebelUous, as in Jer. iii, 14, 21 ; Isa. Ivii, 17 ; Sept. Sw/Sa/S v, r. I'oi'/^d/S, etc.), the name of two Hebrews.
1. Apparently the second named of the three sons of Caleb the son of Hezroii by his first wife Azubah (1 Chron. ii, 18). B.C. post 1874.
2. Second named of the sons of David born in Jeru- salem (2 Sam. v, 14; 2 Chron. iii, 5; xiv, 4). B.C. post 1044.
Slio'bach (Heb. Shobak', Ti^Vil*, expansion ; Sept. 2ai/3aK V. r. 2a/3a;^ ; Vulg. Sobach ), the general of Hadarezer king of the Syrians of Zoba, who was in com- mand of the army summoned from beyond the Eu- phrates against the Hebrews after the defeat of the combined forces of Syria and the Ammonites before the gates of Kabbah. He was met by David in person, who crossed the Jordan and attacked him at Helam. The battle resulted in the total defeat of the Syrians, Sho- bach was wounded, and died on the field (2 Sam. x, 15- 18). B.C. 1034. In the parallel passage (1 Chron. xix, 16, 18) he is called Shophach, and by Josephus Sabecus (2«/3«Kot•,.•lH^ vii, 6, 3).— Smith.
Sho'bai [some Shoba'i] (Heb. Shobay', i^b' [but always in pause, as "'3113], taking captive [Gesen.], or (jlorious [Fiirst] ; Sept. Suj/Sat v. r. Sa/3(', etc.), one of the heads of the Levitical family of doorkeepers of the
Temple, whose posterity returned from Babylon with Ze- rubbabel (Ezra ii, 42 ; Neh. vii, 45 ). B.C. long ante 536. Sho'bai (Heb. Shobal', b3V.a, flowiny, or a shoot [Gesen.], or wandering [Fiirst] ; Sept, 2«j/3a\ or 2od- /j((X V. r. 2w/3rt|t»), the name of two Hebrews.
1. Second named of the seven sons of Seir the Horite (Gen, xxxvi, 20; 1 Chron. i, 38). He was the father of five sons (Gen. xxxvi, 23 ; 1 Chron. i, 40), and one of the aboriginal "dukes" or sheiks of Edom (Gen. xxxvi, 29). B.C. post 1963.