Ti'rathite (Heb. Tirati', "^PlS'llPl, patrial from some unknown n"Tri, Tirauh [a (/ate (Gesenius) or fssure (Fiirst)] ; Sept. 'Apya^ivfi v. r. Qapyabiijx and TaSreip ; Vulg. canentes'), the designation of one of the three fam- ilies of Scribes residing at Jabez (1 Chron. ii, 55), the others being the Shimeathites and Suchathites. The passage is hopelessly obscure, and it is perhajis impos- sible to discover whence these three fainilies derived their names. The Jewish commentators, playing with the names in true Shemitic fashion, interpret them thus, " Thej' called them Tirathim, because their voices when they sang resounded loud (-"^P) ; and Shimeathites
TIRE
428
TIRHAKAII
because they made tliemselves heard ("^'l") hi reading the law." — Smith.
Tire (an old English word for dressing the head, see I'himptre, y^/We A'diiailor, iv, 211) is used (both as a verb and a noun) to translate, in the A. V., three He- brew words and one Greek: Z'S'^ (in Hiph.), to ma/ce ;/(io(l, i. e. ornament, sc. the head (2 Kings ix, 30); ~X2, peer (Kzek. xxiv, 23), a turban ("bonnet," etc.); •■'~nb, mhiiron ( Isa. iii, 18), crescents ("ornament," .ludg. vii, 21, 2fi) ; i.iiTpa (Jud. x, 3; xvi, 8), a mitre or head -band. See Hkad- DRESS. The third of these terms probably represents a pendent disk, worn by women on the head, and similar articles are still hung
Modern Egyptian Ornntnental Appeiuhige to a Lady's Head-diess in Front.
on camels' necks among the Arabs. " The himarak (moon) is an ornament formed of a thin plate of gold, embossed with fanciful work or Arabic words, and hav- ing about seven little flat pieces of gold called bark at- tached to the lower part; or it is composed of gold with diamonds, rubies," etc. (Lane. Mod. E(jypt. ii, 401). Lieut. Conder thinks that the " round tires like the moon" of Isaiah were like the strings of coin which fcirm part of the head-dress of the modern Samaritan women {Tent-Wvrk in Palest, ii, 244). See Ousament.
Tirha'kah [many Tir'hnkah] (Heb. Tirhu'kuh, npnin, of Ethiopic derivation ; Sept. Qapaica v. r. Hapd^a and Bop« ; Vulg. Tharncu), a king of Cush (Sept. /3o(TiXi('f A/.3r(i)7rojj', A.V. "king of Ethiopia"), the opponent of Sennacherib (2 Kings xix, 9; Isa. xxxvii, 9). While the king of Assyria was "warring against Libnah," in the south of Palestine, he* heard of Tirha- kah's advance to tight him, and sent a second time to demand the surrender of Jerusalem. This was near the close of B.C. 713, unless we suppose that the expedition took place in the twenty- fourth instead of the four- teenth year of Hezekiah, which would bring it to RC. 703. If it w%re an expedition later than that of which the date is mentioned, it must have been before B.C. (J97, Hozekiah's last year. But, if the reign of Jlanas- seh is reduced to thirty-live years, these dates would be respectively B.C. cir. 693, 683, and 678, and these num- bers might have to be slightly modified if the fixed date of the ca|iture of Samaria, B.C. 720, be al)andoned. See IIkzkkiaii. Wilkinson supposes (i, 138) that Tirha- kah occupied the throne of Egy[>t from B.C. 710 to 689. Kawlinson gives the date B.C. 690 {Herod, i, 392). Dr. llincks, in an elaborate article, argues for this latter (late, and supposes Tirhakah, after a reign over Egypt of twenty-six years, to have retired to Ethiopia B.C. 664 {.Ilium, of Sm: Lit. Jan. 1804). See Ciiiioxoi.OGY.
According to ALinetho's epitomists, Tarakos (T«pn- fcdf), or Tarkos (Trip/cotO, was the third and last king of the XXVth dynasty, which was of Ethiopians, and reigned eighteen (.Vfr.) or twenty (Eus.) years. From one of the A|)is-Tablets we learn that a bull Apis was born in his twenty-sixth year and died at the end of the twentieth of rsammcticbns I of the XXVIth dv- nasty. Its life exceeded twenty years, and no Apis is stated to have lived longer than twenty-six. Taking that sum as the most probable, we should date Tirba- kah's accession B.C. cir. 695, and assign him a reign of twenty-six years. In this case we should he obliged to take the later reckoning (jf the Biblical events, were