Todd, John (1), a Presbyterian minister, was a graduate of Nassau Hall in 1749, and was taken on trial by the New Brunswick Presbytery, May 7, 1750. He was licensed Nov. 13, and went to Virginia. A call was laid before the Presbytery May 22, 1751, and he was or- dained on its acceptance. He was installed, by Han- over Presbytery, pastor of Providence Church in Louisa County, Va. Davies delighted in him, and sjjeaks of him as his favorite friend, relying on his judgment in cases of importance. Todd wrote to Whitetield in 175.5, giving an account of the wonderful work of CJod in his congregation. Col. Gordon said, after hearing him, that he " never heard a sermon, but one from ]\Ir. Davies, wit h more attention and delight." He obtained from the Rev. Dr. Gordon, of Stepney, near London, scientific ap- paratus and valuable books, which he gave to aid Tran- sylvania University in founding a school. He was a man of great pietv. and eminently useful in edifving the Church. He died July 27, 1793! (VV. P. S.) "
Todd, John (2\ D.D., an eminent Congregational minister, was born at Kutland, Vt., Oct. 9, 1800; gradu- ated at Yale College in 1822, spent four years at the An- dover Theological Seminary, and was ordained and set- tled at Groton in 1827. He was settled over the Eil- wards Church, Northampton, ]\Iass., in 1833; the First Congregational Church, Philadelphia, Pa., in 1836; and the First Congregational Church, I'ittstield, JIass., from 1842 to 1872. " He died in Pitlstield, Aug. 24, 1873. He was one of the founders of the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, and for several years president of the trustees of the Young Ladies' Institute of Pittston. His degree of D.D. was conferred upon him by Williams College in 1845. The following are some of his numerous publica- tions: Lectures to Children (Northampton, 1834, 16mo), with translations and extended circulation: — Sludent''s Manual (ibid. 183,5, 12mo): — Iiulex Rerum (ibid. 1834, 4to): — Sabbath-school Teacher (ibid. 1836, 12mo):— Truth Made Simple (ibid. 1839, ISmo):— The Young Man (ibid. 1843, ISmn):— Simple Sketches (Pittsfield, 1843, 2 vols. 16mo): — Stories on the Shorter Catechism (Northampton, 18.50-51, 2 vols. 18mo) : — The Daughter at School (ibid. 1854, 12mo) : — Questions on the Lives of the Patriarchs (ibid. 1855, 18mo) : — Questions on the Life of .If OSes ; Questions on the Books of.Ioshua and .fudges (ibi.l. 1853):— r/ie Bible. Companion (Phila. 18mo):— Future Punishment ( N. Y, 1863, 32mo): — Hints and Thoughts for Christians (ibid. 1867, 12mo): — Wonxnis Rights (ibid. 1867, 18mo, 27 \\):—[fints and Thoughts for Christians (Lond. 1869, r2mo): — Old-fashioned Lives (1870). See Allibone, Diet, of Brit, and A mer.
TODD
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TOGGENBURG WAR
Authors, s. v.; John Todd, the Story of his Life, etc. (N. Y. 1876, 16mo).
Todd, Jonathan, a Congregational minister, was born ill New Haven, Conn., March '20, 1713, ami gradu- ated at Yale College in 17o"2. After studying tlieology a lew months, he commenced preaching, and was settled at East Guilford, Conn., Oct. 24, 1733. During 1750 and 1751, a pestilence prevailed among his peo|)le, taking otl" many of his substantial friends and supporters. He continued his labors until the last year of his life, which ended Feb. 24, 1791. IMr. Todd published a Sermon, Young People Warned (1740) : — Election Sermon (1749) : — several memorial sermons and pamphlets. See Sprague, Annals of the Anier. Pulpit, i, 383.
Todd, Nathaniel, a Presbyterian minister, was born at Howley, Kssex Co., Mass., Jan. 27, 1780; gradu- ated at IJrown University in September, 1800; studied theology privately; was licensed by Philadeljihia Pres- bytery, Oct. 19, 1803; ordained pastor of the Presbyte- rian Church in Schenectady, N. Y., in 180.5, where he labored with great success for several years. He was afterwards teacher and pastor at Woodburj^, N. J.; thence successively princi|)al of an academy at West- chester, Harrisburg, Lebanon, Mifflinburg, and Beaver, Pa., and for many years of a classical school in Allegheny City, Pa. He spent the greater part of his life in teach- ing, and died July 8, 1807. See Wilson, Presb. Hist, Almanac, 18t)8, p. 152. (J. L. S.)
Todros, ben-Joseph, ha-Levi Abulafia, a cele- brated Cabalist, was born in 1234 at Toledo, and died about 1305. He occupied a high position as physician and financier in the court of Sancho IV, king of Castile, and was a great favorite of queen Jlaria de Molina. When this roj'al pair met Philip IV, the Fair, king of France, in Bayonne (1290), he formed one of the cor- tege; and his advocacy of his theosophy secured for the doctrines of the Cabala a kindly reception from the French Jews. His writings on the Cabala are, .4w Exposition of the Tulmudic flagadoth, entitled "i^IIX "llSzn : — A Commentary on Psalm cxix : — A Commen- tary on the Pentateuch, in which he propounds the ten- ets of the Cabala. These works, however, have not yet been published. See Griitz, Gesch. d. Jiiden, vii, 204 sq. ; Steinschneider, Catal. Libr. Hebr. in Bibl. Bodl. '2677- 2680; De' liossi, Dizionario Storico, p. 315 (Germ, transl.) ; (Vinsburg. The Kabbalah, p. Ill; Flirst, Bibl. Jiid.Vn.A-lS. (B.P.)
Togar'mah (Heb. Togarm.ah', tlj'nsipl [briefly il''2'n;ri, Gen. x, 13], of uncertain derivation; Sept. Bopya^trt v. r. Bipyafia, etc.; Vnlg. Thogarma), third named of the three sons of Gomer (the son of .Japheth), his brothers being Ashkenaz and liiphath ((ien. x. 13; 1 Chron.i,6). B.C. post 2513. The ilescendants of To- garmah are mentioned among the merchants who traf- ficked with Tyre, the house of Togarmah being said to trade " in its fairs with horses, and horsemen, and mules" (Ezck. xxvii, 14). They are named with Persia, Ethio- pia, and Libya as folkiwers of Gog, of the land of Ma- gog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tidjal, or, as it may be rendered (making the Hebrew Bosh, for chief, a proper name, as it is in the Sept. 'Po'jq, and as the Jews say it ought to be rendered), the prince of Rosh or Kuss, Me- shech or JNIoshk, and Tubal or Tobolsk (xxxviii, 5, 6), supposed by some to mean the prince or power of Rus- sia, the title of the emperor of Russia being prince or emperor of Russia. jMoscow, and Tobolsk. Togarmah is said to be of the north quarters, and Gog is represent- ed as a guard to it, possibly professing to guard it, or offering to it a protectorate (ver. 7). The Jews say that by Togarmah, or the house of Togarmah, we are to understand the Turks, Torgama, therefore, as it is given in the Sept. (and in some Heb. MSS. n?35"nn), has been thought by many to mean Turkoman, or the Turkoman hordes from whom the Turks have sprung.