To'hu (Heb. To'chu, finh, loirfi/; Sept. Boot' v. r. OoKt; Vulg. Thohu), sou of Zuph and father of Elihu among the ancestors of Samuel (1 Sam. i, 1); probably the same elsewhere called Toau (1 Chron, vi, 34) or Naiiath (q. V.) (ver. 26).
To'i (Heb. Toi', i"n in Sam., but in Chron. To'ii, Heb, Tou', !l"n, both meaning errinij ; Sept, iioov or Biuoi') V. r. H«fi and Bmn; Josephus, B«(j/o(,-; Yulg. Thoii), the king of Hamath on the Orontes, who, after the defeat of his powerful enemy the Syrian king Had- adezer by the army of David, sent his son .loram, or Iladoram, to congratulate the victor and do him homage with presents of gold and silver and l)rass (2 Sam. viii, 9, 10; 1 Chron. xviii, 9, 10). B.C. 103G. "For Had- adezer had wars with Toi." and Ewald {Gcsch. iii, 199_)
conjectures that he may have even reduced him to ft. state of vassalage. Tiiere was probably some policy. in the conduct of Toi, and his object may have been, as .loseplnis says it was (Ant. vii, o, 4), to buy oft' the con- (pieror with the '-vessels of ancient workmanship" [TKti'ii D/t' "px^'^'f KarauKtvi'ic) which he presented.
Tokens (tesginr;), bits of lead or of i)ewter, or cards, given to the members of a Church in full com- munion, which they hand to the elders as they ap- proach the Lord's table. The object is to keep out those who are not known, or who are under scandal, or for other reasons are deemed unworthy. See TtiSSKH.i^.
To'la (Heb. Tola', "Sin, a worm, as in Exod. xvi, 20 ; Sept. BoiXa v. r. OwXt, etc. ; Vulg. Thola), the name of two Hebrews,
1. The tirst-born of Issachar (Gen. xlvi. 13; 1 Chron. vi, 1). B.C. 1850. He had six sons (vii, 2), who be- came progenitors of families known collectively as the Tolaites (Numb, xxvi, 23), and these iu David's time mustered 22,()00 valiant soldiers (1 Chron. vii, 2).
2. Judge of Israel after Abimelech (Judg. x, 1, 2). He is described in that passage as "the son of Puah,, the son of Dodo, a man of Issachar." In the Sept. and Yulg. he is made the son of Abimelech's imcle. Dodo (nn) being considered an appellative. But tiideon, Abimelech's father, was a Manassite. Tola judged Is- rael for twentv-three years (B.C. 1319-r29()) at Shamir in Mount Ephraim, where he died and was buried. Jo" sephus does not mention him {Ant. v, 7, (5); but (as Whiston remarks) inasmuch as the total of the year:^ there agree, his name seems to have fallen out of our collies. See Judge;.
To'lad (Heb. Tolnd', tVin, birth; Sept, BioXdS V. r. BovXa£/()) o"6 of the towns in the tribe of Simeoii in David's tirue (1 Chron. iv, 29) ; probably the same elsewhere (Josh, xv, 30) called Ei.-tolau (q. v.),
To'Ia'ite (Heb, TolaV, "^r-l'IPl, patronymic; Sept. BoXai ; Vulg, Thola'ites), the general name of the de- scendants of Tola (q, v,) the son of Issachar (Numb, xxvi, 23),
Toland, John, one of the founders of modern deism, was born Nov. 30, l()(J9or 1 070. in the most northern isth- mus of Ireland. His Christian-name was Jamis Junius, but at school his master ordered him to be called John, which name he retained ever after. From the school at Kedcastle. near Londonderry, he went, in 1G87, to the College of Glasgow, anil after three years' stay there visited the LTuiversity of Edinburgh, where he was made A.M. in June, 1G90. He afterwards went to the University of Leyden, where he was generously su])- ported by some eminent Dissenters in England. After a residence there of two years, he returned to England, and went to Oxford, which place he left in 1095. and went to London, whence he returned to Ireland in 1C97. I>ut so strong was the feeling aroused by his deistic no- tions and his own imprudent conduct that he soon re- turned to Loudon, He accomjianied the earl of Mac- clesfield to Hanover in 1701, and also made an excur- sion to Berlin, at which latter place he remained for some time, and then returned to England, In the spring of 1707 he again visited (iermany, Holland, etc, reaching England in 1710. He died at Putney, near London, ^larch 11. 1722. Of his many treati.ses we no- tice, Chrixtianity not Afi/slfrioiis (Loud. 1()96, 8vo), which elicited at least fifty-four replies :^.4 ?« Apolo;/y for Jfr. Toland (ibid. 1697): — Amyntor, or a Defence of Milton's Life, etc. (1699. 8vo); this attack upon the canon of the New Test, was answered by Samuel Clark, Jeremiah Jones, Stephen Nye, aiul John Kichardson : — Soeinidirism Trnly iStoted (1705): — DissertdlioiH'S diice : Ailtisiil(r-iiioil et (lri(/inr:s Jndaicw (1709, 8vo) : — \(IZU- rcni/s (ibid. 1718, 8vo): — History of the Druids (Mon- trose, 1814, 8vo), etc. See Allibone, Diet, of Brit, and Amer. Authors, s. v. ; Chalmers, Dior/, Diet, s, v. ; Con- tenip. 7?er. June, 1808.
TOLBANES
453 TOLEDO, COUNCIL'S OF
Tol'banes {Sept. ToX^dftjcVulg. Tolbanes), a torriqit Gra^cizeil fbrm (1 Esdr. ix, 25) for the name Tele.m (_q. V.) of the Hebrew text (Ezra x, 24),
Toledo, Councils OF (Concilium Toletunum), These councils, of which there were twenty-four, were lield in the city of Toledo, in the province of the same name, in Spain. Toledo is the seat of an archbishopric; has a cathedral, founded in 1258, and completed in 1492; a fdinidling hospital, founded bj' cardinal Slendoza in li!l4; and a theological seminary,