40. Forbids thetn to wear two stoles, which it declares to be uiitit for even a bishop or priest; directs them to wear the stole over the left shoulder, and also that it be clean, and not worked with colors or with gold.
41. Orders all clerks, as well as the priests and deacons, to shave the entire crown of the head and to leave but u slight rim of hair in the form of a circle.
4»>. Orders that a clerk found plundering a tomb be de- posed from every ecclesiastical rauk and ottice, and sub- jected to three years' penance.
51. Forbids bishops to ill-treat monks, but grants to them the exercise of their canonical authority over them, such as exhorting them to observe a good and holy life, instituting abbots and other officers, correcting those who infringe the rules, etc.
r>>. Enacts that monks forsaking the monastic state in order to marry and settle iu the world shall be brought back and put to penance.
57. Forbids to compel Jews to profess Christianity; with regard to the compulsory conversions under king Sisbenus, it allows that they should continue to be con- sidered as Christians because they had received baptism, chrism, and the holy eucharist.
The following nine relate to the Jews, and to Christians who had apostatized to Judaism.
The ijjth and following eight relate to the case of slaves.
75. Anathematizes all who conspire agaiust regal au- thority. "
See Mansi, v, 1700.
Vlir. The Eight li Council of Toledo was held in 636, under king Chintila, iMigonius, bishop of Toledo, pre- siding; twenty-two bishops in all were present. Nine canons were published, of whicli
1. Orders public litanies every year for three days, be- ginnnig Dec. 14, except one of the three should prove to be Sunday, in which case the litany days were to be ob- served m the week following.
All the others relate to the prince and the strengthen- ing of his powers, etc. See Mansi, v, 1735.
IX. This council was held Jan. 9, 638, under Silva, metropolitan of Narbonne, in the second year of the reign of king Chintila. Fifty-two Spanish and Gallic bishops were present, either in person or by deputy. Eighteen canons were published.
.S. Enacts that for the future no king should ascend the throne without m.iking a vow to defend the Catholic faith and to rid the connirv of infidels; pronounces anath- ema airaiiisl those who should violate this oath.
7. Orders that persons who, after having been admit-
ted to penance, quit that state and resume the secular dress shall be arrested hy the bi^hop, and compelled to perform their course of "peuance, whether they will or not, in some monastery.
Fleury observes that this is the first time that we find mention of this compulsory penance, which evinced en- tire ignorance of the sound [iraclice of anti(iuity. See Mansi, v, 1740.
X. The Tenth Council was held about 646, under king Chintasuinthus, by twenty-eight bishops present and the deputies of eleven who were ab.sent. Six canons were published.
2. Allows the bisho]), or any other priest who may be present, to complete the celebration of the sacred mys- teries when the celelirating priest is unable to proceed through sickness; excommunicates those who, without such cause, leave the celebration unfinished, or who cel- ebrate after having partaken of the slightest particle of food.
See Mansi, v, 1863.
XL This council was held in fi.'iS, under Oronfins of Merida; the king, Kesesiiintluis. being present, and fif- ty-two bishops, with the deputies of ten absent. The prince read his profession of faith, in which he acknowl- edged the first four oecumenical councils. Twelve cati- ons were published.
1. Cimtains a definition of faith.
2. Condemns all oaths and vows to commit evil actions*
3. Condemns all persons sinilty of simony.
7. Condemns those who forsake the episcopal or sacer- dotiil office upon pretext of having been admitted to such holy office unwillingly; orders those who so return into the world and marry to be shut up for life iu a monastery.
S. Forbids to ordain ignorant clerks.
9. Excludes from the Easter communion and from the privilege of eating meat for twelve months those who break the Lent fast.
12. Coniirms the canons of a former council concerning the Jews.
Besides the bishops and deputies present, we find among the signatures those of ten abbots, the arch priest of To- ledo, and sixteen counts. After the subscriptions there is a synodal decree concerning the disposition of the king's iiroperty. and an edict of the king confirming it. See INIansi, vi. 394.
XII. The Twelfth Council of Toledo was held Nov. 2, 655, Eugenius, the archbishop, presiding; sixteen bish- ops attended, and seventeen canons were published, most of which tend to rejjress the abuses committed by bishops in the administration of Church property.
11. Forbids to confer orders upon the slaves of the Chiuch except they have been first set free by the bishop.
IS. Orders that newly baptized Jews shall show them- selves in the assemblies of the Christians on all Jewish festivals.
See iMansi, vi, 451.
XIII. Held Dec. 1,656, under Reccasuinthns; twen- ty bishops were present, among whom were Eugenius, the metropolitan of Toledo; Fngitiviis, the metropolitan of Seville ; and St. Fnictuosus, the metropolitan of Bra- ga; five bishops who were absent sent deputies. Seven canons were published.