burn, and not honor, for that is a reproach to the suffer- ings of the Saviour. Peter of Bruys even maintained that the Supper was not instituted by Christ as a rite of perpetual observation; that he only once distributed his body and blood among his disciples. This expres- sion is obscure: perhaps he meant to say that Christ had observed this rite once for all. He also rejected the mass and sacrifices for the dead. He found many followers, known as the Petrobrusians (q. v.). Peter of Bruys was burned at St. Gilles on Still Friday, in 1124, in the Arelatensia diocese, by a mob, in an emeute caused by his preaching, and probably instigated by the Romish ecclesiastics. See Cieselcr," Kin -h, )<;;,.<, -h. vol. ii. pt. ii, p. 536; Engelhardi. Dogmengesch. vol. ii. ch. iii, p. 51 sq.; Miinscher, Dogmengesch. (edit, by Conn), p. 209,210. (J. H.W.)
Peter or Cei.i..k (Petrus Cellensis), a French prel- ate of some note, flourished in the second half of the 12th century. He was abbot at Moutier la Celle from 1150; in 1162 he filled a like office at St. Remis, near Rheims; and in 1181 was made bishop of Chartres. He died in 1183. Peter of Cellre left mystical inter- pretations of the Scriptures, and letters to the popes and bishops and many princes, who highly esteemed him. He had reformatory ideas, and did not hesitate to express them. His works have been collected and published several times. One edition is by Sirmond (Par. 1613; Yen. 1728).
Peter (Pierre') of Chartres, a French ecclesiastic who flourished in the first half of the 10th century, died about 1039. The authors of the Histoire Litt era ire de la France attribute to him several works. We men- tion only Manuale Ecclesiasticum, Manuale de Myste- riis Ecclesice, and Speculum Ecclesice. This last treat- ise, which offers us curious details upon the origin or meaning of liturgical usages, is unpublished ; but we indicate three manuscript copies in the Imperial Li- brary of Saint -Victor, under the numbers 513, 724, 923. Number 923 has one chapter more than the other two. Jean Garet, canon of Louvain, Gesner, Possevin, and after them the authors of the Histoire Littirain. del-in- nate also among the works of our chancellor a Para- phrase of the Psalms, likewise unpublished. There is, finally, in the library of Mont-Saint-Michel, Glossce in Job, secundum Petrum, caneellanum Carnutensem. See Gesner, Bib/. Universalis, p. 669; Possevin, Apparatus, ii, 24i>; Hist. Litt. de la France, vii. 341. — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generate, xl, 184.
Peter Chrysolaxus, an Italian prelate, was born in the latter part of the 11th century. He was raised to the archbishopric of Milan in 1110, having previously heid some less important see. He was sent by pope Paschal II on a mission to the emperor Alexius I Com- nenus, and engaged eagerly in the controversy on the procession of the Holy Spirit. His principal work is, Ad Imperatorem Dominion A lexium Comnenum Oratio, etc., designed to prove the procession of the Holy Spirit from the Son as well as from the Father, published in the Grcecia Orlhodoxa of Allatius, i, 379, etc. (Rome, 1652. 4to), and given in a Latin version by Baronius, Anual. Eccles. ad ami. 1116, vol. viii, etc. — Smith, Diet, of Or. and Rom. Diog. and Mythol. iii. 222.
Peter Chrysologus, St., an Italian prelate, was born at Imola, in the northern part of Italy, towards the close of the 4th century. He was educated by Corne- lius, a bishop, and received ordination as deacon from the same prelate. In 433 he was consecrated archbishop of Ravenna by pope Sixtus III. who knew all bis merit. He labored to reform several abuses which had been introduced into his diocese, and to extirpate the rem- nants of pagan superstition. In A.D. 448 St. Germain d'Auxerre having come to Ravenna, Peter received him with marks of the most profound veneration. Shortly afterwards the hercsiarch Eutyches wrote to him com- plaining of the condemnation passed on him by Flavi- anus of Constantinople, and Peter replied to him in
PETER
30
PETEIt
Juno, 110, expressing Ms grief to sec that the disputes upon the mystery of the incarnation wen- not ended. He died Dec. 2, 150. His zeal for the instruction of his flock i> shown by one hundred and seventy-six Sermo- nes, collected in 7ns by Felix, archbishop of Ravenna, under the title, Divi Petri Chrysologi archiepiscopi Ra- vennatis, viri eruditissimi tiique sanctissimi, '■ pervelustum opus Homiliarum nunc primum in lucem Par. L544, L2mo), which have frequently been reprinted. They appear in the seventh volume of the
Lyons edit! I the Biblwtheca Patrum i 1677, foL):
Epistola Petri Ravennatis Episcopi ad Eutychem Abba- tern. This letter was published by Gerard Vossius in lal Greek, with a Latin version, at the end of the works of Gregory Thaumaturgus (Mayence, 1604, Ito). 1 1 is reprinted in the Concilia | vol. iv, coL 36, ed. Labbe; vol. ii,coL 21,ed. Hardouin). See Smith, Diet, of Gr. and Rom. Biog. and Mythol. iii, 222; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generate, si, 138.
Peter Colliva< im si also called Motto), an ecclesi- astical character of the 13th century, flourished as teach- er n!' canonical law at Bologna; was then secretary to Innocent III. by whose order he collected the decretals of thai pope during the first eleven years of his reign, and published them in 1210 by the help of the so-called . . Romano, of Bernhard of Compostella. This collection was approved by the University of Bologna, and received the name CompUatio tertia. (The so- called Compilatio secunda is younger, but contains older material. See Richter, Kirchenreckt, §74.) Later. Pe- ter was cardinal legate, and as such labored to restore order to the Church of South France, in his day so greatly broken up by the wars of the Albigenses (q.v.).