saner
sour
P3?
«"«"
Nacken
neck
"... V <rK?,7ITpol'
scipio
Sell a ft
shaft
T-H
to arrange
rectus
rang
Reihe
row
-?«3 K';T,;
septem
sept
siebi n
seven
""
the back ? hpi<j>(j>
? roof
" wS to break
? Schiefer :- shiver
&\
to distil
[-}
.... j
triefen tropfen
drip drop
1 Tailor
taurus
to ton
Zitzen
Stier
teat steer
e*js
ciT/uor
A them
-'--- ;3aL [*»11]
ecaille
Schale
shell
-,X3
/u be beautiful
f faii-
=-- ;a„o ^>""'"
■'. than
■! do
S53
77,,-.'""
figo
[pack]
pocheu
peck
■ IffTtlLU
sto
Btehen
stand
n;s
to/atn*
piger
^"'•V [sucens]
sugo
snch
saugeu
soak
n"?3
/.1/
vitricns
paitre
Fatter
feed
;:-J tobevUc
! skill
513
fag
$i :,:aX
vello
spolier
Fell
peel
ma
? bufo
? bouffer
': puffen
? puff
-"? TflLlOC
tl'.lll
dann
then
pw
[fickle]
vagus
vaciller
schwanken
\\ , 1 g
~ -! " IT a
b»
0 ican
? bulla
[? pulse]
? boll
OOSJ '■■■■■»'
mitto
mettre
sehnieis-
smite
1!|S
,1 fa tpupor
pall
..;„.*; c/.. tun
-r- ^\,os SO]
solcil
Sonne
summer
n-^3
fat
771101'
pinguis
1- , ,< ,, 'lens
dent
Zahn
dent
IB
7r6(JTi9
porto
Farre
- t x-.-p
hirsntns
[hair]
Schaner
shaggy
-ns
- <p*tuo
pars
part
[brittle]
party
irt
Thur
door
rns
fero
fertile
fahren
burden
n?7 Sp'
sapor
ab-sorher
schlappen
lap
! ftupvs
pario
fruit
Borde
born
"^
/",.>,-,. 1 1711
frico
? froisser
brechen
wreck
OSl£3 tojudat
sdi pj e
7-?
to rend
? burst
-"-' J5f
sex
six
seche
six
~-9
[fringe]
[fray]
franchir
frank
free
nbn "'x/,"";'
tollo
[*>3fl
1-^1
sine
Co ;■' nuadt iretiw
fides
foi
[?noa]
faith
-«*•• 1 dragon
tenuis
tcnir
delinen
tender
HH3
pateo
e-pandre
? spreiteu
f span
iSH intipid
:• fool
pns
15 a
CTKtTTTOLlai
nor scan do specio
r--r|
gackeln spiihen
giggle ? climb spy
tympa-
IIIMll
tcro
tajier
zapfen zehren
labor tear
hes
This li>t is siitlieielltly COpiOUS, al
ier deducl
ng those
J>ip
k . 1 A . iu
calo
call
examples which further research ma
fortuitous, to prove a more than acci
\ show to be merely kill al agreem. nt in
bog
to till
[kill]
qnfilen
quell
words of frequent use. Manyofth*
roots are e\ idenlly
IVE
little
tendo
-
related to each other, and most of the
m are found in sev-
diinn
thin
eral kindred forms. Among these tl
■ selection has here
S>P
light
KtArir
celer
ex-cel
been made not so much lor the purpt
se of exhibiting the
n?i?
most palpable similarity BS to in. In.
e the greatest vari-
gagner
gain
ety of distinct etymons in each lineo
descent Wehave
i"p
cold
cruor
ichor
gfthren
not room to express the numerous C
tgnates and deriva-
tives ol each, to trace the connectio
1 of their meanings
x?iT
ttipuu
:- garrio
crier
krShen
cry
with the common or generic import.
nor to note the va-
n"?i?
rious orthographical changes that tfa
ry have undergone.
Thorn
I! the rca.l.r will lake the trouble t
1 investigate these
"~£
SffHIt
coruu
corue
Horn
corner
points at bisleisur
e, as lie rr
ay readih
do witli t]
ehelp-of
PHILOLOGY
121
PHILOLOGY
good lexicons of the respective languages, he will soon satisfy himself how widely these radices have ramified and how intimately they are connected. A comparison with their Arabic and Sanscrit parallels woidd still fur- ther verify the foregoing results.
II. Monosyllabic Roots. — It is well settled that the so- called weak radicals in Hebrew verbs, technically de- nominated Pe-Aleph, Pe-Nun, Pe-Yod, Lamed-He, etc., which drop away in the course of inflection, were not in reality originally triliteral at all, but that these letters were only added in those forms in which they appear for the sake of uniformity with regular verbs. But these constitute in the aggregate a very large part, we apprehend a decided majority, of all the verbs most fre- quently employed in the language. Besides these, there is another very large class of roots of kindred or anal- ogous signification with each other, and having two radicals in common. All these, as Gesenius has ingen- iously shown in his Lexicon, are likewise to be regarded as essentially identical, the idea clinging in the two letters possessed by them in common. Thus we have reduced nearly the other moiety of Hebrew verbs, and these it must be remembered are the ground or stock of the entire vocabulary, to biliterals. The presumption is not an unwarrantable one that all the roots might etymologically be similarly retrenched. The few quad- riliterals that occur are unceremoniously treated in this manner, being regarded as formed from ordinary roots by reduplication or interpolation.
Now it is a remarkable coincidence that the ultimate theme of the primitive Greek verb has been ascertained, in like manner, by modern philologists to be a monosyl- lable, consisting of two consonants vocalized, in precise conformity with the Hebrew system of vowel points. by a single mutable vowel. Thus the basis of such protracted forms even as XavSc'tvw, pavBchxo, cuVitrYw, becomes \a$, pa$, fax- Indeed, Noah Webster has applied the same principle to all the roots of English words ; and in his Dictionary (we speak of the quarto edition, originally published at New Haven in two vol- umes) he has indicated them as " class Dg, No. 28," etc., although he seems never to have published the key or list of this classification.