1718, 4to). The second letter, also of considerable length, is an encyclical letter on various disputed topics, especially on that of the procession of the Holy Spirit, the leading theological question in dispute between the Eastern and Western churches. Mountagu's version has been severely criticised by Combefis (Fabricius, Bibl. Grccc. i, 701 , note f f f). Several important letters are not included in the collection, especially two to pope Nicholas I, and one to the archbishop or patriarch of Aquileia, on the procession of the Holy Spirit, of all of which Baronius had given a Latin version in his An- nates Ecclesiastici (ad arm. 859, lxi, etc.; 861, xxxiv, etc.; and 883, v, etc.). Fragments of the Greek text of the letters to pope Nicholas were cited by Allatius in different parts of his works; the original of the letter to the archbishop of Aquileia was published in the -I uctd- rium Novissimum of Combefis, pt. i, p. 527. etc. (Paris, 1672, fob), with a new Latin version and notes by tin- editor; and the original of all the three letters, together with a previously unpublished letter, Ad (Economum Ecclesia A ntiochice, and the encyclical letter on the pro- cession of the Holy Spirit (included in Mountagu's col- lection), the Acta of the eighth oecumenical council (that held in 879, at which the second appointment of Photius to the patriarchate was ratified!, and some other pieces, with notes by Dositheus, patriarch of Jeru- salem, were published by Anthimus '■ Episcopus Rem- nicus," i. e. bishop of Rimnik, in Wallachia, in his To/ioc xai°«C (Rimnik, 1705, fob). A letter. Ad Tke- ophanem Monachum, i. e. to Theophanes Cerameus, with a Latin version by Sirmond, was published by the Jesuit Franciscus Scorsus, in his Prommium Secundum, § 3, to the Homilice of Cerameus (Paris, 1644, fob), and another letter, Stauracio Spatharo-candidato, Prafecto insula Ct/pri, was included in the Ecclesue Grace M6- numenta of Cotelerius (ii, 104), together with a short piece, Htpi tov pi) duv 7rpoc rd tv toj fiiy Xv-rjpd t7Ti(TTpi<pt(TSrai, Quod non oporfeat ad p?-a;sentis vitce mo- lest ias attendere, which, though not bearing the form of a letter (perhaps it is a fragment of one), is in the MS. classed with the Epistolce. A Latin version, from the Armenian, of some fragments of an Epistola Photii ad Zachariam Armenia Patriarcham, in support of the doctrine of the Council of Chalcedon, is given in the Conciliatio Ecclesice Armenia: cum Romano, of Galanus (Rom. 1650, fob). To all these we may add the Epistola Tarasio Fratri, usually subjoined to the Bibliotheca. The Epistola ad Zachariam, just mentioned, and an- other letter, Ad Principem Armenium Asutium, are ex- tant in MS. in an Armenian version (comp. Mai, Sci-ip- tor. Yeterum Nov. Collectio, Prolog, in vol. i, Rom. 1825, 4to).
6. AiZewv ovvaywyi] s. AtZucov, Lexicon. Marquar- dusGudius, of Hamburg, had an anonymous MS. lexicon, which he believed and asserted to be that of Photius; but the correctness of his opinion was first doubted by some, and is now given up by most scholars; and an- other lexicon, much shorter, and which is in the MSS. ascribed to Photius, is now admitted to be the genuine work of that eminent man. Of this Lexicon there ex- ist several MSS., but that known as the Codex Galeanus, because given by Thomas Gale to the library of Trinity College, Cambridge, is considered to be the archetype from which the others have been transcribed; but this MS. is in itself very imperfect, containing in fact not much more than half the original work. Nearly the whole of the lexicon known as the Lexicon Sanger- manense, a portion of which was published in the Anec- dota Grceca of Immanuel Bekker (Berlin, 1814, 8vo), i, 319, etc., appears to have been incorporated in the Lex- icon of Photius, of which, when entire, it is estimated to have formed a third part (Prcefat. to Person's edi- tion). The Lexicon of Photius was first published, from Continental MSS., by Gothofredus Hermannus (Leips. 1808, 4to). It formed the third volume of a set, of which the first two volumes contained the Lexicon as- cribed to Joannes Zonaras. The publication of the Lex'
PIIOTIUS
no
PIIOTUS
icon was followed by that of a L3n Uus Ammadversionum adPhotii Lexicon (Leips. L810, lto),and Cura NovissU mm sivc Appendix Notarum et EmendaHomim in Pkotii
. Leips. 1812, Lto), both by Jo. Fried. Schleusner.
Bui the edition of Hermann having failed to satisfy the
wants of the learned, an edition from a transcript ofthe
Galeanus, madt bj Porson, was published after
the death ol thai eminent scholar | Lond. L822, lto and
I iomp. Edinb. Rev. xxi, 329, etc., No. 12, July, L813, and t 'lass. Journ. I.e.)
7. ' A^oi\<\u(. Amphilochia. This work, which Al- latius,not a friendly censor, declared to be "aworfc filled with vast and varied learning, and very needful for theo- logians and expositors of Scripture," is in the form of answers to certain questions, and is addressed toAm- philochius, archbishop of Cyzicus. The ansvt ers are Baid in one MS. (apud Fabricius, BibL Grac. \i. 26) to be two hundred and ninety-seven in number; but Mont- faucon (/. c.) published an index of three hundred and eight, and a Vatican MS., according to Mai [Script. Vet, Nova Collectio, vol. i, Proleg. p. sxxix i, contains three hundred and thirteen. Of these more than two hundred and twenty have been published, but in various frag- mentary portions < Mai, I. c). The first portion which appeared in print was in the Lectiones Anliqua ofCani- sius I [ngolstadt, 1604, etc., 4to), v. 188, etc., who gave a Latin version, by Franciscus Turrianus, of six of the QucBStiones; but the work to which they belonged was not mentioned. In the subsequent edition oftheZec- tiones by Basnage (Amsterd. 1725, lto, vol. ii, pt. ii, p. 240, etc.). the Greek text of five ofthe six was added (the original ofthe sixth seems never to have been dis- covered), as well as the (.reek text of a seventh Quass- tio, - />' < 'hristi I oluntatibus Gnomicis" of which a Latin version by Turrianus had been published in the^wria- riiini Antiquarian Canisii Lectionum of the Jesuit Petrus Stewartius (Ingolstadt, 1616, 4to); also without notice that it was from the Amphilochia. Further additions wen- made by Combefis, in his SS. Pati-um Amphi- lochii, etc., Opera i Paris, 1644,2 vols, fol.) (by a Btrange error he ascribed the work not to Photius, but to Ain- pbilochius of [conium, a much older writer, from \\ hose works he supposed Photius had made a selection), and in his Novum Auctarium (Pari-. 1648), 2 vols, fol.; by Montfaucon, in hi- Bibliotheca Coisliuiana (Paris, 1715, fol.); and by Jo. Justus Spier, in Wittenbergischi l«- merkungen ubt r theologische, philosophische, histo?ische, philologische, und kritische Materien (Wittenberg, 1738, 8vo), pt i (Harles, Introd. in- Ilistoriam Lingua Grac. Suppkm.ii, 17). But the principal addition was made by Jo. < lir. Wolff, of forty-six Quastlones, published,