(IX.) Pentateuchus Ilebraicus absque Punctis, etc. (1490).
(X.) Pentateuchus ruin Jluphtaroth et Meuillotli Ilebraice (sine loco et anno, 4to [1490-95?]). For a 'long time only two copies were known to be extant ; one in the Library of St. Mark at Florence, and one in the library of the car- dinal Zelada. De Rossi, however, procured some copies.
Between 1490 and 1494 twelve other editions of differ- ent books were published, which we will not enumerate for want of space. In 1494 the Uiblia llebraiea cum Punc- tis (4to) was published at Brescia ; remarkable as being the one from which Luther's German translation was made. The Royal Library at Berlin preserves that copy in a case. This edition has many various readings. As it cannot historically be proved that in the edition of this Bible MSS. have been used — on the contrary, in its lectio- nibiis siinnilaribus it agrees with the edition of Soncino (14SS)— it is very probable that it was reprinted from the Soncinian text. A full description of this Bible is given by Schnlze, Vollstdndigere Kritik (Berlin, 1706). A collec- tion of various readings is given by I.e-I.ong-Mash in the Ilibliotheca Sacra. Between 1494 and 1497 four other edi- tions of different parts of the Hebrew Old Test, were pub- lished, which would make the number either of entire editions of the Old Test, or of single parts thereof about twenty-eight, and which all belong to the 15th century.
I. The first main recension was the Complutensian text of 1514-17. The editions which were published in the following centuries are mainly taken from one of the three main sources : the Complutensian Bible, the Soncinian Text of 148S, and Bow berg's (1525) : yet there is a fourth class, which contains a mixed text, composed of many old edi- tions. The Complutensian text was entitled Bihlia Sacra Polyglotta, etc. (in Compluteusi Univer.-itate, 1514-17). See Polyglot Blums. This was followed by the Heidel- berg or Bertram's Polyglot (Sacra Biblia Ilebraice, etc.) (ex orBciua Sanctaudreana, 1586, 3 vols, fob; republished in 1599, 3 vols, fob ex officina Commeliniaua, and in 1616, 3 vols, fob ibid.).
II. The second main recension, or the Soncinian text of 148s, was the basis of:
1. Biblia Rabbiniea Bmnbergiana T, curavit F. Pratensis (Venice, 1517-1S). See Rabbinic Bibles.
2. Romberg's Editions (4to): a. the first published in 151S; /3. the'second in 1521 ; 7. the third in 1525-28; 6. the fourth in 1533; e. the fifth in 1544.
?,. Minister's Editions of 1534, 1536, and 1540. The first contains the Hebrew text only, and was published by Froben at Basle. This edition is very rare and valuable on account of a collection of various readings, partly taken from MSS., which must have been collected by a Jewish editor. The other two editions have, besides the He- brew, a Latin translation.
4. Robert Stephens's first edition (Paris, 1539-44, 4 vols.). This was not published as a whole, but in parts, each hav- ing a title. The first part that was published was ISO S~P:."w"\ or Projihetia Isaice (ibid. 1539). Of variations, we subjoin the following: i, 25, -p:PO ; ver. 29, B^XB ; iii, 16, nilpiapil; vi, 5, ipalS; viii, 6, r&C'il (dagesh in b) ; ver. 13, DZ^n"^ ; x, 15, PX1 ; ver. 16, 1THD ; ver. IS, ClD -3 ; ver. 33, 'DEUJ'1, etc. The secoud part con- tained the twelve minor prophets (1539) ; the third, the Psalms (1540); the fourth, the Proverbs (154<i) ; in the same year also Jeremiah, Daniel, the five Megilloth ; in 1541, Job, Ezra, Ezekiel ; in 1543, Chronicles, the former prophets, and the Pentateuch. Richard Simon, in his Ilistoire. Critique du V. T. p. 513, makes this remark on that edition : "Si Ton a egard a la beaute des carac teres, il n'y a guercs de Bibles qui approchent de cello de Robert Estiennein quarto; an moins d'nne partie de cette Bible; mais elle n'est pas fort correcte." The same is confirmed by Carpzov, Critica Sacra, p. 421: "Plurimis autem sca- tere vitiis, non in punctis modo vocalibus et acccntnum, sed etiam in Uteris, imo in integris nonnunquam vocibus
RECENSIONS
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RECENSIONS
deprehenditur," etc. j and Samuel Ockley, in his Tntroduet. ad IAnguas Orient, cap. ii, p. 34, says: " lhec Roberti Ste- phani editio pulchris quidem characteribaa est inrpressa . . . sed plunbns mendis scatet, qua; libri puleherrinii ni- torem tarpiter foedarnnt."
HI. The third main recension was tin' Bombergian text of 1525. \ new nsion ofthe text, which has had more than any on the text of later times, was Bom- berg's second edition of the Rabbinic Bible, edited by -la- cob ben-Chajim (Venice, 1526 26, 4 vols. fol.). See Rab- binic Bibles. This edition was followed by—
1. A', st.i'licnx's second edition, published in parts, like Paris, 1644-46, 16mo).
■_'. Bomberg's third Rabbinical Bible (1547-10). See RAB- BINIC BlBLl S.
:;. .1/. .1. .hixt in in in\ h'riitiuiis, published at Venice in 1551, 1552, 1503, and 1873.
4. J. de Gar a' a Editions, published at Venice, viz. : a. an
edition in 4to, 1566; ft. I dition in 8vo, 156S; c. a Rab-
binie Hiblc (150s, 4 vols, fol.) [see Rabbinic Bibi i edition in 8vo, 1570; >■■ an edition in 4tO, 15m': /. an edi- tion with Rashi's commentary (1595, 4to); g. the same edition, published in 1607.