Philip (@Acrov). Another Greek name, meaning fond of horses. In ecclesiastical legend he is said to have been a chariot-driver.
Bartholomew. A Hebrew name—Bar Tolmaz, son of Tolmai. Almost certainly identical with Nathanael. Philip and Nathanael are associated by John, as are Philip and Bar- tholomew in the parallel passages of the synoptics. Bartholo- mew is not mentioned in John’s list of the twelve (xxi. 2), but Nathanael is; while the synoptists do not mention Nathanael in their lists, but do mention Bartholomew. Probably he had two names.
Thomas. A Hebrew name, meaning én, and translated by the Greek Didymus (John xi. 16).
Thaddaeus or Lebbaeus, as in Matt.x.3. He isthe Judas of John xiv. 22. Luther calls him der fromme Judas (the good Judas). The two surnames, Lebbaeus and Thaddaeus, mean the same thing—beloved child.
Simon the Canaanite. Properly, Cananaean. See on Matt. x. 4: “No name is more striking in the list than that of
Cu. II] MARK. 179
Simon the Zealot, for to none of the twelve could the contrast be so vivid between their former and their new position. What revolution of thought and heart could be greater than that which had thus changed into a follower of Jesus one of the fierce war-party of the day, which looked on the presence of Rome in the Holy Land as treason against the majesty of Jehovah, a party who were fanatical in their Jewish strictures and exclusiveness ?” (Geikie, “ Life and Words of Christ”).
19. Judas Iscariot. See on Matt. x. 4.
20. Again. Glancing back to the many notices of crowds in the preceding narrative. This reassembling of the multi- tudes, and its interference with the repast of Christ and the dis- ciples, is peculiar to Mark.
21. His friends (0( wap avrod). Lit., they who were from beside him: 7.e., by origin or birth. His mother and brethren. Compare vv. 31, 32. Wye., kinsmen. Tynd., they that be- longed unto him. Not his disciples, since they were in the house with him.
They said (Zreyor). Imperfect tense. Very graphic, they kept saying.
92. Beelzebub. See on Matt. x. 25.
And. Notconnecting two parts of one accusation, but two accusations, as is evident from the two érvs, which are equiva- lent to quotation marks.
94. And. Note the way in which the sayings are linked by this conjunction ; an impressive rhetorical progression,
26. But hath an end. Peculiar to Mark.
27. Spoil (Ssapracar). Mark uses the stronger and more vivid compound verb, where Matthew employs the simple ap-
180 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IV.
ndcat. The verb means, primarily, to tear in pieces ; to carry away, as the wind; to efface, as footsteps. So, generally, to seize as plunder, snatching right and left.
His goods (ra oxevn). Lit., his vessels. So Wye. Compare Mark xi. 16; Acts ix. 15; x. 11; 2 Tim. ii. 20. The special object of the robber may be precious vessels of gold or silver ; but the word is probably used in its general sense of household gear.
28. Compare Matt. xii. 31; and note Mark’s superior preci- sion and fulness of detail.
29. Guilty (@&oyos). From év, in, éyo, to hold or have. _Lit., is in the grasp of, or holden of. Compare 1 Cor. xi. 27; James dik 0).
Eternal damnation (aiwviov duaptjpatos). An utterly false rendering. Rightly as Rev., of an eternal sin. So Wyc., ever- lasting trespass. The A. V. has gone wrong in following Tyn- dale, who, in turn, followed the erroneous text of Erasmns, xpicews, judgment, wrongly rendered damnation. See Matt. xxiii. 83, and compare Rev. there.
30. They said (édeyov). Imperfect tense. They kept saying, or persisted in saying. An addition peculiar to Mark.
31, 82. They sent unto him calling him, and a multitude was sitting about him. Detail by Mark only; as also the words in yer. 84, Looking round on them which sat round about him.