5. We have been planted together (cvpudutou yeyovaper). Rev. gives more accurately the meaning of both words. >» Up- duro is not planted, which would be formed from dvutetw to Plant, while this word is compounded with ody together, and pvw to grow. Teydvapev is have become, denoting process, in- stead of the simple elvas to be. Hence Rev., have become united, have grown together ; an intimate and progressive union ; co- alescence. Note the mixture of metaphors, walking and grow- ing.
We shall be also (adn Kai éodued9a). It is impossible to reproduce this graphic and condensed phrase accurately in Eng- lish. It contains an adversative particle dAAd but. Morison paraphrases: “If we were united with Him in the likeness of His death (that will not be the full extent of the union), but we shall be also united,” etc. For similar instances see 1 Cor. iv. 15; Col. ii 5.
6. Old man (6 wanratds dvSpwrros). Only in Paul, and only three times; here, Eph. iv. 22; Col. iii. 9. Compare John iii. 3; Tit. iii.5. The old, unrenewed self. Paul views the Christ- ian before his union with Christ, as, figuratively, another per- son. Somewhat in the same way he regards himself in ch. vii.
The body of sin (76 capa rijs duaptias). Sapa in earlier classical usage signifies @ corpse. So always in Homer and often in later Greek. So in the New Testament, Matt. vi. 25; Mark v. 29; xiv.8; xv.43. It is used of men as slaves, Apoe. xviii. 13. Also in classical Greek of the sum-total. So Plato: TO TOD Kocpov cepa the sum-total of the world (“ Timaeus,” 31).
The meaning is tinged in some cases by the fact of the vital
68 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. (Ca. VL
union of the body with the immaterial nature, as being ani- mated by the vyx7 soul, the principle of individual life. Thus Matt. vi. 25, where the two are conceived as forming one or- ganism, so that the material ministries which are predicated of the one are predicated of the other, and the meanings of the two merge into one another.
In Paul it can scarcely be said to be used of a dead body, except in a figurative sense, as Rom. viii. 10, or by inference, 2 Cor. v.8. Commonly of a living body. It occurs with apuxy soul, only 1 Thess. v. 23, and there its distinction from Wuy7 rather than its union with it is implied. So in Matt. x. 28, though even there the distinction includes the two as one per- sonality. It is used by Paul:
1. Of the living human body, Rom. iv. 19; 1 Cor. vi. 13; ix. 27; xii. 12-26.
2. Of the Church as the body of Christ, Rom. xii. 5; 1 Cor. xii. 27; Eph. i. 23; Col. i. 18, etc. 2dp& flesh, never in this sense.
3. Of plants and heavenly bodies, 1 Cor. xv. 37, 40.
4. Of the glorified body of Christ, Philip. iii. 21.
5. Of the spiritual body of risen believers, 1 Cor. xv. 44.
It is distinguished from odp& flesh, as not being limited to the organism of an earthly, living body, 1 Cor. xv. 37, 38. It is the material organism apart from any definite matter. It is however sometimes used as practically synonymous with oapé, 1 Cor. vii. 16, 17; Eph. v. 28, 31; 2 Cor. iv. 10, 11. Compare 1 Cor. v. 3 with Col. ii. 5. An ethical conception attaches to it. It is alternated with én members, and the two are associ- ated with sin (Rom. i. 24; vi. 6; vii. 5, 245 viii. 13: Col. iii. 5), and with sanctification (Rom. xii. 1; 1 Cor. vi. 19 sq.; com- pare 1 Thess. iv. 4; v. 23). It is represented as mortad, Rom. viii. 11; 2 Cor. x. 10; and as capable of life, 1 Cor. xiii. 3; 2 Cor. iv. 10.