Puyy soul is thus:
1. The individual life, the seat of the personality.
2. The subject of the life, the person in which it dwells.
3. The mind as the sentient principle, the seat of sensation and desire.
4. Answer (ypnyaticyds). Only here in the New Testa- ment. For the kindred verb xXpnuative warn, see on Matt. ii. 12; Luke ii. 26; Acts xii. 26. Compare Rom. vii. 3. The
Cu. XL] THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS. 123
word means an oracular answer. Inthe New Testament the verb is commonly rendered warn.
| have reserved (xarédurov). Varying from both Septua- gint and Hebrew. Heb., J will reserve ; Sept., thow wilt leave.
To Baal (77 Baad). The feminine article is used with the name instead of the masculine (as in Septuagint in this passage). It occurs, however, in the Septuagint with both the masculine and the feminine article. Various reasons are given for the use of the feminine, some supposing an ellipsis, the wnage of Baal; others that the deity was conceived as bisexual; others that the feminine article represents the feminine noun % aioyivn shame Heb., bosheth, which was used as a substitute for Baal when this name became odious to the Israelites.
6. Otherwise (ézel). Lit., sénce. Since, in that case.
Grace is no more, etc. (yiveras). Lit., becomes. No longer comes into manifestation as what it really is. “It gives up its specific character” (Meyer).
But if of works, etc. The best texts omit to the end of the verse.
7. Obtained (érrérvyev). The simple verb tuyxyavw means originally to hit the mark ; hence to fall in with, light upon, attain.
The election (7 éAoy)). Abstract for concrete. Those elected ; like repetoun the circumcision for those uncircum- cised (Eph. ii. 11. Compare rqv katatounv the concision, Philip. iii. 3).
Were blinded (érwpé3ncav). Rev., correctly, hardened, though the word is used of blindness when applied to the eyes, as Job xvii. 7, Sept. See on hardness, Mark iii. 5. Compare oxdnpiver hardeneth, Rom. ix. 18.
8 It is written. Three quotations follow, two of which are blended in this verse: Isa. xxix. 10; Deut. xxix. 3 (4).
Hath given (xev). Heb., poured out. Sept., given ta drink.
124 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cx. XI.
Slumber (xaravifews). Heb., deep sleep. Only here in the New Testament. Lit., pricking or piercing, compunction. Com- pare the kindred verb catevirynoav were pricked, Acts ii. 37. Rev. renders stwpor, the secondary meaning; properly the stupefaction following a wound or blow.
9. David saith. Ps. Ixix. 28, 24. It is doubtful whether David was the author. Some high authorities are inclined to ascribe it to Jeremiah. David here may mean nothing more than the book of Psalms. *
Table. Representing material prosperity : feasting in wicked security. Some explain of the Jews’ presumptuous confidence in the law.
Snare (srayida). From myvups to make fast. The anchor is called trayls vedv the maker-fast of the ships.
Trap (Sypav). Lit., @ hunting. Only here in the New Test- ament, and neither in the Hebrew nor Septuagint. Many render net, following Ps. xxxv. 8, where the word is used for the Hebrew resheth net. No kind of snare will be wanting. Their presumptuous security will become to them a SNAPE, hunting, a stumbling-block.
A recompence (dvramddoua). Substituted by the Septua- gint for the Hebrew, to them at ease. It carries the idea of a just retribution.
10. Bow down (avyxaprpov). Lit., bend together. Hebrew, shake the loins.
12. Diminishing (77nua). The literal translation. Rey. renders doss. Referring apparently to the diminution in num- bers of the Jewish people. Other explanations are defeat, im- poverishment, injury, minority.
Fulness (7Asjpaya). See on John i.16. The word may mean that with which anything és Jjilled (1 Cor. x. 26, 28; Matt. ix. 16; Mark vi. 43); that which és Jilled (Eph. i. 28); possibly
*So Hitzig. Delitzsch inclines to his view, and Perowne thinks the Davidic authorship very doubtful. Meyer says, positively, ‘‘not David.” So Foy.